Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Vaccination

Coix ; Epimedium ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Plant Leaves

Objective:To establish a sequencing method for the genome of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) based on next-generation sequencing (NGS).Methods:SFTSV RNA was extracted from serum samples of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. SFTSV-specific primers were designed using Primer 5.0 software. A multiplex PCR method was constructed and used to amplify the nucleotide sequence of SFTSV. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on the NGS platform.Results:The whole genes of SFTSV isolates in 28 serum samples were amplified by the multiplex PCR with a coverage over 94%. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of those strains revealed that the predominant strains ( n=20) belonged to genotype A, followed by genotypes B ( n=4) and E ( n=3). Conclusions:A high-throughput sequencing method for SFTSV based on multiplex PCR was established in this study. This method was characterized by high specificity and good quality and could improve the sequencing efficiency.

Objective To study the acceptability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent the transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangxi, China.Methods Snow-balling methods were used to recruit 650 MSM in Guangxi. Questionnaires and interview were administrated to these 650 men, using a self-designed questionnaire and face to face interviews to collect information on HIV-related risk behaviors, knowledge and acceptability of PrEP.effective, safe and free of charge', 597 (91.9%) of the 650 MSM claimed that they would accept it,who refused to use it, most of them said that were afraid of the side-effect and doubted on the effectiveness of PrEP. Data from logistic regression analysis showed that those who had found partners through friends (OR=6.21, P=0.020) and those who would advise his friend to use PrEP (OR=39.32, P=0.000) were more likely to accept PrEP. Those who thought they could protect themselves from HIV infection (OR=0.32, P=0.010) or not having sex with the ones who refused to use a condom (OR=0.34, P=0.010) were less likely to accept PrEP. Conclusion Effectiveness, safety and cost seemed to be the main influential factors related to the acceptability of PrEP. Peer education might improve the acceptability of PrEP.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection in high risk populations.

METHODSA computerized literature searching had been carried out in PubMed, EMbase, Ovid, Web of Science, Science Direct, Wanfang, Tsinghua Tongfang database and related websites to collect relevant papers (from establishment to June 2012) with the key words of pre-exposure prophylaxis, HIV, AIDS, high risk populations, relative risk, reduction. All randomized controlled trials (RCT) papers about using single or compound antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) orally or topically before HIV exposure or during HIV exposure in high risk populations were enrolled. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 10.0 to calculate the pooled RR value (95%CI). Consistency test was performed and publication bias was evaluated.

RESULTSFinally 5 RCT papers were enrolled, including 10 271 persons who were at high risk of HIV infection. The number of the experimental group was 5929, among which 116(1.96%) became infected. The number of the control group was 4342, among which 201(4.63%) became infected. Meta-analysis showed that the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95%CI was 0.49 (0.39 - 0.61), P < 0.05, indicating that the persons in experimental group had a 0.49 times lower risk of HIV infected, as compared with the control group. Publication bias analysis revealed a symmetry funnel plot. The fail-safe number was 825.

CONCLUSIONPrEP was an effective and safe protection measure to reduce HIV infection in high risk populations.

Anti-HIV Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlations of four genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: A total of 300 patients with sporadic PTSD and 150 healthy subjects (the control group) were selected according to the diagnostic criteria of PTSD (DSM-IV), and the genotypes of the BDNF SNPs G-712A, C270T, rs6265, and rs7103411 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing to determine intergroup differences in the genotypes and allele frequencies; the p values were corrected with the permutation test. RESULTS: The genotypes and allele frequencies of the SNPs G-712A, rs6265, and rs7103411 of BDNF showed no significant intergroup differences (p>0.05). However, the genotype and allele frequencies of C270T showed significant differences between the PTSD group and the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The SNP C270T of BDNF may be associated with PTSD. Individuals carrying the polymorphic T allele of C270T may be more likely to suffer from PTSD.
Alleles ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor* ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic*

Abri Herba,a kind of plant of Leguminosae family,is widely distributed in Guangdong and Guangxi,with rich resources.With a long medication history in China,its whole-plant, apart from plant seeds have been used as medicine, with the effects in removing dampness and removing jaundice, clearing heat and detoxifying,and clearing the liver and relieving pain. By accessing CNKI, Wanfang date,VIP Web, ScienceDirect,FMRS, Pubmed and multiple domestic and foreign databases,recent literatures on chemical constituents and pharmacological action and clinical trials of Abri Herba were collected and summarized in a review.According to a great quantity of relevant domestic and foreign literatures.Abri herba contains abundant chemical constituents, such as betulinic acid and other triterpenoids, catechin and other flavonoids,abrine and other alkaloids, chrysophanol and other anthraquinones, as well as inorganic elements.Abri Herba has a wide range of pharmacological effects due to rich material basis. Abri Herba, as a folk traditional herb, is used to treat jaundice with damp-heat pathogen, distending pain in the stomach, acute mastitisand gall, steatosis hepatis, hepatitis and internal traumatic injury. It also has many other effects in resisting tumor,oxidation,bacteria,virus and inflammation, relieving pain, promoting wound healing and regulating immunity.At present, there is single herb or traditional Chinese medicine compounds of Abri Herba in clinic, and the latter is the majority. Abri Herba can play a better pesticide effect by combining with traditional Chinese medicine. With a wide range of pharmacological effects,cheap price and easy cultivation. Abri Herba has high economic and social benefits, great potential for development and broad market prospects.Based on domestic and foreign studies on Abri Herba in past 30 years, the recent progress in the studies on chemical constituents,biological activities and clinical applications of this plant was reviewed in this paper, in the expectation of providing reference for further development and comprehensive utilization of Abri Herba medicinal resources.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the molecular pathogenesis of deaf couples by means of genetic testing. To provide accurate genetic counseling and instruction for deaf couples with different etiology based upon results of genetic testing.

METHODSFour deaf families from July 2005 to May 2006. Each subject was with moderate to profound hearing loss. Genomic and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of each subject were extracted from whole blood. Genetic testing of GJB2, SLC26A4 (PDS) and mtDNA A1555G mutation were offered to each individuals.

RESULTSThe husband from family 1 didn't carry GJB2, SLC26A4 and mtDNA A1555G mutation while his wife was confirmed to carry compound SLC26A4 mutations. The possibility of their offspring's to be SLC26A4 single mutation carrier was 100%. The couple from family 2 both didn't carry GJB2, SLC26A4 and mtDNA A1555G mutation. The possibility of their offspring's having hereditary deafness caused by GJB2, SLC26A4 and mtDNA A1555G mutation was excluded. The husband from family 3 was confirmed to carry homozygous GJB2 mutations and a single SLC26A4 mutation while his wife who was diagnosed with enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome (EVAS) by CT scan was proven to carry a single SLC26A4 mutation. The risk of their offspring's suffering EVAS was 50%. The husband from family 4 was mtDNA A1555G positive while his wife who was diagnosed with cochlear malformation by CT scan didn't carry GJB2, SLC26A4 and mtDNA A1555G mutation. The risk of their offspring's having hereditary deafness caused by GJB2, SLC26A4 and mtDNA A1555G mutation was excluded.

CONCLUSIONSGenetic testing could be applied to offer the more accurate genetic counseling and instruction to deaf couples.

Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; analysis ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Female ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of promoting male circumcision among the general population in the high HIV prevalence areas of Guangxi Province.

METHODSWe interviewed 590 male residents from Hezhou and Qinzhou areas of Guangxi Province and conducted intervention using male circumcision promotion materials and various methods. If the subjects were willing and had no contraindication, they were referred to the appointed hospitals to receive circumcision. We conducted follow-up visits at 6 and 9 months after intervention for the changes in the subjects' knowledge, attitude and practice related to male circumcision.

RESULTSThe male circumcision knowledge, willingness and operation rate were significantly improved after intervention (P < 0.05), but with no significant difference between the two follow-up visits (P > 0.05). The number of those who knew that phimosis and redundant prepuce were the reasons for circumcision increased from 66.1% at baseline to 81.9% and 79.8% at the two follow-up visits; those who knew that circumcision could prevent AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases increased from 28.0% to 77.4% and 78.6%; those who knew that surgical complications could be pain, bleeding and infection increased from 29.5%, 19.3% and 39.3% to 72.5%, 58.2% and 59.4% at the first follow-up and 75.0%, 57.0% and 63.0% at the second; those who were willing to receive circumcision increased from 35.3% at baseline to 59.6% and 61.3% at the two follow-up visits; and the rate of surgery increased from zero to 12.7% and 16.1%.

CONCLUSIONThe promotion of male circumcision among the general population in the high HIV prevalence areas of Guangxi Province significantly improved their knowledge, attitude and practice related to AIDS prevention. And the promotion activities should focus on the publicity of AIDS knowledge, risks of phimosis and redundant prepuce, and safety of circumcision.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Adult ; China ; Circumcision, Male ; psychology ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of hot spot mutation of PDS gene by genetic screening testing method in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. The feasibility and effectiveness of genetic screening method in finding enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome were confirmed by temporal bone CT scan.

METHODSDNA were extracted from peripheral blood of 141 students of Chifeng Deaf and Dumb school. PDS IVS7-2 A-G mutation, the most common PDS mutation in Chinese population, was analyzed by direct sequencing for PDS exon 7, exon 8 with intron 7. The individuals found with homozygous or heterozygous PDS IVS7-2 A-G mutation were given further temporal CT scan, ultrasound scan of thyroid and thyroid hormone assays. The results of PDS genetic screening and temporal bone CT scan were compared with each other.

RESULTSThe sequencing results revealed twenty cases carrying PDS IVS7-2 A-G mutation, of whom nine cases were homozygous mutation and eleven cases were heterozygous mutation. Eighteen cases underwent temporal bone CT scan except two cases that left the school due to other health problem. Sixteen cases were confirmed to be enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome (EVAS) by CT scan and the shape and function of thyroid were clinically normal by ultrasound scan of thyroid and thyroid hormone assays, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe patients suffered from EVAS can be diagnosed by the screening for the PDS hot spot mutation which has unique advantage in epidemiologic study in large scale deaf population. The preliminary data of this study suggested relatively high incidence of EVAS in Chifeng area.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Syndrome ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; pathology ; Vestibular Diseases ; genetics ; Young Adult