Child ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate whether arsenic trioxide(As2O3)with different density is capable of affecting the invasiveness of neuroblastoma(NB)cells,and to give grounds for NB therapy with As2O3.Methods 1.Well-developed NB cells were selected and exposed to 0.75 ?mol/L,1.50 ?mol/L,3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 for 24 h;2.Collect the adherence cells,count the number and float them in nutrient medium again,add them into the transwell polycarbonate membrane plate that was covered by matrigel,there were 2?104 NB cells in each well;3.After 24 h,take off the membrane,fix the cells which cross the membrane with mehanol and dye them with hematoxylin;4.Observe the NB cells and count them,so the capability of invasion of LA-N-5 was evaluated by transwell chamber assay.Results After 24 h with the different density As2O3,the number of invading LA-N-5 cells was significantly lower in As2O3 group than that in control group(the number of invading cells of the As2O3 group was 28.0?4.0,19.33?4.16,6.33?1.53,respectively,the cell number of the control group was 46.33?6.11)(P=0.013,0.003,0);among the experiment groups,there was no difference between 0.75 ?mol/L and 1.50 ?mol/L(P=0.06),and it was significantly different between 0.75 ?mol/L and 3.0 ?mol/L,1.50 ?mol/L and 3.0 ?mol/L(P=0,0.007),the number of invading LA-N-5 cells of 3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 was the least.Conclusions As2O3 could inhibit the invasive potential of NB cells;the inhibitory action of 3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 is the most.

Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; Ring Chromosomes ; Wilms Tumor ; genetics

A series of receptors expressed in the surface of tumor cells, which are able to mediate internalizing effect by specially connecting with corresponding ligands. These receptors are potential targets for drugs combined with conjugates. So the drug-conjugate compounds can be targeted delivery to tumor cells. The folate receptor is a promising target because of its marrow tissue specificity, its overexpression in malignant tissues, especially in myeloid leukemic cells, and its ability to bind and internalize folic acid conjugates. It is a promising potential method to apply folate receptor in the receptor-mediated targeting therapy of leukemic cells. In this review, the biological features of folate receptor, its chromosome location and its interaction with ligands, the distribution characteristics of folate receptor in normal and tumor tissues, especially in myeloid leukemic cells, and progress of research on folate receptor mediated targeting tumor cells, especially leukemic cells were summarized.
Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored ; Folic Acid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Thoracic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis

So far treatment of advanced neuroblastoma is still difficult, due to its high malignancy. Currently comprehensive therapies, including high-dose multi-drug chemotherapy, surgery, stem cell transplantation, radiation, biological therapy and immune therapy as well as target therapy dominant the treatment of this disease, and we hereby introduce the latest development of treatment protocols for this disease.
Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; therapy ; Neuroblastoma ; therapy

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, pathological and biological features of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in childhood. The morphology of cells was observed by means of bone marrow smear; the immunophenotype was detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry assay. The results indicated that the fever, hemorrhage, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy in this case were the primary presentations accompanying by leukocytosis, anemia and thrombocytopenia. An adequate marrow aspirate could not be obtained. At the time of diagnosis, the bone marrow had more than 30% megakaryoblasts in nucleated cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the dual expression of CD41 and CD61 by tumor cells in bone marrow. The histopathological examination of bone marrow demonstrated infiltration of large-sized CD42b(+) cells. According to all above mentioned results, this case was diagnosed as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. In conclusion, childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is a rare and easily misdiagnosed disease with poor prognosis. Flow cytometry analysis and immunohistochemistry assay of bone marrow can help in detecting this leukemia subtype and evaluating its prognosis.
Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; pathology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute ; diagnosis ; immunology ; pathology ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; immunology

Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; complications ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; etiology ; Male

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of the ARAR0331 protocol for treatment of childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

METHODSThe clinical data of eight children with nasopharyngeal carcinoma between May 2004 and May 2012 were retrospectively studied. The eight patients included six boys and two girls, and the onset age was between 3 and 13 years. Six patients were in AJCC Stage Ⅲ, one was in StageⅡA and one was in Stage ⅣA. One patient had been treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy which mainly included EAP, BEP and EA. The other seven patients had been treated with the ARAR0331 protocol provided by the America Children's Oncology Group (COG).

RESULTSThe patient who had been treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy developed multiple bony metastasis during the chemotherapeutic period. Four out of seven patients who had been treated with ARAR0331 protocol achieved complete remission, and two achieved partial remission. The seven patients were followed-up from 8 to 75 months and the survival rate was 100%. The ARAR0331 protocol treatment-related complications included radiodermatitis, mucocitis and nausea. Late toxicity was not found.

CONCLUSIONSBased on the limited cases, ARAR0331 protocol appears to be effective and safe for childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Adolescent ; Carcinoma ; Chemoradiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies

To explore the effect of bone marrow camouflaged with methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) on allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 60 BALB/c(H-2d) mice were randomly divided into 3 groups after irradiation by 8.0 Gy of (60)Co gamma ray. A group was given RPMI 1640 0.5 ml in tail vein. B group was infused with the bone marrow cells (1 x 10(7)) mixed with the spleen cells (1 x 10(7)) of donor 615(H-2k) mice. C group was transplanted with same dose cells, which were camouflaged with mPEG before infusion. Severity GVHD was determined by total manifestation of mice, survival rate, survival time and histo-pathological microscopy, and engraftment of allogeneic bone marrow was evaluated by chromosome examination. The results showed that 75% mice in B group had severe adverse manifestations, such as hunched posture, diarrhea and loss of hair. Occurrence of the same adverse manifestations in C group was 35% and significantly lower than that in B group (P Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Survival Analysis ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Whole-Body Irradiation