The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare disorder of neuromuscular transmission that is frequently associated with malignancy, particulary small cell carcinoma of the lung. To our knowledge, there was no report of LEMS in Korean listeratures and this might be the first case in this country. The patient is a 55 year old man with muscle weakness and fatigability of proximal lower limbs for 2 months. Bronchogenic carcinoma is confirmed radiologically and pathologically. The electrophysiological studies suppert the clinical diagnosis of LEMS with (1) low amplitude of evoked compound muscle potential to a single supramaximal stimulus on nerve, (2) significant decremental response at low rates of stimulation and (3) marked incremental response at high rates of stimulation.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome* ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Weakness

Presented a 39 year old man of cerebral malaria and pertinent literature were reviewed briefly. The patient was admitted because of fever and drowsy mental state. On admission, there were mild icteric sclerae and hepatomegaly. Brain C-T scan was normal. The cerebrospinal fluid study showed increased pressure (280 mmH20), and protein content (150 mg/dl) with mild pleocytosis. The EEG revealed diffuse delta waves throughout the head. At the 3rd hospital day, the patient was rapidly deteriorated to comatous state showing marked hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency and expired. Numerous plasmodium falciparum parasites were revealed in the peripheral blood smear.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Electroencephalography ; Fever ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Leukocytosis ; Malaria, Cerebral* ; Parasites ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Sclera ; Thrombocytopenia

Compound nerve action potential (CNAP) of the mixed peripheral nerve is composed of A alpha beta, A delta, and C potentials. All components of CNAPs in the sciatic nerve were recorded by stimulating the tibial nerve of both control and lead-poisoned rats. Marked decrease of nerve conduction velocity and prolonged duration were found in A alpha beta and A delta fibers especially in large myelinated A alpha beta fibers. The amplitude decreased in A alpha beta potential, but the area did not change. In C potential produced by activation of unmyelinated fibers, nerve conduction velocity slightly decreased, but the amplitude and area did not significantly change. Pathologic correlates revealed prominent segmental demyelination with significant decrease of large myelinated fiber densities. Minimal axonal degeneration of unmyelinated fibers was present. We can conclude that electrophysiologic changes in the lead-poisoned rats correlate with pathologic changes in them.
Animals ; Electrochemistry ; Lead Poisoning/complications/*pathology ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sciatic Nerve/pathology

Pharyngeal dysphagia can be caused by structural abnormalities or neurological disorders such as stroke, meningitis, and other conditions. Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is a rare cause of pharyngeal dysphagia. The symptoms of HZ usually involve a painful rash with vesicles along the dermatome area, but it can also affect the cranial nerves (CN), such as CN VII (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome), and less commonly, other CN. A 69-year-old man presented with a sore throat and dysphagia symptoms. A laryngoscopy revealed multiple ulcerative mucosal lesions on the right soft palate and lateral pharynx. The patient was treated with oral valacyclovir, and although the lesions disappeared, the dysphagia symptoms remained. While dysphagia associated with a VZV infection is rare, it can occur with the additional symptoms of vocal cord paralysis. This paper reports a rare case of pharyngeal dysphagia caused by a VZV infection, and the patient presented only with the initial symptoms of sore throat and dysphagia without skin lesions or signs of vocal cord paralysis.

Pharyngeal dysphagia can be caused by structural abnormalities or neurological disorders such as stroke, meningitis, and other conditions. Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is a rare cause of pharyngeal dysphagia. The symptoms of HZ usually involve a painful rash with vesicles along the dermatome area, but it can also affect the cranial nerves (CN), such as CN VII (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome), and less commonly, other CN. A 69-year-old man presented with a sore throat and dysphagia symptoms. A laryngoscopy revealed multiple ulcerative mucosal lesions on the right soft palate and lateral pharynx. The patient was treated with oral valacyclovir, and although the lesions disappeared, the dysphagia symptoms remained. While dysphagia associated with a VZV infection is rare, it can occur with the additional symptoms of vocal cord paralysis. This paper reports a rare case of pharyngeal dysphagia caused by a VZV infection, and the patient presented only with the initial symptoms of sore throat and dysphagia without skin lesions or signs of vocal cord paralysis.

Pharyngeal dysphagia can be caused by structural abnormalities or neurological disorders such as stroke, meningitis, and other conditions. Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is a rare cause of pharyngeal dysphagia. The symptoms of HZ usually involve a painful rash with vesicles along the dermatome area, but it can also affect the cranial nerves (CN), such as CN VII (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome), and less commonly, other CN. A 69-year-old man presented with a sore throat and dysphagia symptoms. A laryngoscopy revealed multiple ulcerative mucosal lesions on the right soft palate and lateral pharynx. The patient was treated with oral valacyclovir, and although the lesions disappeared, the dysphagia symptoms remained. While dysphagia associated with a VZV infection is rare, it can occur with the additional symptoms of vocal cord paralysis. This paper reports a rare case of pharyngeal dysphagia caused by a VZV infection, and the patient presented only with the initial symptoms of sore throat and dysphagia without skin lesions or signs of vocal cord paralysis.

Pharyngeal dysphagia can be caused by structural abnormalities or neurological disorders such as stroke, meningitis, and other conditions. Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is a rare cause of pharyngeal dysphagia. The symptoms of HZ usually involve a painful rash with vesicles along the dermatome area, but it can also affect the cranial nerves (CN), such as CN VII (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome), and less commonly, other CN. A 69-year-old man presented with a sore throat and dysphagia symptoms. A laryngoscopy revealed multiple ulcerative mucosal lesions on the right soft palate and lateral pharynx. The patient was treated with oral valacyclovir, and although the lesions disappeared, the dysphagia symptoms remained. While dysphagia associated with a VZV infection is rare, it can occur with the additional symptoms of vocal cord paralysis. This paper reports a rare case of pharyngeal dysphagia caused by a VZV infection, and the patient presented only with the initial symptoms of sore throat and dysphagia without skin lesions or signs of vocal cord paralysis.

10~25% of all cases of lymphoma involves the nervous system. Neurolymphomatosis, one of the complications of lymphoma, is rare clinical disorder with signs of peripheral neuropathy. It is also a rare cause of painful neuropathy and usually presents with sensorimotor polyneuropathy in nerve conduction studies. We report a case of neurolymphomatosis that had originated from a nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma with clinical and electrophysiological evidences of peripheral neuropathy, confirmed by histopathologic evidences of lymphomatous infiltration.
Animals ; Lymphoma* ; Marek Disease* ; Nervous System ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Polyneuropathies

Acute abdominal pain during pregnancy may be urologic origin. In this report, perinephric abscess was treated by percutaneous catheter drainage until a term delivery was achieved. We have experienced a case of perinephric abscess of pregnancy and reported with brief review of related literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Abscess* ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Humans ; Pregnancy

Fetal intracranial hemorrhage is quite rare. It refers to the bleeding that occurs antenatally from a blood vessel into ventricles, subdural space, or parenchyme of the brain. Factors that may place the fetus at risk for intracranial hemorrhage include maternal drug exposure history, various maternal and fetal conditions. The majority of reported antenatally detected cases of intracranial hemorrhage have occurred during the third trimester. Residual changes may include development of a porencephalic cyst or ventricular enlargement. Intracranial hemorrhage has a broad spectrum of manifestations with diverse prognosis. We report a case of fetal intracranial hemorrhage that was diagnosed antenatally in the third trimester with a brief review of literatures.
Blood Vessels ; Brain ; Female ; Fetus ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prognosis ; Subdural Space ; Ultrasonography*