Objective A lentivirus-mediated colon cancer cell line stably overexpressing human SAMHD1 gene was constructed to observe the effect of this gene on the ability of the cells to resist herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. Methods p CDH-EF1-MCS-SAMHD1-T2 A-GFP recombinant plasmid was constructed using pCDH-EF1-MCS-T2 A-copGFP lentiviral vector. After confirming successful synthesis with sequencing, the recombinant plasmid and lentivirus packaging plasmids were co-transfected into 293 T cells. The pseudovirus solution was collected and concentrated, then human colon cancer cells were infected with the concentrated solution. The cell line overexpressing SAMHD1 gene was infected with HSV-1 in contrast to the control group, and the virus infection efficiency was assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses. Results The pCDH-EF1-MCS-SAMHD1-T2 A-GFP recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed and verified by gene sequencing. Western blotting confirmed the overexpression of the SAMHD1 gene with higher levels of the gene in the transfected cells in contrast to control human colon cancer cell line. Western blotting and immunofluorescence showed that the cell line overexpressing human SAMHD1 gene could effectively inhibit the infection of HSV-1. Conclusion Lentivirus-mediated stable cell line overexpressing human SAMHD1 gene was effective in inhibiting HSV-1 replication and could help us to further investigate the function of SAMHD1.