PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of accidental events, depression, and anxiety among workers with industrial accidents in South Korea. METHODS: The participants were 510 workers with industrial accidents. Data were collected by personal interviews with structured questionnaires for three months from August to October in 2005. For analyses, frequencies and means were utilized. RESULTS: The participants' average age was 44.9 years, and about 91% of them were male. Also, they had a greater risk of poverty after being injured. The most frequent cause of accidents was fall (32.2%), and the most frequent injured body area was extremities (73.9%). For around a half of the participants, the treatment period was 12 months or shorter. The participants were at great risk of experiencing a negative impact due to events, depression, and anxiety. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop: (a) strategies for injured workers to be financially stable during recuperation; and (b) supporting systems for them not to suffer and exacerbate mental health problems after being injured.
Accidents, Occupational ; Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mental Health ; Poverty ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Although surgical resection with chemotherapy is considered effective for patients with advanced gastric cancer, it remains the third leading cause of cancer-related death in South Korea. Several studies have reported that mesothelial markers including mesothelin, calretinin, and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) were positive in variable carcinomas, associated with prognosis, and were evaluated as potential markers for targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical expression of mesothelial markers (mesothelin, calretinin, and WT1) in gastric adenocarcinoma and their relations to clinocopathological features and prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated calretinin, WT1, and mesothelin expression by immunohistochemical staining in 117 gastric adenocarcinomas. RESULTS: Mesothelin was positively stained in 30 cases (25.6%). Mesothelin expression was related to increased depth of invasion (p = .002), lymph node metastasis (p = .013), and presence of lymphovascular (p = .015) and perineural invasion (p = .004). Patients with mesothelin expression had significantly worse disease-free survival rate compared with that of nonmesothelin expression group (p = .024). Univariate analysis showed that mesothelin expression is related to short-term survival. None of the 117 gastric adenocarcinomas stained for calretinin or WT1. CONCLUSIONS: Mesothelin expression was associated with poor prognosis. Our results suggest that mesothelin-targeted therapy should be considered as an important therapeutic alternative for gastric adenocarcinoma patients with mesothelin expression.

BACKGROUND: Assessment of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemical staining is used for treatment decisions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) regarding use of PD-L1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy. The reliability of the PD-L1 22C3 pharmDx assay is critical in guiding clinical practice. The Cardiopulmonary Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists investigated the interobserver reproducibility of PD-L1 staining with 22C3 pharmDx in NSCLC samples.METHODS: Twenty-seven pathologists individually assessed the tumor proportion score (TPS) for 107 NSCLC samples. Each case was divided into three levels based on TPS: <1%, 1%–49%, and ≥50%.RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient for TPS was 0.902±0.058. Weighted κ coefficient for 3-step assessment was 0.748±0.093. The κ coefficients for 1% and 50% cut-offs were 0.633 and 0.834, respectively. There was a significant association between interobserver reproducibility and experience (formal PD-L1 training, more experience for PD-L1 assessment, and longer practice duration on surgical pathology), histologic subtype, and specimen type.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining provides a reproducible basis for decisions on anti–PD-1 therapy in NSCLC.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Cell Death ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunotherapy ; Observer Variation ; Pathology

In an attempt to better define the cytologic characteristics of schwannomas, we have reviewed aspirates and corresponding histologic sections from 23 schwannomas. Of this number, the original cytologic diagnoses were: schwannoma in 14 cases (61%), benign soft tissue tumor in 2 cases (9%), and insufficient specimen in 7 cases (30%). The cytologic findings common to all cases of schwannoma included fragments of tightly cohesive fascicles with variable cellularity and corresponding Antoni type A area. The Antoni type B area, consisting of scattered spindle cells and some histiocytes and lymphocytes against a myxoid background, was seen in 14 cases. Fibrillary stroma was seen in 12 cases. The tumor cells had spindle- or oval-shaped nuclei, with pointed ends and indistinct cell borders. Nuclear palisading was seen in 10 cases, and distinctive Verocay bodies were seen in 5 cases. In ancient schwannomas, there were no Verocay bodies. Most schwannomas have distinct cytomorphologic features that allow correct diagnosis. The major problem with fine needle aspiration cytology of these tumors is the high frequency of poor cellularity, particularly in lesions with cystic degeneration. Of 7 cases with insufficient specimen, 4 showed marked cystic changes and 1 showed marked hyaline changes on histologic sections. In conclusion, we believe that if cytopathologist reminds the situation such as cystic degeneration or hyaline degeneration, the correct diagnosis of the schwannoma will be easily made.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Histiocytes ; Hyalin ; Lymphocytes ; Neurilemmoma

With advances in target therapy, molecular analysis of tumors is routinely required for treatment decisions in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Liquid biopsy refers to the sampling and analysis of circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) in various body fluids, primarily blood. Because the technique is minimally invasive, liquid biopsies are the future in cancer management. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ctDNA tests have been performed in routine clinical practice in advanced NSCLC patients to guide tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. In the near future, liquid biopsy will be a crucial prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic method in NSCLC. Here we present the current status and future perspectives of liquid biopsy in NSCLC.

No abstract available.
Blister ; Immunoglobulin A ; Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis ; Skin Diseases ; Vancomycin

The recurrence of viral hepatitis B or C after liver transplantation is almost universal but their clinical courses and outcomes are vary widely. We investigated four cases of rapidly progressive and fatal recurrent viral hepatitis following liver transplantation, which were rapidly progressive and fatal. Case 1 was a 58-year-old male, who developed recurrent viral hepatitisC. Case 2, 3, and 4 were a 59-year-old female, a 42-year-old male, and a 50-year-old male, respectively, who developed recurrent viral hepatitis B. In cases 1 and 2, the histopathological features of the first liver biopsies were prominent ballooning degeneration of the hepatocytes but later biopsies revealed significant lobular activity. Case 3 began with a marked fatty change and mild lobular and porto-periportal activity and progressed to severe lobular activity and septal fibrosis. In case 4, the first liver biopsy revealed minimal lobular activity but the second biopsy revealed severe lobular activity.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence

Intraosseous lipoma is a benign tumor that originates from proliferating mature lipocytes. It often occurs in the metaphysis of long bones of the lower extremity, and also in the calcaneus, humerus, mandible, sacrum, and rib bones. Frequently, it involutes spontaneously through a process of infarction, calcification, and cyst formation. It can either present as pain, or be asymptomatic and only discovered through an incidental radiological finding. In our case, the patient presented with heel pain. Intraoperatively, it was found that the intraosseous cavity was filled with fat along with an adjacent but separate area of cystic degeneration. There was also a cortical perforation at the cystic lesion which was communicating with the subtalar joint. This cortical breach is most likely the cause of diffuse lateral heel pain experienced by our patient, and such a pathological fracture due to intraosseous lipoma has never been reported.
Adipocytes ; Bone Neoplasms ; Calcaneus ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Heel ; Humans ; Humerus ; Infarction ; Lipoma* ; Lower Extremity ; Mandible ; Ribs ; Sacrum ; Subtalar Joint

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a proliferation of B-cells associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection as a complication of immunosuppression, especially by FK506. We investigated four cases of PTLD which developed either in allografts or in other organs. Case 1 was a 38-year-old woman, who developed monomorphic PTLD in a kidney 7 years and 7 months after renal transplantation. Case 2 was a 37-year-old man, who developed monomorphic PTLD in the right submandibular lymph node 4 months after liver transplantation. Case 3 was a 60-year-old man, who developed monomorphic PTLD in the liver 8 months after liver transplantation. Case 4 was a 2-year-old female child, who developed polymorphic PTLD in the colon, liver, and mesenteric lymph node 10 months after liver transplantation. FK506 was administered to case 4. EBV was identified in the tissues of all cases by immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization.
Adult ; Allografts ; B-Lymphocytes ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colon ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunosuppression ; In Situ Hybridization ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders* ; Middle Aged ; Tacrolimus

No abstract available.
Malacoplakia* ; Umbilical Cord*