We retrospectively reviewed the results of nine children who were less than sixteen years old and in whom partial or total arthroscopic meniscectomy was performed for symptomatic discoid meniscus in eleven knees between March 1991 and February 1997. On arthroscopic findings, there were two complete and eight incomplete type of lateral discoid menisci and one medial discoid meniscus. Among eleven cases, partial meniscectomy was performed in seven and total meniscectomy in four. The average duration of follow-up was two and a half years (range, one to five years). In this study, arthroscopic total meniscectomy was superior to partial meniscectomy for a symptomatic discoid meniscus including pain, click and locking in children. Therefore, arthroscopic meniscectomy may offer the best prognosis following accurate diagnosis in children.
Child* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of wavefront-optimized (WFO) and topography-guided (TG) transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (transPRK) in the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods: Patients who underwent transPRK using the WaveLight EX500 excimer laser for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism between January 2022 and March 2023 were divided into groups of WFO transPRK (77 eyes of 36 patients) or TG transPRK (63 eyes of 31 patients) in this retrospective, observational cohort study. The preoperative and postoperative 3-month refractive and visual outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. Results: In both groups, the uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.0 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or better in 95% of eyes 3 months postoperatively, and the mean manifest refraction spherical equivalent was within ±1.0 diopter in 90% of eyes. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of the uncorrected distance visual acuity or astigmatism. A significant induction of higher order aberrations (HOAs) was observed in both groups. However, the induction of total corneal HOAs (p = 0.014) and spherical aberrations (p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the TG group than that in the WFO group. Conclusions WFO and TG transPRK effectively improved the visual and refractive outcomes; however, the induction of total corneal HOAs and spherical aberration was lesser following the TG ablation.

A male, 3.5 month old Pomeranian dog was diagnosed with a natural infection of Crenosoma (C.) vulpis in Daejeon, Korea. First stage larvae of C. vulpis were detected by fecal examination using the Baermann technique. Thoracic radiographs revealed mild, pervasive bronchial infiltration of the lung. Enumeration of larvae via the McMaster technique revealed 1,600 larvae per gram of feces. The dog was treated with mebendazole, and clinical symptoms were resolved 2 weeks post-treatment, as indicated by the subject presenting fecal tests negative for C. vulpis.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Feces ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Lung ; Male ; Mebendazole

Tracheopathia osteoplastica(TO) is a rare, clinical and pathologic benign condition of unknown cause and characterized by submucosal cartilaginous or bony projections into tracheobroncheal lumen, usually not involved posterior membranous portion of tracheobroncheal tree. We report two cases of tracheopathia osteoplastica that involved trachea and both main bronchus, diagnosed by chest CT, fiberoptic bronchoscopic biopsy.
Biopsy ; Bronchi ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea

Despite being a very new field, forensic imaging is rapidly being used in forensic medical practices around the world. Computed tomography images are being produced and used for many reasons. Forensic imaging is being used for preliminary examination of serious findings before a routine autopsy, as it might help to give positive proof in some cases. Some major preliminary findings, such as brain hemorrhage, cardiac tamponade, or aortic dissection, can then be substantiated with the results of the physical autopsy. Forensic imaging techniques may also provide additive evidence about the cause of death such as pneumothorax, ileus, gas embolism, and aspiration that are difficult to detect with the traditional surgical autopsy techniques. Forensic imaging is also proving useful outside the autopsy room; forensic anthropologists and odontologists are using images to help them determine the age, sex, and even lifestyle of human specimens. Finally, forensic images have also begun to function as a form of record keeping in complex cases.
Autopsy* ; Cardiac Tamponade ; Cause of Death ; Embolism, Air ; Humans ; Ileus ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Life Style ; Pneumothorax

BACKGROUND: Clinical findings, medical history and laboratory findings in patients with acute pyelonephritis are insufficient to predict the occurrence of septic shock and to assess its severity and prognosis. Early imaging may not only aid in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, but also help in assessing the risk factors associated with septic shock. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records and collected the data of 200 patients from January to December, 2011. All patients were over 18 years old; showed symptoms of fever, chills, muscle pain and flank pain; demonstrated more than 10 white blood cells in urinalysis; and were diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis after computed tomography (CT) scan. Patients were classified into two groups: patients with septic shock (group 1) and patients without septic shock (group 2), and the clinical, laboratory and CT findings of the two groups were then compared. RESULTS: Out of all 200 patients, there were 32 patients (16%) who had acute pyelonephritis with septic shock. The acute pyelonephritis with septic shock group (group 1) showed increased bacteremia compared with the other group (53.1% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.002). Laboratory findings showed that group 1 patients had higher serum creatinine (1.67 +/- 1.03 mg/dl vs. 1.14 +/- 0.98 mg/dl, p = 0.022) and hsCRP (8.36 +/- 5.29 mg/dl vs. 5.27 +/- 3.53 mg/dl, p = 0.000) than group 2 patients. The findings of kidney CT showed statistically significant differences in global renal enlargement (31.3% vs. 18.7%, p = 0.005), pelvicalyceal wall thickening (37.5% vs. 13.1%, p = 0.005) and poor excretion of contrast (25% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.000). The results of the logistic regression test showed that there were significant differences in bacteremia serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, pelvicalyceal wall thickening and poor excretion of contrast. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography can predict the possibility of septic shock by identifying the range of renal lesions in patients with acute pyelonephritis. It can therefore allow initial aggressive treatment that can contribute to decreases in mortality and morbidity in patients with acute pyelonephritis.
Bacteremia ; C-Reactive Protein ; Chills ; Creatinine ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Leukocytes ; Logistic Models ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Muscles ; Prognosis ; Pyelonephritis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Shock, Septic* ; Urinalysis

Purpose: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a machine learning-based radiomics model for distinguishing tumor response and overall survival in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) treated with targeted biological therapy. Methods: We prospectively recruited 17 patients with unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer, who had been given targeted biological therapy as the first line of treatment. All patients underwent liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) three times up until 8 weeks after chemotherapy. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of machine learning-based radiomics model in tumor response of liver MRI compared with the guidelines for the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Overall survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared to the Cox proportional hazard ratios following univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Performance measurement of the trained model through metrics showed the accuracy of the machine learning model to be 76.5%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.857 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.605–0.976; P < 0.001). For the patients classified as non-progressing or progressing by the radiomics model, the median overall survival was 17.5 months (95% CI, 12.8–22.2), and 14.8 months (95% CI, 14.2–15.4), respectively (P = 0.431, log-rank test). Conclusion Machine learning-based radiomics models could have the potential to predict tumor response in patients with unresectable CRLM treated with biologic therapy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), as opposed to bare metal stents (BMS), have been shown to markedly reduce restenosis. However, many clinical trials have excluded the subset of patients (pts) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes following SES implantation in ESRD pts. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the clinical outcomes in 50 pts from our registry following SES implantation, and compared the outcomes between those with ESRD receiving SES (SES-ESRD) and BMS (BMS-ESRD), and with non-ESRD pts following SES implantation (SES-non ESRD). RESULTS: A comparison of the SES-ESRD (50 pts, 72 lesions) with BMS-ESRD groups (42 pts, 45 lesions); those in the SES-ESRD group included; diabetes 78%, hypertension 94% and age 62+/-10 years. Those in the SES-ESRD group were more likely to have diabetes (diabetes of BMS-ESRD, 57%; p=0.04). The reference vessel diameters (RVD) of the SES-ESRD group were smaller (2.76+/-0.50 mm vs. 3.05+/-0.46 mm, p<0.001), but the lesion length was longer (25.6+/-7.0 mm vs. 19.1+/-8.8 mm, p<0.001) than those of the BMS-ESRD group. The SES-ESRD group had a lower 1-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate than the BMS-ESRD group (6.0% vs. 33.3%; p<0.001). There were no differences in mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction between the two groups. The incidence of target vessel revascularization decreased significantly in the SES-ESRD group (2.0% vs. 19.0%, p=0.01). From a multivariate regression analysis, the use of SES was the only significant independent predictor of MACE (OR=0.054, 95% confidence interval 0.01 to 0.26, p<0.001). A comparison with SES-non ESRD group in our total registry (644 pts, 758 lesions); MACE in the SES-ESRD group (6.0%) was higher than in the SES-non ESRD group (3.1%), but there was no statistical significance (p=0.23). CONCLUSION: Compared with BMS, SES caused an improvement in the clinical outcomes in pts with ESRD.
Angioplasty* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Stents*

Tubulointerstitial nephritis is one of the common manifestations of immunoglobulin G (IgG)4-related disease; however, among all cases of tubulointerstitial nephritis undergoing renal biopsies, IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis seems to be relatively rare because of its trivial urinary findings. A previously healthy 54-year-old man was referred to our clinic with a 4-week history of lower leg purpura and renal dysfunction. A kidney biopsy was planned because of bilateral renomegaly, by imaging studies, and elevated serum creatinine levels. Pathological findings in the kidney showed prominent infiltration of IgG4-postive plasma cells in the tubulointerstitium, but not the glumeruli. A skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, accompanied by deposition of IgA and C3 in the vascular wall, indicating Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP). Although cases of combined IgG4-related disease and microvasculitis, including HSP, are extremely rare, the possibility of an association between two diseases deserves attention.
Biopsy ; Creatinine ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Kidney ; Leg ; Middle Aged ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Plasma Cells ; Purpura ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch* ; Skin ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether early CT scans are useful for improving the clinical management of acute biliary pancreatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 56 consecutive patients who experienced first attack of acute pancreatitis and underwent CT scans within 48 hours of symptom onset in the emergency department, between March 2015 and March 2016. CT images were retrospectively evaluated for absence or presence, and etiology of acute pancreatitis, and probability of biliary pancreatitis. Urgent procedures for acute pancreatitis were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 56 patients, 54 (96.4%) showed acute pancreatitis and 23 (41.1%) had biliary pancreatitis on CT. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CT-diagnosed biliary pancreatitis were 94.6% (53/56), 91.7% (22/24), and 96.9% (31/32), respectively. Of the 56 patients, 17 (30.4%) patients with biliary pancreatitis underwent urgent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) within 72 hours (mean time interval between CT and ERCP: 25.5 ± 19.8 hours; range: 2–67 hours). There was a significant difference in the urgent procedures between non-biliary and biliary pancreatitis groups (0 of 32 vs. 17 of 24, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Early CT may be used in patients visiting hospital with suspected acute biliary pancreatitis to facilitate urgent treatment.