We reviewed the knee radiographs of 68 cases of arthroscopically-proven discoid lateral meniscus to evaluate usefulness of plain radiographs in diagnosing discoid lateral meniscus. The subject included 42 cases of complete type and 26 cases of incomplete type discoid lateral meniscus. Knee radiographs of 70 cases which had no pathology of the meniscus in knee arthroscopy were used as controls. We excluded patients who had a significant history of trauma and who were under 16 years of age or over 60 to avoid measuring radiographs of skeletally immature or degenerative knees. The absolute values and relative normalized values of specific knee dimensions such as a squared-off appearance of the lateral femoral condyle, widened femorotibial joint space, cupping of the lateral tibial plateau, obliquity of the lateral tibial plateau articular surface, high fibular head and hypoplasia of the Iateral intercondylar spine in discoid lateral meniscus and normal controls were compared. Among these dimensions, high fibular head and widened lateral tibiofemoral joint space showed statistically significant difference between the discoid lateral meniscus group and normal control group. We suggest that these findings could be useful in screening lateral discoid meniscus in plain radiographs.
Arthroscopy ; Head ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee* ; Mass Screening ; Menisci, Tibial* ; Pathology ; Spine

No abstract available.
Tibia*

No abstract available.
Skull Base* ; Skull*

No abstract available.
Drainage*

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

Two hundred twenty premature infants who were inhalated 02 and under 2500mg birth weight or under 37 weeks of gestational age were examined from January 1990 to June 1991. We performed clinical analysis and results were as follows. 1. Thirty one infants (14.1 %) were diagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity. 2. Male patients were 17 (54.8%) and female patients were 14 (46.2%). There was no significant difference in incidence between male and female (X2=0.01, p>0.05). 3. The first examination was performed at 2.4 weeks cf life in average, and the retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed at 4.8 weeks in average. 4. Stage 2 was detected in 10 patients (32.3%) and stage 3 was detected in 6 patients (19.4%). 5. Plus sign was found in 2 patients (19%) with stage 2 and 6 patients (100%) with stage 3. 6. The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was highly associated with low birth weight (<1200gm), small gestational age (<30 weeks), and oxygen concentration (>or=60%). 7. Other associated possible risk factors were hyperbilirubinemia, idiopathic respiratoty distress syndrome, anemia, apnea and transfusion.
Anemia ; Apnea ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Oxygen ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: One of the most, probable pathogenesis of vitiliga is autoimmune. Systemic cor tico st,eroids suppress immunity and may arrest the progression of vitiligo and lead to repigmentation. OBJECTIVE: We have assessed the clinical effect of a oral small oral dose of corticosteroid to minimize side effects in vitiligo patients. METHODS: Thirty four patients(9;male, 25;female) with vitiligo were evaluated in this study. The patients took 7.5mg-20mg prednisolone initially for 2 months and then the dosage was tapered to half of the initial dosiat the 3rd month and half of dose of 3rd month for the last 4th month. We compared the effcct of treatment of vitiligo before and aft.er the study by photographs. and side efferts were issessed at. 1, 2, 3 and 4 month. RESULTS: The arrest of the progression of vitiligo was noticed in 79% of patients and repigmentation was noticed in 59% of patients which is statistically significant. The effect, of treatment according to extent, duiation, type, and site of vitiligo were not statistically significant. The side effects of treatment were minimal and did not affect the course of treatment. CONCLUSION: Small doses of iral corticosteroids are effective without any significant side effects in preventing progression and loiiduce repigmentation of active spreading vitiligo and generalized type of vitiligo that is difficult to treat with topical corticosteroids.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Humans ; Prednisolone ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Hypertension, Pulmonary*

PURPOSE: During the night time decision making on patients suspicious of appendicitis is often difficult because diagnosis and timing for operation are frequently delayed. Therefore, we analyzed above cases and solution is suggested. METHODS: This retrospective study included 360 patients who underwent laparotomies for suspected appendicitis at Hanil Hospital during one year, from March 1998 to Feb. 1999. They were divided into two groups according to presenting time to physician (Day time: 6 a.m. to 6 p.m., Night time: 6 p.m. to 6 a.m.). Sex & age distribution, time of presentation to physician, duration of symptoms, symptoms & physical findings, white blood cell counts, interval from presentation to operation, hospital stay, and pathologic diagnosis were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in sex & age distribution, duration of symptoms, symptoms & physical findings, white blood cell counts, pathologic diagnosis between the two groups. However, during the night time, the interval from presentation to operation was longer than that of the day time (9.15 hours versus 4.83 hours, p<0.001), the rate of delayed appendectomy during the night was 58.0%, the rate of negative laparotomy increased when appendectomy was delayed for more than 12 hours compared with less than 12 hours (28.1% vs 11.7%, p<0.01), and in the cases with perforated appendicitis, delayed appendectomy for more than 12 hours had longer hospital stay compared with less than 12 hours (12 days vs 9.44 days, p<0.01). Factors causing delayed appendectomy were related to the physician (42.5%), lack of anesthetic & nursing supports (19.5%), failure to structure the operation team (20.7%), and patient itself (17.3%). When white blood cell counts were rechecked in the next morning, levels above 10,000 cells/mm3 were highly associated with appendicitis in contrast to that below 10,000 cells/mm3 (91.7% vs 43.5%, p<0.002).
Age Distribution ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis* ; Decision Making ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Leukocyte Count ; Nursing ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND : Treatment of a severe burn injury with total parenteral nutrition can produce bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes through the intestinal mucosa due to permeability changes. Early enteral feeding will help to restore the mucosal barrier function. Certain nutrients may have a beneficial effect on bacterial translocation and gut immunity. METHODS : We choose the glutamine and korean cabbage as dietary factors to study the beneficial effect on gut immunity of feeding different dietary formulations of low amino acid concentrated total parenteral nutritional fluids in burned rats. Forty-eight (48) male pathogen-free Sprague-Dowley rats were allocated in 4 groups(group A, control chow diet and water ad libitum; group B, oral TPN diet; group C, oral TPN diet supplemented with 2% glutamine; and group D, oral TPN diet supplemented with korean cabbage). All groups, except control group A, recieved 40% total body surface area, full-thickness burn injury. Group A received sham burn injury. Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, the cecal bacterial population level, the intestinal mucosal protein content, and the total IgA of the intestinal luminal washing fluid were measured and light-microscope changes of the small intestine were observed in the rats on the 4th and the 7th days after corresponding diet intake. RESULTS : The incidence of bacterial translocation in the oral TPN diet group B was reduced signifi cantly compared with control group A and glutamine supplemented group C on 4th day postburn (p< 0.05) The cecal bacterial population level of control group A showed significant lower values, compared with the other groups, in total aerobic (on 4th day p<0.01, on 7th day p<0.01) and gram-negative enterics species (on 4th day p<0.01, on 7th day p<0.05). The mucosal protein amount per cm of length of intestine was decreased slightly in groups B, C, and D, compared with the control group A, but without statistical significance, on the 7th day postburn. The total (serum and secretary) IgA per cm of length of intestine was increased significantly in the glutamine-supplemented group C and the cabbage- sup plemented group D on the 7th day postburn, compared with the oral TPN group B (p<0.05). However,there was no corresponding decrease in the bacterial translocation ratio or the cecal bacterial population level. Histologic observations on the 4th and the 7th days of glutamine-supplemented group C & cabbage- supplemented group D revealed increases in the villous height, and the numbers of villous cells and goblet cells, compared with the oral TPN group B. A slight desquamation of the villous cells was observed in the cabbage-supplemented group on the 7th day. CONCLUSION : In summary, early enteral feeding is not sufficient to avoid bacterial translocation. Certain nutritional factors such as glutamine are helpful in overcoming the bacterial translocation in burned rats. Korean cabbage was beneficial became promoted an IgA increase in the intestine without a direct effect on the bacterial translocation.
Animals ; Bacterial Translocation* ; Body Surface Area ; Brassica ; Burns ; Diet ; Enteral Nutrition ; Food, Formulated ; Glutamine* ; Goblet Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Incidence ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Intestine, Small ; Intestines ; Lymph Nodes* ; Male ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Permeability ; Phenobarbital ; Rats* ; Water