No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Phosphorus*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive*

The purpose of this study is the present the short rerm result of arthroscopic reconstruction for PCL injury. Since January l990, authors have implanted the synthetic polyester ligament (ABC ligament, Surgicraft, U.K) into the substance of ruptured PCL proper under arthroscopic control. The follow up period ranged from 24 months to 61 months (average,35months). The main cause of injuries were traffic accidents in 38. Thirtyfive of patient were men and three were women, range in age from 18 to 70 years (average, 37 years). 18 were acute injury and operated at average 12 days after injury and 20 knee were chronic injury and operated at average 9 months after injury. There were 25 case that had combined ligament injuries (l2 ACL injury, ]0 MCL injury, 8 LCL injury elc). In 15 knees, the tear was in the mid substance area and in 13 it was near femoral attach site and in lO it was near tibial attach site. Postoperative result were evaluated by roentgenographic evaluation of posterior sagging, KT-20 (0 arthrometer and Lysholm knee score. Difference were improved from 12.5 mm (mean: pre.op) to 3.8m (mean: post.op) on posterior drawer test. Both knee showedminimal difference on KT-20N) study (2.l mm on 201b) at the time of follow up. The average Lysholm knee score were 84.7. By Clancy criteria, the result were exceflent 9 case (24%), good in 20 case (53%), fair in 7 case (18'Po) and failui e in 2 case (5%). On based of this study, arthroscopic augmentation with ABC ligament in PCL injury is very effective treatment but more longer follow-up and more case must he needed to accept this method.
Accidents, Traffic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments* ; Male ; Polyesters* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available in English.
Acetabulum

The intravenous administration of midazolam is widely used as sedative premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. We performed a study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of midazoiam as premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Between June 1995 and October 1995, 112 patients of diagnostic esophago-gastroduodenoseopy were enrolled in the study. The patients were recieved a bolus midazolam 0.~03mg/kg or placebo, followed by typical anesthesia. The blood pressure, pulse and oximeter values were monitored. The systolic blood pressure and heart rate were increased during endoscopy in compared with before premedication, and normalized immediately. There was no significant change of arterial oxygen saturation. Midazolam induced amnesia completely in 49.2% and partially in 27.2%, and all patients were recovered completely in 1 hour. The tolerance score is higher in the midazolam group as compared with the placebo group(p<0.05), and midazolam group would accept the same sedation for repeated endoscopies(p<0.01). We conclude that midazolam has beneficial effects as premedication for upper gastrointastinal endoscopy without significant altteration in cardiopulmonary parameters. This suggest that midazolam may be used more frequently as premedication, especially in the cases of repeated endoscopy.
Administration, Intravenous ; Amnesia ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Midazolam* ; Oxygen ; Premedication*

BACKGROUNDS: An inhibitory effect of magnesium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (VC-PMG, a stable derivative of ascorbic acid) on melanogenesis has been described. Furthermore, glabridin in licorice is known to have inhibitory effects on melanogenesis and widely used for raw materials for depigmenting agents. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study are to provide objective data by measuring the visual clinical effects of VC-PMG with the colorimeter and to promote the development of de-pigmenting agents. METHODS: 20 volunteers joined the study. With an artificial UVB irradiation, eight tanned areas were made on the inner side of the forearm. During two months, each tanned area was treated with five whitening cosmetics with 3% VC-PMG and increasing concentration of licorice from 0% to 3%. Darkness degree of each area was measured weekly by the colorimeter and the visual assessment. RESULTS: For all cosmetics, whitening effect was measured by colorimeter and visual as-sessment. The cosmetic containing VC-PMG 3% and licorice 1% had more whitening effect than any other cosmetics of different concentrations. Moreover, VC-PMG 3% alone also had whitening effect in some volunteers. CONCLUSION: VC-PMG was clinically found to have whitening effect.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Darkness ; Forearm ; Glycyrrhiza ; Magnesium* ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl ; Vitamins* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Urolithiasis*

The main goals of treatment of malignant bone tumor are the prolongation of life survival and the improvement of quality of life. In growing children, however, leg length discrepancy (LLD) is one of major problem in the treatment of malignant bone tumors. Therefore, the precise understanding of growth in children is essential, and the prediction of LLD is critical in deciding the time and options of surgery. In addition, to use the adequate method of growth expectation, periodic follow-up and collaboration with patient's parents are needed.
Child ; Cooperative Behavior ; Humans ; Leg ; Life Support Care ; Parents ; Quality of Life

The serodiagnostic test of syphilis employed with the greatest freguency in this country is the VDRL procedure which is one of the flocculation test utilizing cardiolipin-lecithin as an antigen. As well known, the immunologically nonspecific nature of this test relegates it only to screening test, so that all the sera displaying weakly reactive or reactive VDRL in the absence of definite evidence of present or past syphilis should be confirmed by using the specific treponemal antigen tests. However, there are only lirnited numbers of institutions at which the specific treponemal antigen tests are carried out, because the tests usually need quite coaiplicatnl technology and specifically trained personnel. The Treponema. pallidum hema.gglutination assay (TPHA) which was first described by Rathlev in 1965 and established as more improved and standardized procedure in serodia,gnosis of syphilis by Tornizaxva and Kasamatsu (1966) has been found to h as sensitive and specific as the technically more complicated Fluorescent treponemaI antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) or Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) po cedure by rnany investigators from different parts of the world during these 10 years. The TPHA has also been found to have definite advantage over the other tests because it is easy to perform and economic. The present authors felt. that the TPHA meight be the most reasonable method to be used in this country and decided to evaluate it in the serodiagnosis of problem cases. Sera from 516 presumed normal persons, 686 pregnant women ancl 1345 patients with various diseases other than syphilis were screened with the standard VDRL procedure as described and recommanded by USPHS. Out of these, 475 of t.he presumed normal persons, 646 of the pregnant women and 1243 of the patient group wit;h various diseases other than syphilis v;ere serologically nonreactive and 10, 12 and Rl sera from each of the above groups, respectively, were found to be true syphilitc with definite evidence of clinical signs or history of syphilis. Thirty-one out of the presumed normal persons, 28 out of the pregnant women and 71 out of the patient group with various diseases other than syphilis showed either weakly reactive or reactive VDRI, in undiluted sera without definite evidence of syphilis and these 130 sera from 130 persons were the subject of the present study. The TPHA was carried out on these 130 sera. according to the ma.nual MEA-TP instructed by National Institute of Health, Japan. The reagents used in this study rvere rnanufactured and supplied hy the Fujizoki Pharmaceutical Co. Ten (32.3%) out of the R1 sera from preaumed normal persons, 11 (39.4%) out of the 28 sera from pregna.nt women a.nd 28 (69.4%) out of the patient group with various disea ses other then syphilis showed reactive TPHA. Eighty-seven of the total 130 sera showed weakly reactive VDRL so called rough result and 19 (21.8%) Of these 87 sera showed reactive TPHA, while 30(69.8%) of the 43 sera which showed reactive VDRL were found to be TPHA reactive. These results arc in general agreement with those of other investigators confirmed by the more complicated FTA-ABS or TPI. The overall incidence of syphilis was 3.87%, 3.35% and 4.38% in presumed normal persons, in pregnant women and in patient group with various diseases other than syphilis respectively. Considering the relative lack of study concerning to the false positive reactions in this country, these results may be helpful to the clinician to rnake a cert.ain diagnostic decision when they meet such a patient whose VDRL is weakly reactive or reactive in the absence of definite evidence of syphilis. The authors concluded that: the MHA-TP technique is easy in performance, economic and highly specific in serodiagnosis and that this technique is highly recommanded in this country. * The authors thank Fujizoki Pharrnaceutical Company, Tokyo, Japan which provided the TPHA reagents used in this study.
Absorption ; Bezafibrate ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Flocculation Tests ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Indicators and Reagents ; Japan ; Mass Screening ; Pregnant Women ; Research Personnel ; Serologic Tests* ; Syphilis* ; Treponema ; Treponema pallidum ; United States Public Health Service

The lower ureter is not so frequent site of the urinary tract obstruction. In lower ureteral obstruction, the obstruction should be relieved by any method for maintaining renal parenchyme. A clinical studies were made on the 24 ureters of the lower ureteral obstruction. This studies were mainly focused on the method of management by internal stent indwelling. The following results were obtained. 1. In etiology, acquired lower ureteral strictures were most common ; tuberculosis in 10 ureters, radiation in 6 ureters, pelvic lymphadenopathy in 4 ureters, and iatrogenic stricture in 3 ureters. Congenital UVJ stricture was only one ureter. 2. In the method of management, open surgeries were done in 10 ureters and endourologic methods in 14 ureters. 3. In 5 failures of the first management, open surgeries were done in 3 ureters and endourologic methods in 2ureters. The tuberculosis was the most of their etiology. 4. Complications in internal stent indwelled cases were flank pain, severe vesical irritation, migration into the bladder and the obstruction of the lumen of stent.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Flank Pain ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Stents* ; Tuberculosis ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract