No abstract available.
Colon* ; Rectum*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to present the basic reference data of age and sex specific gait parameters for Korean adults. METHOD: The basic gait parameters were extracted from 70 healthy adults, 38 men and 32women, 21 to 69 years of age using VICON 340 Motion Analyzer. RESULTS: The temporal gait parameters and kinematic parameters of Korean adults were similar to other western reference data. CONCLUSION: Significant sex differences exist in the maximal pelvic tilting, pelvic internal rotation and foot internal rotation and plantar flexion. There is a statistically significant age variability for the hip and knee flexion at stance phase.
Adult* ; Foot ; Gait* ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Sex Characteristics

Urethral stricture is a disorder with multiple etiologies and many recognized forms of treatment. It is often accompanied by dysuria, urinary retention, hemorrhage and sepsis. The treatment for urethral stricture most commonly has been urethral dilation. Herein we present a case of patch graft urethroplasty in a 24-year-old male patient with anterior urethral stricture.
Dysuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Sepsis ; Transplants* ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Retention ; Young Adult

Renal angiography has applications in the diagnosis of renal tumor and renovascular hypertension, and provides important anatomical information that can influence the surgical management. Recently the approach to the vascular system for diagnosis by means of Seldinger technique hag been expended to include a variety of therapeutic manner. So, embolization of renal carcinoma is being used with increasing frequency. Radiologic findings associated with presenting symptoms and signs were analysed in 51 cases of renal angiography, during the period of October 1978 to October 1982. The following results were obtained. 1. Male to female ratio was approximately 1:1 and peak incidence was in the sixth decade. 2. The main symptoms and signs of patients were hematuria, flank pain, hypertension and palpable mass, in order of frequency. 3. In 7 hypertensive patients with delayed visualization on the excretory urogram. angiography shows 2 cases of renal artery stenosis, one case of Takayasu's disease and absence of abnormal vasculature in 4 cases. 4. It is suggested most valuable technique for correct diagnosis of renal vascular disease. some of other congenital anomalies, and renal vascular mapping for renal surgery.
Angiography* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Renovascular ; Incidence ; Male ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; Vascular Diseases

The purpose of this epidemiological study is data for incidence of external genitalia anomaly in Korean male infants. 148 cases with external genitalia anomaly were found of total 1920 live male infants (including 132 low birth weights), except 48 still births, born in the hospital of Ewha Woman's University. The following results were obtained. 1. Total incidence of congenital anomaly was 7.5%. Undescended testes (4.5%), hydrocele (2.8%), hypospadia (0.2%) and bifid scrotum (0.1%) were found in order in frequency. 2. Imperfect descent of the testis was found in 88 infants. There were about 32.5% in infant under 2,500gm and about 2.5% in infant over 2,500gm. In 47 boys (30 low birth weights or 64% of the total) the imperfect descent was bilateral, and in 41 (29 low birth weights or 29% of the total) it was unilateral. Of the 41 unilateral cases, 22 were right sided. 54% of the total had been palpable at the external inguinal ring, 37% at the top of the scrotum and 10% had been not palpable. There were no significant differences either between distribution of birth order and incidence of undescended testes. But, their incidence was higher below 19 year-old group and above 35 year-old group in maternal age. Between March and May more boys were born with undescended testis, while their occurrence was considerably lower in November. 3. 90% of hydrocele was found in full term and right side had six times greater than left side. 4. Hypospadia was found in 4 cases of 1920 live male births. The associated anomalies were undescended testes in two cases and imperforate anus in one case. In the 2 cases, it was found at penoscrotal junction and 2 cases were glandular and penile type.
Adult ; Anus, Imperforate ; Birth Order ; Cryptorchidism ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Genitalia* ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Inguinal Canal ; Male* ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Scrotum ; Testis ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Tendons*

Although we managed a patient with traumatic endophthalmitis with potent antibiotics for 7 days topically and systemically, her clinical symtoms and signs did not improved and her visual activity decreased from hand motion to light perception. So, we performed pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy using the Ocutome(R) and Frognatome(TM) and achieved a successful result with final visual acuity of 50 cm finger count or better without evidence of phthisis bulbi in this case.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Endophthalmitis* ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy*

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter spp. acquire antimicrobial agent-resistance genes via class 1 integrons. In this study, integrons were characterized to investigate the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of MDR Acinetobacter isolates. In addition, the relationship between the integron type and integron-harboring bacterial species was analyzed by using epidemiological typing methods. METHODS: Fifty-six MDR Acinetobacter spp.-A. baumannii (N=30), A. bereziniae (N=4), A. nosocomialis (N=5), and A. pittii (N=17)-were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined on the basis of the results of the Epsilometer test (Etest). PCR and DNA sequencing was performed to characterize the gene cassette arrays of class 1 integrons. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence (REP)-PCR were performed for epidemiological typing. RESULTS: Class 1 integrons were detected in 50 (89.3%) of the 56 isolates, but no class 2 or 3 integron was found within the cohorts. The class 1 integrons were classified into 4 types: 2.3-kb type A (aacA4-catB8-aadA1), 3.0-kb type B (aacA4-blaI(MP-1)-bla(OXA-2)), 3.0-kb type C (bla(VIM-2)-aacA7-aadA1), and 1.8-kb type D (aac3-1-bla(OXA-2)-orfD). Type A was most prevalent and was detected only in A. baumannii isolates, except for one A. bereziniae isolate; however, type B was amplified in all Acinetobacter isolates except for A. baumannii isolates, regardless of clone and separation time of the bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: Although class 1 integron can be transferred horizontally between unrelated isolates belonging to different species, certain types of class 1 integrons tend to transfer horizontally and vertically among A. baumannii or non-baumannii Acinetobacter isolates.
Acinetobacter/drug effects/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology/microbiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry/metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Integrons/*genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Republic of Korea

This preliminary study was intended to clarify the effect of intraoperative fluid therapy on Acid-Base balance of the use of Hartmann's solution and 5% Dextrose solution. The arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure and oxygen partial pressure and pH are basic indices of the adequacy of ventilation in anesthetized patients, respiratory care and intensive care. In order to achieve this goal, the data collections were done at the Department of Anesthesia in Hanil Hospital from Mar., 1980 to Aug., 1980. The samplings, 20 cases, were included A.S.A. class I and II. We used 1,500 to 1,800cc/2hrs. of Hartmann's solution and 1,000cc/2hrs, of 5% Dextrose solution each 10 patients through the operative period. Observations were made for the followings; pH, PaCO2HCO-3. From the results of this study, there were no significant relationship between the use of 5% Dextrose solution and Hartmann's solution on Acid-Base balance during the intraoperative period.
Acid-Base Equilibrium* ; Anesthesia ; Carbon Dioxide ; Critical Care ; Fluid Therapy* ; Glucose* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intraoperative Period ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Ventilation

This study was designed to investigate the effect of diazepam on the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. Female rat (Sprague-Dawley) pretreated with oophorectomy and 4 days administration of estrogen. Weighing about 200 g, was sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the uteruses were isolated. A longitudinal muscle strip was placed in temperature controlled (37℃) muscle chamber containing Locke's solution and myographied isometrically. Diazepam inhibited the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus in a concentration-dependent manner. GABA, muscimol, a GABA A receptor agonist, bicuculline, a competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, picrotoxin, a non competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist, and delta-aminovaleric acid, a GABA B receptor antagonist, did not affect on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. The inhibitory actions of diazepam on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction were not affected by all the GABA receptor agonists and antagonists, but exceptionally potentiated by bicuculline. This potentiation-effect by bicuculline was not antagonized by muscumol. In normal calcium PSS, addition of calcium restored the spontaneous contraction preinhibited by diazepam and recovered the contractile of oxtrocin preinhibited by diazepam. A23187, a calcium inophore, enhanced the restoration of both the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction by addition of calcium. In calcium-free PSS, diazepam suppressed the restoration of spontaneous motility by addition of calcium but allowed the recovery of spontaneous motility to a considerable extent. Diazepam could not inhibit some development of contractility by oxytocin in calcium-free PSS, but inhibited the increase in contractility by subsequent addition of calcium. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of diazepam on the rat uterine motility does not depend on or related to GABA receptors and that diazepam inhibits the extracellular calcium influx to suppress the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contractilities.
Animals ; Baclofen ; Bicuculline ; Calcimycin ; Calcium ; Diazepam* ; Dislocations ; Estrogens ; Female ; GABA Agonists ; GABA-A Receptor Agonists ; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists ; GABA-B Receptor Agonists ; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Humans ; Muscimol ; Ovariectomy ; Oxytocin* ; Picrotoxin ; Rats* ; Receptors, GABA ; Uterus*