No abstract available.
Liver*

No Abstract Available.
Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy* ; Humans ; Life Style* ; Osteoporosis*

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most common intra-abdominal disease required surgery during the first few months of life. The expression of pyloric stenosis is dependent upon the genetic influence of ancestors affected with the disease, as well as unknown environmental influences in the postnatal period. Pyloric stenosis has been reported in multiple sibs in a family, which suggests the genetic influence on the expression of this disease. Until now, the genetic influence is thought a sex-modified polygenic or multifactorial background which facilitates the expression of a common dominant gene. We experienced a case of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in a two siblings. The siblings suffered projectile vomiting for 2~4 days at 16 days old of age and 15 days old of age. After we confirmed the diagnosis by upper gastrointestinal series and abdominal sonogram, the Fredet-Ramstedt pyloromyotomy was done successfully. This case suggests the genetic influence on the expression of this disease.
Diagnosis ; Genes, Dominant ; Humans ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Siblings* ; Vomiting

Although we managed a patient with traumatic endophthalmitis with potent antibiotics for 7 days topically and systemically, her clinical symtoms and signs did not improved and her visual activity decreased from hand motion to light perception. So, we performed pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy using the Ocutome(R) and Frognatome(TM) and achieved a successful result with final visual acuity of 50 cm finger count or better without evidence of phthisis bulbi in this case.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Endophthalmitis* ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy*

Spinal cord injury often leads to central neuropathic pain syndromes, such as allodynic and hyperalgesic behaviors. Electrophysiologically, spinal dorsal horn neurons show enhanced activity to non-noxious and noxious stimuli as well as increased spontaneous activity following spinal cord injury, which often called hyperexcitability or central sensitization. Under hyperexcitable states, spinal neurons lose their ability of discrimination and encoding somatosensory information followed by abnormal somatosensory recognition to non-noxious and noxious stimuli. In the present review, we summarize a variety of pathophysiological mechanisms of neuronal hyperexcitability for treating or preventing central neuropathic pain syndrome following spinal cord injury.
Animals ; Central Nervous System Sensitization ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Neuralgia ; Neurons ; Posterior Horn Cells ; Rats ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries

Staphylococci are known to produce catalase, but there have been a few case reports of catalase-negative Staphylococcus aureus. The present report describes the first case of catalase-negative S. aureus associated with vaselinoma to our knowledge. We isolated a catalase-negative strain of S. aureus from a penile wound of a 35-year-old man who injected with vaseline into his penis 9 months ago. Colony morphology and biochemical reactions of the strain were typical of S. aureus except for catalase. The patient was diagnosed as having vaselinoma with wound infection and was successfully treated by the surgical removal of the vaseline granuloma and the administration of appropriate antibiotics. Catalase-negative S. aureus is considered to be a very rare variant of S. aureus. To date the number of reported cases of catalase-negative S. aureus is very few, so further studies need to be conducted to evaluate its clinical relation.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catalase ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; Petrolatum ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Wound Infection* ; Wounds and Injuries*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the expression of MAGE gene and human papillomavirus (HPV) 16, 18 type in patients with cervical neoplasia using in exfoliated cervical cells. METHODS: The expression of common MAGE gene (MAGE 1 to 6) in cervical scraps was studied by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 12 normal control patient and 48 patients with abnormal cytologic results. In all 60 patients, colposcopic directed biopsy and HPV test by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done. RESULTS: The pathologic results of 60 patients was 12 cervicitis, 37 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (14 LSIL, 23 HSIL), and 11 invasive squamous cell carcinomas. No expression of common MAGE gene was detected in 12 cervical scraps of cervicitis. The common MAGE gene of LSIL, HSIL and invasive squamous cell carcinomas was expressed in two (14.3%), seventeen (73.9%), ten (90.9%) respectively. HPV type 16 or 18 was detected in 1 cervicitis, 5 LSIL, 20 HSIL and 10 invasive squamous cell carcinoma. In 51 patients (85%), the HPV test result and the common MAGE gene expression showed coincident results. CONCLUSION: This result suggests common MAGE gene might be potential tumor marker in cervical neoplasia and adjuvant test of the Papanicolaou smear.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Gene Expression ; Human papillomavirus 16* ; Humans* ; Papanicolaou Test ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uterine Cervicitis

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii is a fungus that has become an important cause of opportunistic infections. We present a summary of the clinical status and findings from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). METHODS: We selected 30 cases of PJP that were proven through a surgical specimen evaluation. BAL fluid cytology was reviewed, and agreement with the initial diagnosis was evaluated. RESULTS: All 30 cases of PJP occurred in immunocompromised patients. Only 15 of the 30 cases were initially diagnosed as PJP. We found PJP in 13 of the 15 cases that were negative at the initial diagnosis. The most characteristic finding of PJP was frothy exudates, and BAL fluid tended to show rare neutrophils. Two of seven patients with PJP and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) revealed no frothy exudates in BAL fluid. CONCLUSION: BAL fluid cytology was reconfirmed as a sensitive and rapid method to diagnose PJP. We must be aware of the possibility of PJP to maintain high diagnostic sensitivity. We cannot exclude PJP in cases of PJP with DAD, even if frothy exudates are not observed in the BAL fluid.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Exudates and Transudates ; Fungi ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Neutrophils ; Opportunistic Infections ; Pneumocystis ; Pneumocystis carinii ; Pneumocystis jirovecii ; Pneumonia

A 59-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo a robot-assisted distal gastrectomy under general anesthesia. During the operation, the vital signs were maintained in normal range. After 7 hours of surgery, the pulse oxymeter graph became flat and the end tidal CO2 concentration suddenly decreased. Palpation of the carotid artery revealed no heart beat but the EKG continued to show sinus rhythm. Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) was diagnosed. An advanced cardiopulmonary life support protocol for PEA was immediately initiated, which included chest compressions and doses of IV cardiovascular drugs. However, in spite of continuous CPR, the heart wasn't recovered from the arrest. We experienced cardiac arrest for pulseless electrical activity during robot-assisted distal gastrectomy.
Anesthesia, General ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Carotid Arteries ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Heart ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Middle Aged ; Palpation ; Peas ; Reference Values ; Thorax ; Vital Signs

STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVES: To report a case of diagnostic, clinical and radiologic follow-up of a non-traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation, caused by a non-traumatic inflammation or infectious diseases, has been branded as "Grisel's syndrome". However, the pathophysiology of the syndrome has not been clearly understood, and its diagnostic criteria and appropriate treatment plans are not established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient suffering from antlanto-axial subluxation without any neurological symptoms was treated with halter traction and Miami J brace. RESULTS: The patient maintained a normal reduction state, and a normal cervical movement was observed after undergoing 4 weeks of non-surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Early detection and treatment are essential and critical in avoiding catastrophic outcomes. It requires a combination of clinical assessment and appropriate radiographic imaging.
Communicable Diseases ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Stress, Psychological ; Traction