This study was performed to evaluate the effect of topical and intravenous heparin on thrombosis and patency in the microvascular anastomosis of the traumatized veins. Nine white rabbits weighing about 2kg were used. After exposure of both femoral veins, the veins were crushed by the jaws of smooth needle holder in order to create a thrombosis model. Transectional incision was made in the vein. The animals were then divided into 3 groups based on the administration method of heparin: 1) Experimental Group I, topical irrigation of lumen with heparin saline solution (n=6); 2) Experimental Group 2, topical irrigation of lumen with heparin saline solution and intravenous injection of heparin (0.75 mg/kg) via the marginal ear vein for 3 days; 3) Control Group, topical irrigation of lumen with saline solution (n=6). The patency was evaluated with empty-and-refill test and thrombus formation was judged by surgical microscope. The results were as follows: 1. Thirty minutes after microvascular anastomosis, the patency fall Experimental Groups was better than Control group. However, there was no significant difference among groups. 2. Three days after anastomosis, the patency of all Experimental Groups was much more improved than that of Control Group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between Experimental Group 1 and 2. 3. Three days after anastomosis, the amount of thrombus in all Experimental Groups was much less than that of Control Group (P<0.05). 4. In histologic findings a lot of luminal thrombus were observed around sutured area in Control Groups. Few luminal thrombus was observed in all Experimental Groups. Mild necrosis in the vessel wall was observed around sutured area in all specimens. These results indicate that topical irrigation of heparin may improve the patency and inhibit the formation thrombus in the microvascular anastomosis of the traumatized veins.
Animals ; Ear ; Femoral Vein ; Heparin* ; Injections, Intravenous ; Jaw ; Necrosis ; Needles ; Phenobarbital ; Rabbits ; Sodium Chloride ; Thrombosis* ; Veins

No abstract available.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Palate

No abstract available.
Female ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Ovary*

CT scans of 23 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were retropectively reviewed to determine the incidence of lymphatic spread and to access the pattern of regional lymph node metastases. The lymphatic spread were noted in 74%(17/23). The involved patterns of regional lymph node metastases were nodes of porta hepatis 65%, portocaval nodes 41%, superior pancreaticoduodenal nodes 47%, posterior pancreaticoduodenal nodes 59%, nodes around the celiac trunk 35%, nodes around the superior mesenteric artery 29% and paraaortic nodes 35%. The findings suggested that the pattern of regional lumph node metastases in gallbladder carcinoma occurred along the normal lymphatic pathway of the gallbladder.
Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes* ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

CT scans of 23 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were retropectively reviewed to determine the incidence of lymphatic spread and to access the pattern of regional lymph node metastases. The lymphatic spread were noted in 74%(17/23). The involved patterns of regional lymph node metastases were nodes of porta hepatis 65%, portocaval nodes 41%, superior pancreaticoduodenal nodes 47%, posterior pancreaticoduodenal nodes 59%, nodes around the celiac trunk 35%, nodes around the superior mesenteric artery 29% and paraaortic nodes 35%. The findings suggested that the pattern of regional lumph node metastases in gallbladder carcinoma occurred along the normal lymphatic pathway of the gallbladder.
Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes* ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Castleman disease is a relatively rare disease of differential diagnostic interest in patients with lymphadenophathy. The etiology and pathogenesis of the Castleman disease are still not elucidated and the MRI findings of disease has not yet been reported. Two patients with Castleman disease studied by MRI are presented: one case presented with a localized anterior mediastinal mass and the other case, with a neck mass. The lesions were characterized by relatively high signal intensities on both T1 and T2 weighted images in both cases, and significant degree of enhancement was seen in the cervical Castleman disease.
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neck ; Rare Diseases

OBJECTIVE: We aim to analyze each variable affecting FHR to build objective decision basis using canonical correlation analysis METHODS: The sixty four hundred and fifty five cases of NST from 1988 to 1997 at Hanyang University hospital were collected. We used FHR interpretation softwares, HYFM-I & II those were already developed by author, for extraction of each variable of FHR. We classified the variables into 2 groups, F.A.M(FHR, Amplitude, Mean minute range) and N.S.F(NST weeks, Signal loss, Fetal movement) groups. The Canonical correlation was compared between each variable and group. RESULTS: The canonical correlation between F.A.M & N.S.F are as follows; r=0.40 (p=0.001) in preterm, r=0.34 (p=0.001) in term, and r=0.41 (p=0.004) in postterm. The high linear dependency is shown as r=0.79 (p=0.013) before 23 weeks, the irregular changes shown from 23 weeks to 30 weeks (r=0.47 in 23-24 weeks, r=0.29 in 25-26 weeks, r=0.56 in 27-28 weeks, r=0.24 in 29-30 weeks) and the stable relative changes shown (about r=0.3-0.4) after 30 weeks (r=0.32 in 31-32 weeks, r=0.33 in 33-34 weeks, r=0.37 in 35-36, r=0.33 in 37-38 weeks, r=0.37 in 39-40 weeks, r=0.35 after 41 weeks) (p<0.02). In the linear correlation of FHR, two indicies of FHR variables, AMP and MMR pertaining to N.S.F., FHR(r) is 0.06, AMP and MMR seem to be identical as r=0.30 and then the canonization in term and postterm[FHR(r)=-0.27, AMR(r)=0.23, and MMR(r)=0.35]lies in the regular pattern. Moreover, there is rather a linear correlation between F.A.M and the gestational weeks in preterm and it is changed into linearity similar to zero in term and postterm pregnancies[term(r)=0.01, postterm(r)=0.06] CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the linearity of FHR and the variable which are based on the gestational weeks organically, comprehensibly, and quantitatively. It would be utilized as the fundamental standard of the linearity. The changes from the irregular linear correlation to the regular pattern according to advancing gestational weeks means the changes from the immature and transitional level to the mature level. The closer investigation of the linear and
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Pregnancy

After the first description of epikeratoplasty for the correction of aphakia, it has been widely used in high myopia and keratoconus for improvement of visual acuity. Seven epikeratoplasties were performed on five high myopia and two keratoconus patients showing intolerance to eye-glasses and contact lens, with the mean follow-up period of 9.7 months. In high myopia, mean spherical equivalent decreased from -15.90D to -2.05D postoperatively. In keratoconus, mean keratometric value decreased more than 4.94D postoperatively and the progression of disease stopped. All patients showed an imporvement in thei uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity. In all cases, reepithelialization completed in 4-23 days (mean 14 days).
Aphakia ; Epikeratophakia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; Myopia ; Visual Acuity

To investigate the morphometric characteristics of the corneal endothelial cells in normal Korean, specular microscope has been used in 84 eyes of 42 normal Korean volunteers, 42 eyes in male, 42 eyes in female ranging in age from 5 to 71 years of age. We have analyzed cell density, cell area, coefficient of variation of cell area (CV), perimeter, shape factor, hexagonality, and side lengths, and compared the changes in each parameters according to age, right and left eye, and sex. The mean cell density was 3025 cells/mm2, and mean hexagonality was 67.01%. The values in these two parameters decreased with age (p Cell Count ; Endothelial Cells* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Volunteers

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the main cause of failure in retinal reattachment surgery, Vitrectomy combined with pharmacologic therapy to inhibit proliferating and contracting epiretinal membranes appears to be a promismg approach in the management of PVR. We investigated the inhibitory effect of intravitreal 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on experimental PVE induced by intravitreal injection of homologous dermal fibroblast in pigmented rabbits. At 6 weeks after intravitreal injection, Goup I (fibroblast only), Group II (early treatment with 1mg of 5-FU), and Group Ill (delayed treatment with 1mg of 5-FU) developed the retinal detachment in 85.7%, 33.3%, and 58.3% respectively. The rate of retinal detachment was lower in treatment groups than in non-treatment group, but there was a statistically significant difference only between non-treatment group (Group I) and early-treatment group (Group II) (p<0.05). In the group that only 5-FU was injected (Group IV), the retinas were preserved in normal clinically and pathologically. These results show that 5-FU may exert a significant anti proliferative effect on intraocular proliferative disorders including PVR especially if the drug is administered more earlier.
Epiretinal Membrane ; Fibroblasts ; Fluorouracil* ; Intravitreal Injections ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*