No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability*

OBJECT: Pre-ALL is a very rare preteukemic state, which percedes acute lymphocytic leukemia, while MDS(pre-ANLL), usually the well-known type of preleukemic state, precedes acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. Initially it shows transient pancytopenia without any evidence of leukemia in bone marrow findings, followed by acute lymphocytic leukemia after recovery from pancytopenia of a short period within weeks or months. We report a case with pre-ALL in childhood. CASE: A 15-month-old male baby was admitted with the complaints of fever and cough for 5 days and pallor for 2 weeks prior to admission. On admission, CBC showed pancytopenia without any evidence of leukemia, which was recovered spontaneously in a short period, and then was followed by acute lymphocytic leukemia of CALLA negative, early pre-B cell type. During antileukemic chemotherapy, he had suffered from severe bacterial infections and was finally died of sepsis 8 months after first admission. CONCLUSION: We report a case of pre-ALL in childhood, which was preceded by CALLA negative, early pre-B cell ALL, with a review of the literatures, briefly.
Bacterial Infections ; Bone Marrow ; Cough ; Drug Therapy ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia ; Male ; Pallor ; Pancytopenia ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid ; Sepsis

No abstract available.
Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Mice*

Multidrug resistance(MDR) phenotype is frequently observed in animal and human cancer cell lines selected for in vitro resistance to a single chemotherapeutic agent. It is characterized by the diminished j drug accumulation and is related to the drug efflux mechanism in resistant cells. In the present study, adriamycin resistant cells(L1210-AdR6 : 10-6M adriamycin, -AdR5: 10-5M) and vincristine resistant cells (L1210-VcR7: 10-7M vincristine, -VcR6: 10-6M) were produced from mouse lymphoblastic leukemia cell line L1210. Growth profiles of survived cells were observed for 5 days with MTT(thiazolyl blue) assay and resistance was compared with IWdrug concentration of 50% survival reduction in absorbance). Resisrant cells proliferated more slowly than sensitive cell. Doubling times were 29.7hr in L1210, 68.7hr in L1210-AdR5 and 58.2hr in -VcR6. MDRs expressed as resistance factor were as follows, L1210-AdR5 was 76.4 times for vincristine, L1210-VcR6 was 96.4 times for adriamycin. The cell membrane proteins with three different M.W. were recognized to be related resistance, 220, 158, and 88 kd in L1210-AdR5, 158, 140 and 88 kd in L1210-VcR6 by SDS-PAG electrophoresis. Cell surface membrane proteins were identified by radio-iodination and autoradiogram. their molecular! weights were 158, 72.8. and 42.4 Kd in L1210-VcR6.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance* ; Electrophoresis ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins* ; Membranes* ; Mice* ; Phenotype ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Vincristine ; Weights and Measures

Before surgery for hemorrhoid, patients always have a worry of postoperative recurrence. The exact incidence and risk factors of recurrent hemorrhoid have not yet been delineated up to now. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the etiology of the recurrence after surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between March, 1997 and Feburary 1998, all patients who visited the Dept. of Surgery, Korea Veteran Hosipital, due to the recurrent hemorroid after surgical managememt including sclerotherapy(Group II: GII, n=60) were compared to the age and sex mathed(1:2) with primary hemorroid patients(group I: GI, n=120). The risk factors which might be related with the recurrence such as 1) hemorroidal factor(duration of symtom, symtom, associated perinial disease) 2) patient factor (constipation, incontience, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary and hepatic disease) 3) anorectal physiologic factors 4) surgical factors were evaluated. Stastical analysis were performed by a chi-square-test or Mann-Whitney U test and set the significance at p<0.05. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups in terms of age(GI 58.1+/-8.5, GII 60.9+/-3.3 years), gender(M:F, GI; 97:23, GII; 56:4 ). The ratio of having a contipation before surgery was 41% in GI, 55% in GII. It was not statistically significant. However, the other factors related with constipation such as duration of constipation(GI; 9.85+/-7.73 years, GII; 14.62+/-7.38 years: p<0.05), duration of straining during defecation(GI; 5.82+/-2.34, GII; 7.32+/-5.6 minutes, p<0.05) number of laxative use(GI; 29, GII; 28) were significantly different between the two groups. The fecal incontince are 5% in group Iand 13% in group II. There were no differences in patient's subject symtoms related with hemorrhoid, and comorbid perianal disease between the two groups. In anorectal manometric findings, rectal complince was significantly lower in GII than that of GI(25.1+/-50.04 cc/cmH20 vs 16.0+/-25.2 cc/cmH20 p<0.05). GII has a significant number of preopertive hypertension than GI(6.7% vs. 21.6%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: When a patient with hemorrhoid has a constipation or hypertension, and lower compliance in manometric findings, it would be related with the postoperative recurrence after treatment. Therefore, we surgeons should correct these comorbid conditions before surgery, otherwise give an information to the patient of high chance of postoperative recurrence after management.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Compliance ; Constipation ; Hemorrhoids* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Korea ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors* ; Veterans

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma is an uncommon benign thyroid tumor that is recently described in the literature. This tumor is easily confused with medullary carcinoma on surgical specimens and with papillay carcinoma on cytologic specimens. Herein we report the cytologic characteristics of a case of histologically proven hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland. Cytologically, the aspirate showed trabecular or individually dispersed polygonal cells with finely stippled chromatin pattern, nuclear grooves, and eosinophilic nuclear pseudoinclusions. No colloid materials were noted in the background.
Adenoma ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Chromatin ; Colloids ; Eosinophils ; Hyalin ; Mediastinum ; Puromycin Aminonucleoside* ; Puromycin* ; Rats* ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development* ; Humans ; Male*

The application of stereotactic techniques and endoscopy dates back to the beginning of this century and is almost as old as neurosurgery itself. However, endoscopic techniques progressed slowly for several reasons. A reappraisal of endoscopic techniques become popular about 1985. The major indication of endoscope in neurosurgical field is intraventricular procedures. Recently it can be used selectively in the intraaxial mass lesion associated cavity. For example, cystic mass, with liquefied necrosis, blood clot can be approached with endoscope. Authors present its intraaxial application in basal ganglionic hematoma in three patients. Conventional stereotactic guidance of neuroendoscope was done and the hematoma was gently removed through continuous irrigation and suction under video-guidance. The clinical course was uneventful. Brief overview is given of this intraaxial neuroendoscopic procedure.
Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Ganglion Cysts* ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Neuroendoscopes ; Neurosurgery ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Suction

BACKGROUND: Chest pain is a problem that primary care physicians commonly face and often unnecessary work-up is done because of its clinical importance of cardiac origin. There are various studies on the causative disorders of chest pain, but studies on young adult males are relatively few. Therefore, we conducted this study on the cause of chest pain among young policemen. METHODS: Diagnosis and classification of chest pain were made among 106 policemen who visited the outpatient department of family medicine at the National Police Hospital from March 1, 2002 to June 30, 2002. RESULTS: The causes of chest pain were musculoskeletal (55%), psychogenic (17%), others (15%), gastrointestinal (7%) and respiratory (6%), but none of them were cardiovascular origin. The nature of chest pain were stabbing (41%), sharp (22%), pressing (18%), squeezing (16%) and substernal discomfort (3%). The duration of chest pain were below 10 minutes (37%), 10 minutes to 1 hour (15%), several hours (20%) and several days (28%). The location of chest pain were left chest (61%), right chest (18%), precordial (7%), epigastric (6%), substernal (4%) and others (4%). The frequencies of chest pain were more than once a day (23%), once a week (26%), once a month (11%), once more than 1 month interval (17%) and first attack (23%). The aggravating factors of chest pain were physical strain (25%), coughing (22%), psychologic stress (16%), smoking (10%), weather change (8%), drinking (7%), resting (5%), and overeating (6%). CONCLUSION: Our study showed that unnecessary tests should be avoided and adequate treatment matched to their causes through exact and detailed history taking should be done, because the causes of chest pain among young policemen are mostly non-cardiovascular origin.
Chest Pain* ; Classification ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Drinking ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Outpatients ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Police ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stress, Psychological ; Thorax* ; Weather ; Young Adult