Before impression making in the fixed restorations or other prosthesis, hemostatic solutions are used for hemostasis and moisture control. Hemostatic solutions effectively control bleeding but their major ingredients, acid removes smear layers which are formed in the tooth preparation, exposes the dentinal tubular orifices which are occluded by smear layers, makes dentinal tubular fluid displace more easily to the various external stimulus, and according to the hydrodynamic theory, consequently causes dentin hypersensitivity. To know the effect of hemostatic solutions on dentin permeability, coronal dentin discs, 1 mm in thickness, were prepared from extracted third molars free from decay and wear, and a spilt chamber device was used. Hydraulic conductance values and SEMs, which were measured before and after treatment with Astringedentr , Altract and Epri-dent , were compared and analyzed. The following conclusion were drawn : 1. Hydraulic conductance values which wee measured after the treatment of hemostatic solutions were increased in all groups(p<0.05). 2. %change values of hydraulic conductance were compared but no significant difference was found among the three hemostatic solutions(p<0.05). 3. on SEM observations of all groups, after treatment smear layers were removed and dentinal tubular orifices were partially exposed. on the basis of these conclusions, the reckless use of hemostatic solutions should be restricted, and when in use, various methods should be considered to protect dentin.
Dentin Permeability* ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Dentin* ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Hydrodynamics ; Molar, Third ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth Preparation

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Glass fiber post is one of recent developments to accommodate esthetic restoration for endodontically treated teeth. This has many advantages over conventional post system in physical properties, esthetic factor, risk of root and restoration fracture, adhesion to core, radiopacity, removal and retrievabilty, biocompatibility and chemical stability. PURPOSE: This in vitro study was to evaluate the most suitable type of resin core for the glass fiber post through surveying the fracture modes and the maximum load that fractures the tooth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 sound maxillary premolars restored with glass fiber posts(ParaPost(R) Fiber White) and different types of resin cores(ParaCore, Z100(TM), Rebilda(R) and Admira(R)) were prepared and loaded to faiure in a universal test machine. The maximum fracture load and fracture mode were investigated in the specimens that were restored with resin and those of metal cast and core. With the data, Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to validate the significance between the test groups, and Tukey's studentized range test was used to check if there is any significant statistical difference between each test group. Every analysis was approved with 95% reliance. RESULTS: On measuring the maximum fracture load of teeth specimens, there was a significant difference between the maximum fracture loads of the tooth specimens. ParaCore showed the highest mean maximum fracture load followed by Z100(TM). And, the distribution of fracture mode of tooth specimens showed generally Type D, the three parted fracture of the core around the post was mostly seen(62.5%), and specifically, ParaCore showed 90% and Z100(TM) showed 100% Type D fracture. CONCLUSION. Referring to the values of maximum fracture load and mean compressive fracture load, ParaCore and Z100(TM) had high values and are recommended as tooth colored resin core material for glass fiber post. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study was carried out intending to be of aid in selecting the appropriate resin core for the glass fiber post. The dual cure type composite resin ParaCore and light cure type composite resin Z100(TM) have good properties and are recommended as tooth colored resin core material for glass fiber post.
Bicuspid ; Glass* ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: It is well-known that the giant congenital nevi prcgress to malignant, melanama more frequently than other benign melanocytic nevi but to date the laor tory methods for early detection of such progression were not avsilable. The proliferating cell uncleai antigen(PCNA) staining has been regsrded as an useful marker in determining prognosis of some maignant diseases. OBJECTIVE: The PCNA taining was performed as a predictive value of malignant transformation from benign meanocytic skin lesions. We investigated the differcnces between malignant melanoma and the benign lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical study was employee using anti-PCNA, anti-S-100, and anti-CD45RO antibody in 6 giant congenital nevi, 8 small and medium sized congenital nevi, 10 acquired nevi, and 10 malignant meanomas. Only cells positive for both PCNA and S-100, and negative for CD45RO on the serial sections were identified as melanocyts. RESULTS: The number of PCNA-posit,ive cells per 1000 melanocy,es averaged 6.0+7.5 in giant, congenital nevi, 2.9+1,9 in small and medium sized congenital novi, 3.1+2.7 in acquired nevi, and 61.5+ 39.4 in malignant, melanomas. Malignant melanomas showed onger intensity of PCNA staining than the other melanocytir nevi. CONCLUSION: There was not significant difference of the numter of PCNA-positive cells among the groups of congenital neviind PCNA staining can't be used in prditive measure of malignant. progression and studying mechansm of malignancy in giant congenital nevi. But, PCNA staining is considered as an useful method in differentiat,ing malignant melanoma from mllanocytic nevi.
Melanoma ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Skin*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Use of custom tray and tray adhesive is clinically recommended for elastomeric impression material. However there is not clear mention of drying time of tray adhesive in achieving appropriate bonding strength of tray material and impression material. PURPOSE: This study is to investigate an appropriate drying time of tray adhesives by evaluating tensile bonding strength between two types of polyvinylsiloxane impression materials and resin tray, according to various drying time intervals of tray adhesives, and with different manufacturing company combination of impression material and tray adhesive. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Adhesives used in this study were Silfix (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, Del, USA) and VPS Tray Adhesive (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) and impression materials were Aquasil Ultra (monophase regular set, Dentsply Caulk, Milford, Del, USA) and Imprint II Garant (regular body, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany). They were used combinations from the same manufacture and exchanged combinations of the two. The drying time was designed to air dry, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, and 25 minutes. Total 240 of test specimens were prepared by auto-polymerizing tray material (Instant Tray Mix, Lang, Wheeling, Il, USA) with 10 specimens in each group. The specimens were placed in the Universal Testing machine (Instron, model 3366, Instron Corp, University avenue, Nowood, MA, USA) to perform the tensile test (cross head speed 5 mm/min). The statistically efficient drying time was evaluated through ANOVA and Scheffe test. All the tests were performed at 95% confidence level. RESULTS: The results revealed that at least 10 minutes is needed for Silfix-Aquasil, and 15 minutes for VPS Tray Adhesive-Imprint II, to attain an appropriate tensile bonding strength. VPS Tray Adhesive-Imprint II had a superior tensile bonding strength when compared to Silfix-Aquasil over 15 minutes. Silfix-Aquasil had a superior bonding strength to VPS Tray Adhesive-Aquasil, and VPS Tray Adhesive-Imprint II had a superior tensile bonding strength to Silfix-Imprint II at all drying periods. CONCLUSION: Significant increase in tensile bonding strength with Silfix-Aquasil and VPS Tray adhesive-Imprint II combination until 10 and 15 minutes respectively. Tray adhesive-impression material combination from the same company presented higher tensile bonding strength at all drying time intervals than when using tray adhesive-impression material of different manufactures.
Adhesives ; Collodion ; Dental Impression Materials ; Elastomers ; Head ; Polymers ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Polyvinyls ; Siloxanes

The hemostatic effect of endoscopic microwave coagulation method for upper gastrointestinal bleeding was evaluated clinically. Hemostasis over 72 hours was achieved in 18 of 20 cases (90%) with upper gastrointestinal bleeding by the endoscopic microwave coagulation method. It is noteworthy that this method was effective in all 4 cases of pulsatile bleeding from exposed vessels. We conclude that this method is useful for emergency endoscopic hemostasis on upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially bleeding from exposed vessels.
Emergencies ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemostasis ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Microwaves*

During the past 2 years : June, 1985 to May, 1987, 564 cases with dermatophytosis who visited the Dermatology Clinic of Wonju Christian Hospital were studied for Microeporam(M,) canis infection by mycologieal examination. The incidence of M.canis infection found to be 16.3%. The monthly distribotion was the highest in January and lowest in August. The ratio of male to female patient was 1: 1. Most of the cases (80.0%) were found in children under the age of 10. Tinea capitis was the most common clinical type of dermatophytosis caused by M. canis. Patients who had a history of contact with domestic cats (27.5%) or dogs (6.3%) were observed in 27 cases and family infections were observed in 22 cases. The incidence of patients with the noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions in tinea cspitis was similar. Most of patients with tinea corporis exhibited multiple, smaller than 2 cm in diameter, annular patches having pustules or papules.
Animals ; Cats ; Child ; Dermatology ; Dogs ; Female ; Gangwon-do* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Microsporum* ; Tinea ; Tinea Capitis

A total of 23 human fetal hearts from 18 to 40 weeks of gestation were provided for histologic and morphometric studies. The fetuses were the products of spontaneous or artificial abortions and were found to have no congential anomalies or associated lesions at autopsy. Maxima thickness of the left anterior, left lateral, left posterior, right anterior, right lateral, right posterior ventricular wall, and of the interventricular septal wall were measured and the left / right wall thickness ratio was calculated. The cross-sectional area of each ventricle parallel to the base of the heart at about 3-5mm below from the origin of the aorta was measured under drawing attachment-equipped light microscope with the application of point counting or cut-and-weigh method. Data were analyzed by the Anderson-ell ABSTAT dBASE ll statistical package program. The ventricular wall consisted of endocardium, myocardium and epicardium. The myocardium showed epithelial character by stratification of barrel-shaped myocardial cells, but the epithelial character progressively changed to as in adult myocardial tissue from the myocardial area close to the epicardium with increasing fetal age. However, any significant histologic difference between the left and the right ventricular wall at the same fetal age was not found. The growth pattern of both ventricular wall, the interventricular septal wall, and of the cross sectional area were linear (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the wall thickness between the left and right ventricle at the same fetal age, and the left / right thickness ratio was nearly constant with increasing fetal age. The cross sectional area was greater in the right than in the left ventricle in the fetuses after 18 weeks of gestation (p<0.01), and there was no significant difference in the morphometric values between point counting and cut-and-weigh method (p>0.1).
Adult ; Aorta ; Autopsy ; Endocardium ; Fetal Heart* ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans* ; Methods ; Myocardium ; Pericardium ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The p53 gene mutations have been found in a variety of human skin cancers. To date most studies concerning p53 gene mutations in skin cancers focused on squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and its precancerous lesions such as actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, especially related to ultraviolet light, but few on basal cell carcinoma(BCC). OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the aberrant expression rates on p53 mutant gene in BCCs as well as in SCCs and their changes depending upon their clinicopathologic characteristics. METHODS: An immunohistochemical study was employed using the mouse monoclonal antibody raised against recombinant human p53 in 30 BCCs and 16 SCCs. Also, clinical and histopathologic analyses for age, sex, site, duration and histopathologic classification were performed. RESULTS: p53 immunoreactivity was observed in 57% of BCCs and 75% of SCCs. In BCCs P53 immnoreacticvity was increased by up to 61% in cases(28/30) developed on the sun-exposed area. In SCCs p53 immunoreactivity(89%) on non-sun-exposed area was unexpectantly higher than that(57%) on sun-exposed area. No significant correlation between p53 imunoreactivity and clinicopathologic characteristics in BCCs and SCCs was noted. CONCLUSION: Mutations of p53 may play an important role of the pathogenetic sequence in a large part of the pathogenetic sequence in a large part of BCCs as well as SCCs.
Animals ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Mice ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ultraviolet Rays

Trichoblastic fibroma is a rare benign tumor of hair germ with mixed epithelial-mesenchymal components. A 64-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic, skin-colored, firm nodule on the left knee joint. Histopathologic examination showed multiple tumor islands and strands eomposed of basaloids cells embedded in a moderately cellular fibroblastic stroma and the for vation of bud-like extension of tumor cell nest. The peripherel basaloid cells shovred a palisading arrangement and small keratinous cysts were formed in tumor islands.
Female ; Fibroblasts ; Fibroma* ; Hair ; Humans ; Islands ; Knee Joint ; Middle Aged