The serum lipids level of healthy Koreans, including 306 normal adults, 15 overweight persons, 25 faculty members and 40 vegetarians (monks) were studied in 1973. The following results were obtained. 1. The mean serum liplids values of normal Korean adults were 188.7+/-33.7mg% for total cholesterol, 176.9+/-47.0mg% for phospholipid and 78.0+/-28.9mg% for triglyceride. 2. It was observed that the serum level of normal Koreans were influenced only by age and were not influenced statistically by sex, weight and socioeconomic state. 3. The mean serum lipids level of Korean vegetarians (monks) were 188.0+/-44.0mg% for total cholesterol, 158.5+/-35.6mg% for phospholipid and 64.8+/-21.4mg% for triglyceride and not influenced by sex and duration of altered eating habit. 4. The serum lipids level of Korean vegetarian (monks) were significantly low in phospholipid and triglyceride but not in cholesterol. 5. No significant difference in serum total cholesterol level between normal and vegetarian were observed all the role of diet of general population were discussed.
Adult* ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Eating ; Humans ; Overweight ; Triglycerides

It is generally recognized that several chemical mediators are involved in tbe pathogenesis of sunbum; however, the exact mechanism is still to he resolved. Recently, prostaglandin has been found to be one of the inflammatory mediators in sunbum, particularly in the delayed erythema response and several investigators have shown that the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs inhibit the in vivo synthesis of prostaglandin. On the assumption that the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs might exert a beneficial effect on the sunbum through the antiprostaglandin effect, several authors have reported the effect of indomethacin on sunbum. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of topical indomethacin on the delayed erythema response induced by artificial sunlamp and sunlight by clinical and histopathological examination. Indomethacin(2. 5% ointment, 2. 5% solution, 5% solution) was applied immediately after 3 MED irradiation of artificial sunlamp to the shaved back skin of 6 healthy albino guinea pigs weighing 550-850gm and 9 human volunteers and the delayed erythema response was observed at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after irradiation respectively. Punch biopsies of the skin were performed on 6 guinea pigs at 6, 12, 24 a.nd 48 hours after irradiation and the histologic changes were observed. Four human volunters were exposed t,o 3 MED of sunlight and indomethacin preparations were applied immediately after irradiation. The delayed erythema response was observed at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours postirradiation and in one volunteer, the skin was biopsied at 24 hour for histologi.c evaluation. The results were as follows: 1. Topical indomethacin in ointment or solution forms delayed and decreased the appearance and degree of erythema induced by sunlight and artificial sunlamp in both human and animal subjects. 2. Histologically, the number of sunbum cells at 24 hour in the epidermis of one human volunteer was decreased on indomethacin applied sites. The dermis showe6 no difference in histologic changes between control and indomethacin sitea. In animal study, however, no detectable difference in epidermal or dermal changes was observed between control and indomethacin applied sites. The autors confirmed that topical indometha,cin was effective in delaying and blanching of the delayed erythema of sunbum in guinea pigs as well as in human volunteers, though there was no difference in histologic changes between indomethacin and control sites in guinea pigs. The mechanism involvel on this aspect is remained to be resolved.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Guinea Pigs ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Indomethacin* ; Research Personnel ; Skin ; Sunburn* ; Sunlight ; Volunteers

Soft tissue coverage of heel defects has long been a difficult problem. In 1982, Iron reported eight cases of heel defects in children using an ipsilateral posterior thigh flap with use of the Hoff-man's skeletal fixation apparatus for immobilization. We report three cases of heel defects treatment in children using ipsilateral posterior thigh flap and detach flap in an average 13 days with aid of single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) for evaluation of circulation status of flap.
Child ; Fracture Fixation ; Heel ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Iron ; Thigh ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

The twelve cases of metallic failure after compression plate fixation which were observed and treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Busan National University Hospital were clinically analysed. The results were summerized as follows; 1. Age and sex of the patients was male in his active age in life. 2. The causes of fracture were traffic accidents and industrial accidents. The sites of fracture were femur in 11 cases and tibia 1 case. 3. The types of fracture were comminuted in 11 cases and short oblique in 1 case. 4. The 6 patients were not cooperative and began walking at their will after postoperative 4 weeks despite doctors order of nonweight bearing. Average duration of immobilization was 6 weeks. 5. Metallic failure occurred as screw failure in 1 case, plate failures through empty hole in 4 cases and plate failures through hole filled with screw nearest to the sites of fracture in 7 cases. 6. Interval between operation and metallic failure was 6.25 months average. The 75% of the metallic failure occurred between 4 to 7 months. 7. Treatments of metallic failures were cast immobilization with bone grafting in 1 case at tibia, intramedullary nailing with bone grafting in 1 case at femur and compression plate fixation with bone grafting in 10 cases at femur. 8. Causes of failure after internal fixation 1). Insufficient bone support Inadequate inter-fragmentary compression 9 cases Absence of cancellous bone graft 8 cases Empty plate hole 4 cases Remaining defects 3 cases 2). Inadequate postoperative treatment 6 cases.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Bone Transplantation ; Busan ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Walking

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip* ; Diagnosis* ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of combined subacromial and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for control of postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. METHODS: Between May 2012 and August 2014, 60 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with acromioplasty and received patient-controlled analgesia were studied prospectively. Cases were divided into 2 groups: combined subacromial and intravenous infusion group (group A, 30 cases) and solitary intravenous infusion group (group B, 30 cases). The visual analogue scale was used to record the patient's level of pain every 12 hours during postoperative 72 hours and the following 48 hours after the suspension of patient-controlled analgesia. RESULTS: The mean preoperative visual analogue scale score was 7.8 in group A and 7.6 in group B, and the immediate postoperative visual analogue scale score was 7.9 and 8.1 for each group. At postoperative time (From 12 hours to 72 hours after operation), the scores of combined subacromial and intravenous infusion were significantly lower than those of solitary intravenous infusion. Significant difference in the frequency of supplemental analgesic injections was observed between group A and group B (p=0.008). However, no significant difference in complication rate was observed between the two groups (p=0.562). CONCLUSIONS: Combined subacromial and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is more effective than solitary intravenous infusion without significantly increasing complications. Therefore, combined subacromial and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia could be a effective pain control method.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Methods ; Pain, Postoperative ; Prospective Studies ; Rotator Cuff*

Tuberculosis of the duodenum is rare event in patients with pulmonary or intestinal tuberculoais. It is very difficult to diagnose duodenal tuberculosis because of inconaiatent symptoms and nonspecific duodenal lesioa. Although fiberoptic endoscopy has been used, there is the limitation of fiberoptic endoscopy ia diagnosingthis disease and the diagnoais require laparotomy with biopsy. Recently we experienced a case of duodenal tuberculosis with duodenoscopic findings of the submucosal tumor of duaidenum. We report a case with review of literatures.
Biopsy ; Duodenum* ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Tuberculosis*

BACKGROUND: To obtain reference values for the ambulatory blood pressure, 30 normotensive Korean young males, aged 22-28 years(mean age: 25 years) were investigated. METHODS: The ambulatory blood pressure was recorded with SpaceLabs Model 90207 monitor over 24 hours at 20 minutes intervals during day-time(6 am-10pm) and at 30 minutes intervals during night-time (10 pm-6 am). RESULTS: The ambulatory blood pressure of the 30 subjects averaged 119/74mmHg over 24 hours, 122/78 mmHg during day-time and 112/68 mmHg during night-time. The upper limit of normal ambulatory blood pressure was suggested as the value of mean+/-2SD which revealed 131/84mmHg for 24 hours, 134/90 mmHg for day-time and 126/80 mmHg for night-time. CONCLUSION: Reference values for the ambulatory blood pressure, in normotensive Korean young men, were obtained by SpaceLab model 90207 monitor.
Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Male ; Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Alcoholism* ; Memory*

Urinary cytology has become an essential element in the diagnosis and management of transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) of the urinary tract. It has the advantage of being noninvasive, inexpensive, and easily accessible. Besides that it can even detect malignancy when unsuspected at cystoscopy. We report a retrospective review of urine cytology in the diagnosis of 83 TCC cases that underwent 295 cytologic evaluation. All patients had biopsy-proven TCC of the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis. The overall inci- dence of the positive cytology cases was 66.2%. To define the cytologic features of tumor cells, we tried to use three cytologic gradings such as "grade 1", "grade 2", and "grade 3" according to the cytologic degree of anaplastic neoplastic cells. These cytologic gades of TCC were relatively well correlated with the histologic grade and tumor invasiveness. This result suggests that the recognition of characteristic cellular features of TCC can suspect the histologic grade and tumor stage. The false negative TCC cases were 78.9%. They showed severe inflammatory or bloody background and a few neoplastic cells. Therefore, a cautious approach for accurate interpretation, personal experience, and proper fixation and processing could expand the role of urinary cytology.
Cystoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Nocturnal Enuresis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Thyroid Gland ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract