No abstract available.
Primary Health Care* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic*

No abstract available.
Dyspepsia*

In order to elucidate the mast cell changes challenged by various antihistaminic preparations and its role to the mast cells challenged by inflammation, male albino rats weighing 120-130gm were used for this investigations. Benadryl hydrochloride, Phenergan hydrochloride and Chlor-Trimeton maleate were choosed for antihistaminic challengers and ultraviolet ray was irradiated for an inflammatory challenger. 1. When rats were challenged by various antihistaminics the numbers of mast cell reached to the least after 2 days and later followed by an increasing mast cell numbers. 2. The mast cell changes were severer in order of Phenergan hydrochloride, Benadryl hydrochloride and Chlor-Trimeton maleate. 3. Degranulated mast cell was proportionally increased as the numbers of mast cell decrease after being challnged by antihistaminics and also it was decreasing when the numbers of mast cell were re-increasing
Animals ; Chlorpheniramine ; Diphenhydramine ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Male ; Mast Cells* ; Promethazine ; Rats ; Ultraviolet Rays*

No abstract available.
Necrosis* ; Skin* ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio*

One hundred and four biopsy specimens of various dermatoses were stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff and examined. The lesions were grouped into five groups; A. twenty two cases of vesicob-ullous diseases; B. twenty one cases of maculopapulosquamous diseases; C. eighteen cases of chronic granulomatous infection; D. seventeen cases of precancerosis and benign and malignant neoplasms; and E. twenty six cases of miscellaneous skin diseases. Special attention was given to the morph-ological changes of the dermoepidermal junction and the basement membrane. The results were as follows. 1. Among 10 cases of erythema multiforme, partial fraying appeared in 4 cases, partial thicken-ing in 4 and hyperchromasia in 4. Marked convolution was noted in the thickened basement membrane. PAS-positive material was scattered in the edemateus papillary dermis in some cases. 2. All of 6 cases of pemphigus erythematosus and pemphigus vulgaris showed normal basement membrane. 3, In bullous pemphigoid, partial absence in the areas of bulla formation appeared in 2 cases am-ong 3 cases. PAS positive material was present within the bullae and in the upper dermis. 4. All of 3 cases of dermatitis herpetiformis showed partial absence or fraying, 5. Half of 10 cases of psoriasis showed normal basement membrane. Among the remainder, fraying and partial thickening appeared in 3 and 2 cases respectively. 6. Among 6 cases of lichen planus, almsot total absence appeared in 2 cases and fraying in 3 cases. PAS positive material appeared focally in the upper dermis in some cases. 7. Four of 5 cases of pityriasis rubra pilaris showed diffuse thickening and marked convolution ef the basement membrane. 8. Half of 4 cases of lupus vulgaris showed normal basement membrane. Fraying and partial thickening appeared in 2 and 2 cases respectively. 9. All but 1 among 5 cases of lepromatous leprosy showed poor staining and poor visualization of the basement membrane. 10. One case of tuberculoid leprosy showed partial fraying, partial thickening and hyperchromasia with marked convolution, among 5 cases. il. Among 4 cases of condyloma latum, only one showed partial fraying. 12. One of 3 cases of senile keratosis showed partial fraying of the basemement membrane. 13. One case of Bowens disease showed partial thickening and hyperchromasia among 3 cases. PAS-positive material was present focally in the upper dermis in some cases. 14. All of 6 cases of basal cell carcinoma, showed normal basement membrane. PAS-positive ma-terial were present focally in the uppermoet dermis in some vases. 15. All of 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma showed total absence of the basement membrane. 16. All of the 2 cases of keratoacanthoma showed partial fraying. 17. Among 10 cases of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, 9 cases showed partial thickening and hyperchromasia with marked convolution of the basement membrane. Two cases showed partial fraying in areas of marked liquefaction degeneration of the basal cells. PAS positive material appe-ared in the uppermost dermis in some cases. 18. All of 3 cases of fixed drug eruption, 2 cases of seborrheic keratosis and 6 cases of verrucae showed normal basement membrane. 19. One case of poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare showed partial fraying, among 2 cases. 20. All of 2 cases of chronic radiodermatitis showed diffuse thickening and hyperchramasia. The thickened basement membrane showed marked convolution focally.
Basement Membrane* ; Biopsy ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatitis Herpetiformis ; Dermis ; Drug Eruptions ; Erythema Multiforme ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Leprosy, Lepromatous ; Leprosy, Tuberculoid ; Lichen Planus ; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid ; Lupus Vulgaris ; Membranes ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; Pemphigus ; Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris ; Psoriasis ; Radiodermatitis ; Skin Diseases ; Warts

No abstract available.
Albuterol* ; Asthma* ; Gases* ; Inhalation*

It is important to maintain normal calcium concentration especially ionized calcium concentration in chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis. The direct measurement of ionized calcium is less commonly used due to a lack of automated equipment as well as the cost of laboratory equipment. Numerous formulas for adjusted total calcium and calculated ionized calcium are used in clinical practice. We examined the relationship between direct measured ionized calcium and total calcium, corrected total calcium, calculated ionized calcium (formula of Nordin et al) in 53 chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis. The results were as follows; 1) In predialysis group, plasma total and ionized calcium levels were 2.36+/-0.26, 1.04+/-0.21mmol/L respectively, and higher than normal controls. The correlations between plasma ionized calcium and total calcium, calculated ionized calcium, corrected total calcium were r=0.72 (P=0.0001), r=0.81 (P=0.0001), r=0.65 (P=0.0001) respectively. The plasma ionized calcium level was not correlated with the level of albumin, pH, phosphate, parathyroid hormone. 2) The plasma total and ionized calcium levels were significantly increased with hemodialysis and values were 2.49+/-0.14mmol, 1.14+/-0.14mmol/L respectively. The correlation between ionized and total calcium was r=0.41 (P=0.0021). These results suggested that the calculated ionized calcium (formula of Nordin et al) and total calcium can be used to predict the plasma ionized calcium level in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis.
Calcium* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Plasma ; Renal Dialysis*

Ninety-one cases of genitourinary tract injuries which were admitted to Severance Hospital during the period from Jan. 1960 to Aug. 1968 were analyzed clinically and statistically. And it was investigated compared with previous papers 1) The rate of genitourinary injuries accounted for 7.3 per cent to the total admission patients during eight years sixty-nine per cent of all injuries were in men and thirty-one per cent in women. The age distribution was much the same as that found in previous literature. Most favorable age was in from 20 to50 years for 72.5 percent 2) The meet common involvement site was in urethra for32.9 per cent while external genitalia showing most common site in war wound Also iatrogenic ureteral injuries was relatively high in spite of most less commonest incidence in previous paper 3) Thirty-six per cent of all injuries weredue to traffic or vehicular accident and twenty-four per cent 'due to iatrogenic. Majority of these iatrogenic injuries occurred in pelvic operation. Falls kick and blow were listed not less frequently. 4) On observation of kidney injuries. predisposed hydronephrotic kidney was injured more frequently due to mild external forces and three cases of sixteen kidney injuries had hydronephrosis dueto stone and congenital ureteral stricture in this series 5) An incidence of ureteral injury during radical hysterectomy was variable in literature. but it was noted around 10 percent generally. In reviewing 197 cases of radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of cervix, incidence of ureteral injuries was 12 cases(7.3 per cent) and it was listed 9.3 percent including bladder injuries. 6) In investigating bladder injuries, 53 percent of injuries were associated with pelvic bone fracture And 87 per cent was extraperitoneal type and 13 per cent wasin intraperitoneal rupture. 7) Also majority of urethral injuries were associatedwith pelvic bone fracture especially in car accident cases and then involved posterior urethra for 85 per cent. And bulbous urethra was injured by straddle injury for 70 per cent.
Age Distribution ; Cervix Uteri ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Pelvic Bones ; Rupture ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Respiratory infection in pregnancy can cause various side effects and affect the fetus. Therefore, efforts to prevent infection during pregnancy are essential. This study investigated knowledge and compliance regarding the prevention of respiratory infection among pregnant women. METHODS: A survey was conducted on May 10, 2012 on 300 pregnant women who attended a maternity school education program in a tertiary care hospital. The responses of 259 women were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Only 2 women (0.8%) had been educated about respiratory infection prevention methods, while 106 (40.9%) experienced respiratory infection during pregnancy. The mean score of respiratory infection prevention knowledge was 11.63 out of 15 points (percentage of correct answers: 77.5%). The mean score for compliance to respiratory infection prevention was 32.34 out of 52 points (percentage of practice: 62.19%). Knowledge and compliance were found to be positively correlated. CONCLUSION: Although many pregnant women experience respiratory infection during pregnancy, few have opportunities to be educated about prevention. Thus, the positive correlation between knowledge and compliance highlights the need for respiratory infection prevention education programs.
Compliance ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Tertiary Healthcare