Ninety-one cases of genitourinary tract injuries which were admitted to Severance Hospital during the period from Jan. 1960 to Aug. 1968 were analyzed clinically and statistically. And it was investigated compared with previous papers 1) The rate of genitourinary injuries accounted for 7.3 per cent to the total admission patients during eight years sixty-nine per cent of all injuries were in men and thirty-one per cent in women. The age distribution was much the same as that found in previous literature. Most favorable age was in from 20 to50 years for 72.5 percent 2) The meet common involvement site was in urethra for32.9 per cent while external genitalia showing most common site in war wound Also iatrogenic ureteral injuries was relatively high in spite of most less commonest incidence in previous paper 3) Thirty-six per cent of all injuries weredue to traffic or vehicular accident and twenty-four per cent 'due to iatrogenic. Majority of these iatrogenic injuries occurred in pelvic operation. Falls kick and blow were listed not less frequently. 4) On observation of kidney injuries. predisposed hydronephrotic kidney was injured more frequently due to mild external forces and three cases of sixteen kidney injuries had hydronephrosis dueto stone and congenital ureteral stricture in this series 5) An incidence of ureteral injury during radical hysterectomy was variable in literature. but it was noted around 10 percent generally. In reviewing 197 cases of radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of cervix, incidence of ureteral injuries was 12 cases(7.3 per cent) and it was listed 9.3 percent including bladder injuries. 6) In investigating bladder injuries, 53 percent of injuries were associated with pelvic bone fracture And 87 per cent was extraperitoneal type and 13 per cent wasin intraperitoneal rupture. 7) Also majority of urethral injuries were associatedwith pelvic bone fracture especially in car accident cases and then involved posterior urethra for 85 per cent. And bulbous urethra was injured by straddle injury for 70 per cent.
Age Distribution ; Cervix Uteri ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Pelvic Bones ; Rupture ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Life Style* ; Prostatism*

Thirteen guinea pigs and 23 rabbits were challenged with 300 metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis each and the recovery of adult worms and egg counts in feces were compared at 11-13 weeks post-infection in guinea pigs and at 7-9 weeks post-infection in rabbits. The recovery rate of adult worm was 23.5 percent in guinea pigs and 20.l-30.5 percent in rabbits. The mean E.P.G. of these animals in above period of infection was 106 in guinea pigs and 121 in rabbits. When one hundredth of E.P.G. was expressed as X and the number of adult worms as Y, the relationships between X and Y were as follows; Y=0.8X+10.8 in guinea pigs and Y=0.7X+6 in rabbits.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; guinea pig ; rabbit ; egg

No abstract available.
Bacteremia* ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

OBJECTIVE: Some growth factors may promote tumor growth by affecting tumor angiogenesis. Midkine(MK) are polypeptides that belong to a new family of heparin-binding growth/differentiation factor and has also been reported to be angiogenic. In various tumor tissues, MK was highly expressed between tumor and normal tissues; however, the pattern of MK expression in normal cervix and cervical cancer has not been established. The aim of this study was to determine the MK mRNA expression in cervical cancer. And we questioned whether its expression is related to cancer stages and prognostic factors. METHODS: The cervical and cervical cancer tissues were taken from patients; healthy women(n=15), and the patients with cervical cancer(n=29). The MK mRNA expression was examined by quantative competitive PCR after polymerase chain reaction amplification of reverse transcriptase copies of RNA transcripts(RT-PCR). RESULTS: The cervical cancer expressed higher levels of MK mRNA than normal cervix(p<0.05). The MK mRNA expression was not correlated with the cervical cancer stage and histopathologic type(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that increased MK mRNA expression is associated with the development of cervical cancer.
Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger* ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: Respiratory depression with high dose of propofol during induction is one of the major complications. We studied the effects of midazolam as premedicant on frequency and duration of apnea and frequency of loss of consciousness in relation to single dose of propofol. METHODS: We selected 194 adult patients who had clear consciousness and no depression of respiration. We allocated patients randomly to control group and midazolam group. In midazolam group, we injected 0.06mg/kg of midazolam intravenously 10min before induction, and in control group, we did nothing. Under mask oxygenation with 100% oxygen, we administered a bolus of propofol (1, 1.5, 2 mg/kg to subgroup 1, 2, 3 respectively) intravenously. The change of respiration and loss of consciousness were observed. RESULTS: The frequency and duration of apnea increased with the dose of propofol in both control and midazolam group. But there were no difference between groups except frequency of apnea with 1.5 mg/kg of propofol. In control group, frequency of loss of consciousness increased with the increasing dose of propofol. But in midazolam group, nearly all the patients was slept without difference by the dose. CONCLUSIONS: Premedication with midazolam reduce the sleeping dose of propofol to induce anesthesia, so the frequency and duration of apnea which is caused by high dose of propofol can be decreased.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Apnea* ; Consciousness ; Depression ; Humans ; Masks ; Midazolam* ; Oxygen ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Unconsciousness*

No abstract available.
Malaria*

The purpose of this study is to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) can assist in deci- sion-making in the treatment of acute posterolateral complex injuries. We reviewed retrospectively seven patients with acute posterolateral complex injury, among the 79 cases that had taken cruciate ligament recon- struction. MRI findings were then correlated with the results of examination under anesthesia or operi lateral reconstruction. Based on surgical and clinical findings, there were six complete and four partial posterolateral complex injuries. MRI was able to accurately describe the extent of injury in each case. All ten patients had concomitant anterior cruciate ligament tears, and seven were three posterior cruciate ligament injuries. The iliotibial band was avulsed from Gerdys tubercle in seven patients. In knees with complete tears, separation of the coronary ligament of the lateral meniscus was noted on MRI. A characteristic bone contusion on the anteromedial femoral condyle was present in nine patients. Popliteal tendon tearing was observed in eight cases, and biceps femoris was torn in six patients. In knee with complete tears, tears of the lateral collateral ligament complex was noted both on MRI and intraoperatively. A high-quality MRI in patients sustaining these injuries will assist the surgeon in directly applying surgical techniques in a timely fashion.
Anesthesia ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Contusions ; Humans ; Knee* ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Menisci, Tibial ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons

The Acknowledgements was published incorrectly.