The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is one of the most important structure for maintenance of the sta- bility of the knee joint. Chronic instability as a result of insufficiency can lead to functional disability, pain, meniscal tears, and degenerative change in articular cartilage. The incidence of injuries of this liga- ment is increasing tendency due to development of vehicle system, industrial system and sports activities. Different authors have recommended both operative and nonoperative treatment for anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Variable methods for functional recovery of anterior cruciate ligament were introduced and argued about ideal method. As arthroscopic techniques improve, surgeons are more inclined to rec- ommend surgical treatment. The methods of repair of acute rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament through the arthrotomy tech- nique have been used widely, but the arthroscopic repair is a relatively new technique. This arthroscopic technique is idealy applicable for rupture at femoral and tibial attachment site. A arthroscopic repair of anterior cruciate ligament was performed with use of the arthroscopy, in 15 consecutive, selected anterior cruciate ligaments that were ruptured at femoral or tibial attachment site, and within 2 weeks after injury. The 15 patients were followed for a minimum of one year(mean, eighteen months; maximum, thirty-eight months). The mean age of the 15 patients at the operation was thirty years(range, seventeen to forty-eight years). The results of arthroscopic repair of anterior cruciate ligament in 15 cases were satisfactory, and as fol- lows. l. All of the 15 cases, the laxity of repaired anterior cruciate ligaments were decreased. 2. The average Lysholm Knee Score Scale was increased from 16 points preoperatively to 89 points postoperatively. Five of the patients(33%) were rated as excellent, and ten patients(67%) were rated as good. 3. The range of motion of the repaired knee joints were from Oo to 135o that results were achieved at postoperative 6 months.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Arthroscopy ; Cartilage, Articular ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rupture* ; Sports

Fibrous Dysplasia of bone is a relatively rare condition characterized by fibrous tissue replacement of skeleton. It may be monostotic (confined to one bone) or polyostotic (situated in many bones). Here, six cases of fibrous dysplasia and, among them, typical three groups classified by Lichtenstein & Jaffe were experienced and treated during past one year. Three cases were monostotic lesion, which is more common, and usually mild and asymptomatic. And another three cases were polyostotic lesion, two of which were not associated with extraskeletal symptoms, and one case was associated with extraskeletal symptoms, so called Albrights disease. These six cases of fibrous dysplasia are reported with a review of the literatures.
Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; Skeleton

OBJECTIVE: Cerebral vasospasm is a common and potentially devastating complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Inflammatory processes seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm. C-reactive protein (CRP) constitutes a highly sensitive inflammatory marker. Elevation of serum CRP levels has been demonstrated in patients with aSAH. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the possible relationship between CRP levels in the serum and transcranial Doppler (TCD) and the development of vasospasm in patients with aSAH. METHODS: A total of 61 adult patients in whom aSAH was diagnosed were included in the study from November 2008 to May 2011. The patients' demographics, Hunt and Hess grade, Fisher grade, CT scans, digital subtraction angiography studies, and daily neurological examinations were recorded. Serial serum CRP measurements were obtained on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 and TCD was measured on days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13. All patients underwent either surgical or endovascular treatment within 24 hours of their hemorrhagic attacks. RESULTS: Serum CRP levels peaked on the 3rd postoperative day. There were significant differences between the vasospasm group and the non-vasospasm group on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day. There were significant differences between the vasospasm group and the non-vasospasm group on the 3rd day in the mean middle cerebral artery velocities on TCD. CONCLUSION: Patients with high levels of CRP on the 1st postoperative day and high velocity of mean TCD on the 3rd postoperative day may require closer observation to monitor for the development of vasospasm.
Adult ; Aneurysm* ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Demography ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Neurologic Examination ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial*

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Fistula*

Background: This study was designed to determine whether presynaptic receptor blockade could be differentiated from postsynaptic receptor blockade by examining the effect of increasing frequencies of indirect stimulation on partial twitch depression in vitro rat phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm preparations. Methods: After isolating rat phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm preparation, T200/T1 ratio (twitch height of the 200th stimuli divided by that of the 1st stimuli) at frequencies of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Hz using a drug concentration which provided approximately 20% twitch depression at 0.1 Hz was calculated. To compare T200/T1 ratios with TOF ratios, 2.0 Hz TOF response was measured immediately after 200th stimuli at either frequency of stimulation. Results: Hexamethonium caused a marked decrease in T200/T1 ratio at 0.5~2.0 Hz of stimulation, whereas alpha-bungarotoxin caused no change in T200/T1 ratios at up to 2.0 Hz of stimulation. The T200/T1 ratios produced by d-tubocurarine, vecuronium, mivacurium, and rocuronium located intermediate between alpha-bungarotoxin and hexamethonium, however significant differences among four drugs were found at 2.0 Hz. The propensity for decrease in T200/T1 ratios at 2.0 Hz might differ from this study: hexamethonium >d-tubocurarine >rocuronium >mivacurium = vecuronium >alpha-bungarotoxin. T200/T1 ratios at 2.0 Hz were not different from TOF ratios. Conclusions: When the observed effects in this study were provided with result of alpha-bungarotoxin acting predominantly at postsynaptic receptors and hexamethonium acting predominantly at presynaptic receptors, the effects of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants at each binding site could be differentiated by examining the T200/T1 ratios at 2.0 Hz.
Animals ; Binding Sites ; Bungarotoxins ; Depression* ; Hexamethonium ; Phrenic Nerve* ; Rats* ; Receptors, Presynaptic ; Tubocurarine ; Vecuronium Bromide

A 62-year-old woman, who presented with dipolipia, was found to have a giant aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery. Gradual ligation of the right internal carotid artery was followed by nausea and vomiting 10 days after the complete ligation. Follow up MRI showed intraluminal thrombus formation of the aneurysm and right temporo-occipital infarction.
Aneurysm ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Cerebral Arteries* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Ligation* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Thrombosis ; Vomiting

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Membranes* ; Pregnancy* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mice*