The emergency arteriography have been performed in a total of 13 patiens with extermity trauma, including 9fractures, 3 blunting traumas, and 1 penetrating injury. over 17 months period. The indications were as follows:absent or diminishe pulse, swelling, sensory or motor deficit , and hypotension. Patients with an absent pulse,the most reliable indication of arterial injury, should have immediate arteriography. The superficial femoralartery was commonly injured especially with distal femoral shaft fracture. The most common arteriographic findingswas arterial occlusion.
Angiography ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Humans ; Hypotension

PURPOSE: To evaluate the US findings of soft tissue hemangiomas in extremities and to correlate the echo-pattern with MR signal characteristics of hemangiomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied forty-two patients either with pathologically proven cases or with characteristic features of hemangiomas on MRI, US and plain film. Hemangiomas were divided into two types according to the locations;subcutaneous and intramuscular. Analytic points on US and MR findings were gross morphology of the mass, internal echo-pattern or signal characteristics. We correlated the echo-pattern with MR signal characteristics in hemangiomas. RESULTS: Subcutaneous hemangiomas revealed homogeneously anechoic mass on US, which were well correlated with MR signal characteristics' homogeneous low singnal intensity(SI) on Tl-weighted image(WI) and high SI on T2-WI. Intramuscular hemangiomas showed heterogeneously mixed echoic masses on US. An anechoic component on US corresponded to dilated vascular channels on MRI. The signal intensity of intramuscular hemangioma was less than that of subcutaneous fat on T1-WI and greater than that of fat on T2-WI. Both types of hemangiomas had tubular or lace-like appearance with interspersed fibrofatty septa. CONCLUSION: The echo-patterns in US were well associated with MR signal characteristics on MRI. Regarding US and MR features, intramuscular hemangiomas were different to subcutaneous hemangiomas.
Extremities* ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Fat

PURPOSE: To evaluate MR characteristics of periosteal reactions and subperiosteal abscesses in osteomyelitis as compared with radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients(18 males, 10 females) with osteomyelitis. Nineteen patients underwent MR imaging with 0.5 T. We analyzed for morphologic patterns, intervals of appearance and disappearance of periosteal reactions after symptom onset. Twenty-three patients were confirmed by surgery and 5 patients by the radiologic findings, clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS: Periosteal reaction appeared as low signal intensity arc on the T1- and T2-weighted axial images. In 3-7 days after symptom onset, periosteal reactions and subperiosteal abscesses were noted on MR imaging, and only two of eleven patients were noted in radiographs. Periosteal reactions of 8-14 days after symptom onset were demonstrated in all of 13 patient on MR, and 9 on plain radiographs. All patients with 2 weeks after symptom onset showed perioste.al reaction in plain film and MR. The periosteal reactions persisted until approximately 2 to 3 months after treatment on follow up radiographs. CONCLUSION: Periosteal reactions in osteomyelitis are detected on the MR imaging earlier than plain film. MR is valuable in detecting subperiosteal abscess which is not appecent in simple radiographs. Periosteal reactions can be seen on MR in 3 days after symptom onset and persist for 2-3 months after treatment.
Abscess ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Osteomyelitis* ; Retrospective Studies

To analyzed the progression of white matter maturation and white matter pathology, MR imaging of the brain was obtained in 38 children with delayed development. Children with developmental delay showed a high incidence of MR abnormalities(34/38, 89.5%). Delayed pattern of myelination and gray-white matter differentiation was seen in 13 patients. Twenty-two patients had white matter patholgy, including 14 with white matter hypoplasia, seven with focal small infarction, five with periventricular leukomalacia, and three with high signal intensities on T2 weighted image. Associated structural abnormalities were also evaluated. The most common lesions in decreasing frequency were cerebral atrophy and dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, pachygyria and/or polymicrogyria, porencephalic cyst and Leigh's disease. Twenty-three of 34 children had multiple abnormalities on MRI. The MRI was useful in depicting the progression of myelination and other white matter lesions, and serial follow-up MR is recommended for patients with delayed or lack of myelination and gray-white matter differentiation.
Abnormalities, Multiple ; Atrophy ; Brain* ; Child* ; Corpus Callosum ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infarction ; Leigh Disease ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; Lissencephaly ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myelin Sheath ; Pathology ; Polymicrogyria ; White Matter*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

Temporomandibular (TM) joint pain results from many etiologic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of Bone SPECT in patients with TM joint pain. The subjects were 34 patients with TM joint pain. All patients underwent plain radiography, planar bone scan, and Bone SPECT. The intensity of radioisotope uptake at TM joint was graded into three; no increased uptake above three background activity as grade 0, uptake similar to occipital bone as grade I, and uptake similar to maxillary sinus as grade II. Clinical findings and therapeutic methods were reviewed. Twenty-seven patients (80%) out of 34 patients with TM joint pain had increased uptake in bone SPECT. Twenty-one (78%) out of 27 patients had increased uptake in the mandibular condyle and remaining six patients (22%) had uptake in the mandibular and maxillary arch, which proved to be dental problem. Seven patients out of 34 were grade as 0, four (12%) were grade I, 23 (68%) were grade II. Four patients with grade I had clicking sound and symptoms which were subsided with medication in all cases. Among 23 patients with grade II, 7 patients had clicking sound and 14 patients underwent medication and decompression therapy. With Planar bone scan, 11 cases (32%) had increased uptake in TM joint area. Plain radiography revealed narrowing, distension, erosion and limitation of TM joint in 16 cases (47%). Bone SPECT can be valuable for screening and managing the patients with TM joint pain. Patients with grade II needed intensive treatment such as joint aspiration. However degree of the radioisotope uptake did not well correlated with clinical symptoms.
Arthralgia ; Decompression ; Humans ; Joints ; Mandibular Condyle ; Mass Screening ; Maxillary Sinus ; Occipital Bone ; Radiography ; Temporomandibular Joint* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in Korea, and its prognosis is related to several factors, such as depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and differentiation. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are present constitutively in normal cells, where they play an important role in normal cell metabolism. In mammarian cells, they are induced by a variety of physical and chemical stimuli. Among them, HSP70 is found at a higher level in growing cells than in resting cells. The p53 gene is located on the short arm of the chromosome 17 and acts as a cancer suppressor gene. A mutant p53 gene induces a malignant transformation. The mutant p53 protein binds with HSP70 and the p53-HSP70 complex has functional significance in the transforming capacity of the mutant p53. We evaluated the correlation between the HSP70 scores and the p53 protein expression by immunohistochemical methods and compared it with well-known prognostic factors, such as depth of invasion, size, histologic type, and DNA ploidy pattern, in 37 gastric adenocarcinomas. The HSP70 expression was scored according to the staining intensity and extent. An immunoreactivity of over 1% in tumor cell nuclei was considered as positive for p53 protein. The results are summarized as follows: The p53 protein expression rate did not significantly differ based on depth of invasion, histologic type, lymph node metastasis, or DNA ploidy. The HSP70 scores was higher in group II (AGC with TNM stage III) than in group I (EGC & AGC with TNM stage II) and in p53-positive carcinomas than in p53- negative carcinomas(P<0.05). In conclusion, the p53 protein and HSP70 were closely correlated to each other in our immunohistochemical study for gastric adenocarcinomas and the HSP70 scores may play a role in the progression of a gastric adenocarcinoma. However, further studies are needed for determining their prognostic values in gastric adenocarcinomas. HSP70 and p53 expression are factors, just like depth of invasion. The question is their value.
Adenocarcinoma ; Arm ; Cell Nucleus ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; DNA ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Stomach

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in Korea, and its prognosis is related to several factors, such as depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and differentiation. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are present constitutively in normal cells, where they play an important role in normal cell metabolism. In mammarian cells, they are induced by a variety of physical and chemical stimuli. Among them, HSP70 is found at a higher level in growing cells than in resting cells. The p53 gene is located on the short arm of the chromosome 17 and acts as a cancer suppressor gene. A mutant p53 gene induces a malignant transformation. The mutant p53 protein binds with HSP70 and the p53-HSP70 complex has functional significance in the transforming capacity of the mutant p53. We evaluated the correlation between the HSP70 scores and the p53 protein expression by immunohistochemical methods and compared it with well-known prognostic factors, such as depth of invasion, size, histologic type, and DNA ploidy pattern, in 37 gastric adenocarcinomas. The HSP70 expression was scored according to the staining intensity and extent. An immunoreactivity of over 1% in tumor cell nuclei was considered as positive for p53 protein. The results are summarized as follows: The p53 protein expression rate did not significantly differ based on depth of invasion, histologic type, lymph node metastasis, or DNA ploidy. The HSP70 scores was higher in group II (AGC with TNM stage III) than in group I (EGC & AGC with TNM stage II) and in p53-positive carcinomas than in p53- negative carcinomas(P<0.05). In conclusion, the p53 protein and HSP70 were closely correlated to each other in our immunohistochemical study for gastric adenocarcinomas and the HSP70 scores may play a role in the progression of a gastric adenocarcinoma. However, further studies are needed for determining their prognostic values in gastric adenocarcinomas. HSP70 and p53 expression are factors, just like depth of invasion. The question is their value.
Adenocarcinoma ; Arm ; Cell Nucleus ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; DNA ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Stomach

Sialosyl Tn mucin antigen (STn) is a carbohydrate antigen of tumor associated mucin formed by the premature 2~6 sialation of N-acetylgalactosamine. STn has been expressed in several tumor types and showed prognostic significance in colonic carcinoma. The authors evaluated the expression of STn immunohistochemically and correlated its expression with clinicopathologic variables in 100 gastric cancers. In early gastric cancer, STn was expressed in 24 cases out of 50 cases (48%). In advanced gastric cancer, STn was expressed in 48 of 50 (96%). The difference in STn expression between advanced gastric cancer and early gastric cancer was statistically significant. The difference in STn expression between tumors with lymph node metastasis and those without lymph node metastasis, between tubular adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma, and between intestinal type and diffuse type adenocarcinoma was statistically insignificant in early or advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. These results suggest that the STn expression plays a role in the tumor progression in both early and advanced gastric adenocarcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; Colon ; Lymph Nodes ; Mucins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at identifying the etiological background, symptomatic expressions, defense styles and coping strategies related to hahn. METHOD: The subjects were given a questionnaire for demographic data, life experiences and psychological and physical symptoms, Bond's questionnaire of defense style, and Weisman's scale for coping strategies and scales for severity of hahn and hwabyung. The subjects were 110 normal healthy adults and 151 patients with neurotic disorders, diagnosed with ICD-9. RESULTS: More vivid hahn was found in the married women, the less educated, and those from a low socio-economic state. In the area of etiological life experiences, hahn is significantly related with an unhappy and frustrated marital life, unsatisfactory filial Piety, Poor family background, poverty, little education, a hard life since childhood, betrayal, failure in business, personality problems, injustice in society and resignation to fate. Hahn, unresolved and accumulated, was believed to cause various psychological and physical illnesses. In many cases hahn was corhad been dealt with by simple suppression and being dependent on religious faith or sharing and communicating with people. More people considered hahn as one of the etiologies of hwabyung, a chronic anger syndrome. Hahn of patients with hwabyung was more serious than that of those without hwabyung. Symptoms of hahn were - in addition to various symptoms of depression, anxiety and other neurotic conditions or somatization - a mass in the epigastrium, sighing, something pushing-up in the chest, paranoid ideas and hyprochondria sis nor hygochondriacal ideas. On the other hand, hypersensitivity and irritability were less significant. Defense styles and coping strategies related with hahn were somatization, splitting-projection, passive-aggressiveness, incorporation, primitive idealization, stimulus reduction, self-pity and shared-concerns and dependency. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that hahn is an unique emotional condition which is characterized by culture-related somatization symptoms, paranoid ideas and hypochondriasis, in addition to general neurotic symptoms such as depression and anxiety and related somatic symptoms.
Adult ; Anger ; Anxiety ; Commerce ; Depression ; Education ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypochondriasis ; International Classification of Diseases ; Life Change Events ; Neurotic Disorders ; Poverty ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thorax ; Weights and Measures