PURPOSE: To evaluate MR characteristics of periosteal reactions and subperiosteal abscesses in osteomyelitis as compared with radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients(18 males, 10 females) with osteomyelitis. Nineteen patients underwent MR imaging with 0.5 T. We analyzed for morphologic patterns, intervals of appearance and disappearance of periosteal reactions after symptom onset. Twenty-three patients were confirmed by surgery and 5 patients by the radiologic findings, clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS: Periosteal reaction appeared as low signal intensity arc on the T1- and T2-weighted axial images. In 3-7 days after symptom onset, periosteal reactions and subperiosteal abscesses were noted on MR imaging, and only two of eleven patients were noted in radiographs. Periosteal reactions of 8-14 days after symptom onset were demonstrated in all of 13 patient on MR, and 9 on plain radiographs. All patients with 2 weeks after symptom onset showed perioste.al reaction in plain film and MR. The periosteal reactions persisted until approximately 2 to 3 months after treatment on follow up radiographs. CONCLUSION: Periosteal reactions in osteomyelitis are detected on the MR imaging earlier than plain film. MR is valuable in detecting subperiosteal abscess which is not appecent in simple radiographs. Periosteal reactions can be seen on MR in 3 days after symptom onset and persist for 2-3 months after treatment.
Abscess ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Osteomyelitis* ; Retrospective Studies

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has emerged as a useful technique for the study of pulmonary interstitial disorders. Several types of information are provided by the evaluation of lavage fluid. Identification of cellular constituents helps to separate inflammatory process. Recently we have studied cellular constituents of BAL from three cases with histologically confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Pulmonary sarcoidosis showed a marked increase in lymphocytes, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis revealed a predominance of neutrophils, and hypereosinophilic syndrome presented a marked increase in eosinophils in the lavage fluids.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Child* ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Lymphocytes ; Neutrophils ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

The fluoroscopy-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy has been gaining widespread acceptance as a rapid and effective method to make a pre-operative diagnosis of mediastinal tumors including thymoma, malignant lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma. Although thymoma is a most common tumor of the superior mediastinum, most cytopathologists are not experted in cytologic diagnosis of this tumor because of limited experience. In order to define the diagnostic cytologic features of thymoma, we have retrospectively reviewed imprinting smears and corresponding tissue sections from four cases of this tumor. All cases revealed an apparent biphasic pattern of epithelial cell clusters and lymphocytes with occasional branching capillary fronds extending from three dimensional epithelial cell clusters. Epithelial cell clusters predominated in one case and lymphocytes in two cases. Mixed epithelial cell and lymphocyte type represented in one of four cases. In the lymphocyte predominant type, the presence of epithelial cell clusters and small mature lymphocytes are helpful features to differentiate from a malignant lymphoma.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Capillaries ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Mediastinum ; Retrospective Studies ; Succimer* ; Thymoma ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Hematocrit ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

Condyloma acuminatum, commonly known as anogenital warts, is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). The most common location of condyloma acuminatum in women is the vulva. Other locations are the vagina, anus and perianal area, perineum and cervix. Condyloma acuminatum most commonly occur due to receptive anal intercourse, and can enlarge to form exophytic masses on the perianal skin, but rarely involve the rectum. We experienced an occurrence of a 12 mm polypoid lesion in the rectum of a heterosexual woman detected during a colonoscopy. The polypoid lesion was excised and was diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum. The lesion was positive for HPV type 11 based on the use of an HPV DNA chip test.
Anal Canal ; Cervix Uteri ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Heterosexuality ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Perineum ; Polyps ; Rectum ; Skin ; Vagina ; Vulva ; Warts

We report successful application of dual tracheobronchial stent to the diffuse tracheal stenosis. An one-month-old boy was transferred to the emergency room due to tachypnea and respiratory difficulty with CO2 retention. Preoperative computed tomography revealed pulmonary artery sling with diffuse tracheal stenosis. We found that the diameter of the both main bronchus was less than 3mm and the trachea was a complete ring. We divided the left pulmonary artery and implanted it to the main pulmonary artery under cardiopulmonary bypass. After that, tracheoplasty was performed with autologous pericardium. However, after the initial measures, CO2 retention and respiratory difficulty persisted due to the granulation tissue and dynamic obstruction of the airway ensued by the overlying pericardial flap. Therefore, we decided to apply a single tracheal stent. After the insertion of tracheal stent, residual stenosis of the both main bronchus opening continued to cause respiratory difficulty. Finally we applied dual tracheobronchial stent and resolved the airway obstruction.
Airway Obstruction ; Bronchi ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Male ; Pericardium ; Pulmonary Artery ; Stents* ; Tachypnea ; Trachea ; Tracheal Stenosis

PURPOSE: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy has become an important adjunct in the management of rectal cancer. But both systemic toxicity of chemotherapy and local effect of radiation interfere wound healing of intestinal anastomosis and ultimately may lead to anastomotic leak and septic complications. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal time interval between preoperative chemoradiotherapy and anastmotic construction, and it was evaluated by security of anastomotic construction. METHODS: One hundred and twenty male Sprague Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (Control group; n=40, Group 1; n=20, Group 2; n=20, Group 3; n=40). The control group (n=20) underwent anastomotic construction at 1 week after general anesthesia without preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The experimental animals (group 1, 2, 3) received preoperative chemoradiotherapy with 5 daily dose (20 mg/kg) of 5-fluorouracil and single dose of 1500 cGy radiation at the rectosigmoid junction under general anesthesia on the day after last dose of chemotherapy. And group 1~3 subsequently underwent a laparotomy to make anastomotic construction at 1 week (Group 1), 2 weeks (Group 2), and 3 weeks (Group 3; n=20) after completion of chemoradiotherapy. The security of anastomotic construction was determined by bursting pressure, tissue hydroxyproline content, gross and microscopic findings of anastomotic area at the 5th and 10th postoperative day after anastomotic construction. To evaluate systemic toxicity after che-moradiotherapy, serial body weight and alteration of CBC were measured in the control group (n=20) and Group 3 (n=20) without anastomotic construction. RESULTS: At the 5th postoperative day, Mean bursting pressures of the all treated groups were lower than that of the control group (Control group; 88 23 mmHg, Group 1; 49 22 mmHg, Group 2; 56 17 mmHg, Group 3; 78 23 mmHg). The difference was not significant in the group 3 compared with the control group. Body weight decreased in the all treated animals. The mean body weight was lowest on the day 8 after completion of chemoradiotherapy and then it gradually increased. WBC and platelet counts also decreased in the all treated animals. WBC count was lowest on the day 1 and platelet count was lowest on the day 3 after completion of chemoradiotherapy. Mean hydroxyproline contents at the anastomotic sites in the all treated groups were higher than that of the control group, especially in the group 2 and 3. Similar histologic changes were observed in both group 3 and control group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the optimal time interval for safe intestinal anastomosis after preoperative chemoradiotherapy is 3 weeks or later.
Anastomotic Leak ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Chemoradiotherapy* ; Colon* ; Drug Therapy ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Hydroxyproline ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Platelet Count ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVE: To analyze cytogenetic results of prenatal genetic amniocentesis. METHODS: From January 1997 to December 2000, We analyzed 1,390 cases of midtrimester amniocentesis which were done at Gil medical center of Gachon medical school according to its indications and maternal age. RESULTS: Chromosomal aberrations were found in 88 cases (6.3%). Of all our chromosomal aberrations, 29 cases (2.1%) of normal variants and 59 cases (4.2%) of abnormal karyotypes were found. 37 cases of autosomal numerical abnormal karyotypes and 7 cases of sex chromosomal abnormal karyotypes were diagnosed. In abnormal karyotype group, the incidence was high after 40 years of maternal age and in abnormal ultrasound findings, but no such correlations were found in normal variant group. CONCLUSION: In analysis of midtrimester amniocentesis, it would be better to analyze separately abnormal karyotype group and normal variant group.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Amniocentesis ; Amniotic Fluid* ; Chromosome Aberrations* ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Maternal Age ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Schools, Medical ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence, indications, and outcome of cesarean hysterectomy in women delivered at the Gil Medical Center, Gacheon Medical School. METHOD: This is a retrospective study of all cases of cesarean hysterectomy performed between January 1995 and December 1999. RESULTS: The incidence of cesarean hysterectomy was 0.4% (122/31,481). Cesarean hysterectomy was performed in 100 of 17,829 cesarean sections (0.6%) and in 22 of 13,652 vaginal deliveries(0.2%). The higher the age and the parity of patients, the higher the incidence of cesarean hysterectomy was noted. The most common indication of cesarean hysterectomy was uterine atony(50 cases, 41.9%), followed by 25 cases of placenta previa with adhesive placenta(20.5%), 14 cases of adhesive placenta(11.5%), 11 cases of uterine myoma with pregnancy(9.0%), 9 cases of uncontrolled bleeding with placenta previa(7.4%), 7 cases of uterine rupture(5.7%) and 6 cases of extension of uterine incision(4.9%). All patients who had cesarean hysterectomy received transfusion from 0 pint to 78 pints. Live births were 115 cases(94.3%) and 3 infants were still birth(2.5%). Four infants were dead during early neonatal period(3.3%), so perinatal mortality rate was 5.7%. The postoperative complications were bladder injury, ureteral injury, febrile morbidity, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hematoma, wound disruption, postpartum cardiomyopathy, and vaginal stump bleeding. There was two maternal deaths due to acute, severe hemorrhage and DIC. CONCLUSIONS: Cesarean hysterectomy remains a necessary procedure for life saving during abdominal and vaginal deliveries. The procedure itself is usually associated with considerable perioperative morbidity. Obstetricians should identify patients at risk and anticipate the procedure and complications.
Adhesives ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cesarean Section ; Dacarbazine ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Incidence ; Infant ; Leiomyoma ; Live Birth ; Maternal Death ; Parity ; Perinatal Mortality ; Placenta ; Placenta Previa ; Postoperative Complications ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools, Medical ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterine Inertia ; Wounds and Injuries