No abstract available.
Diskectomy ; Ear Cartilage ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed 200 cases of prenatal amniocentesis and compared them with other reported studies. Thus we propose the necessity of metanalysis for prenatal amniocentesis. METHOD: We analyzed 200 cases that have undergone amniocentesis at Masan Samsung hospital from January 1996 to December 1997. The results of our study was compared with other reported studies of amniocentesis by indication and maternal age. The proportion of age-class and indication are compared between previous study subjects and our 200 cases. RESULTS: Triple marker abnormality was the most common indication of amniocentesis(51%) and the most common age distribution was 25-29 years (43.5%). Chromosomal aberration was diagnosed in 20 cases (10%) of which the numerical aberration was 9 cases (4.5%) and the structural aberration was 11 cases (5.5%). 5 cases (2.5%) out of ll cases of the structural aberration were normal variant. There were 7 cases (trisomy 21) of autosomal aberration and 2 cases (Turner syndrome) of sex chromosome aberration. Arnong the structural aberration, there was only one reported case of 46, t(7:10) reciprocal translocation. There were no cases of fetal death except for a little self limited preterm labor. There were no neonatal complications. In the comparison of indication and maternal age with other studies, abnormal triple test was the most common indication of amniocentesis. The number of young pregnant women under 35 years old who underwent genetic amniocentesis was increased year by year. CONCLUSION: Triple maker screening test and genetic amniocentesis become popular method of antenatal diagnosis in Korea. Now, it is the proper time to establish standard indication of prenatal amniocentesis in this country by systemic and objective statistic examination. So we address the need for metanalysis in our country as comparing with other studies.
Adult ; Age Distribution ; Amniocentesis* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Maternal Age ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations

Animals ; Bone Matrix ; Hardness ; Methylprednisolone ; Rats

No abstract available.
Gynecology* ; Laparoscopy*

No abstract available.
Heart Diseases* ; Heart*

The bradycardiac and presor to intravenous and intraventricular methoxamine were examined in urethane-anesthetized rabbits 1) Intravenous methoxamine produced bradycardiac pressor responses. Atropine (2 mg/kg, i,v.) weakened but not abloished the bradycardiac effect. 2) The bradycardiac effect elicited by intravenous methoxamine was not affected by int-ravenous prazosin, rehimbiine, guanethidine and propranolol, butt was attenuated by intra venous chlorisondamine reserpine. 3) The pressor effect elioited by intravenous methoxamine was weakened by prazosin, but was scarcely affected, rather potentiated, by intraTenous yohimblne, guanethidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol and resperpine. 4) Intraventricular methoxamine produced pressor and bradycardiac responses. 5) The bradycardiac effect elicited by intraventricular methoxamine was net affected by intravenous atropine, prasosin and yohimbine. This was attenuated by intravenous guane- thidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol and reserpine, and by intraventricular atropine prazosin and propranolol, respectively. 6) The pressor effect elicited by intraventricular methoxamine was attenuated by intra- ventricular and intravenous prazosin. This was not affected by intravenous atropine, gua-nethidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol, reserpine and yohimbine, and by intraventricular atropine, prasosin and Propranolol, respectivelr. 7) From these results it was inferred that bradycardiac effect elicited by methoxamine was not an action through the mediation of aleph 1-adrenoceptors but was a result from non-specific actions on some brain receptors.
Atropine ; Brain ; Chlorisondamine ; Guanethidine ; Methoxamine* ; Negotiating ; Prazosin ; Propranolol ; Rabbits* ; Reserpine ; Yohimbine

The purpose of this study is to observe histopathologic changes in the bilateral craniomandibular joints after allowing 6 weeks of consolidation by varying the amount of distraction in rabbit mandible. Eight rabbits weighing about 2 to 3kg were used. After corticotomy was performed on the left mandibular body between the first premolar and the second premolar region, a unilateral fixation device was placed. Then, a 7-day period was allowed without distraction of the device. The mandible was lengthened 0.5mm/day. Corticotomy and lengthening of mandible were not performed in control group. After the completion of the lengthening process, a 6-week-consolidation period was allowed. Then, the rabbits were sacrificed, and histologic examination of the craniomandibular joints was performed. Proliferative changes were observed in the craniomandibular joints in all groups. With the increasing amount of distraction, hypertrophy of the cartilage layer became more severe, bone formed was dense and enchondral ossification was clearly shown in subchondral bone. Hypertrophy of the cartilage layer was also seen in the non-distracted side as the distracted side in the experimental group. These results indicate that when physical force is applied constantly to joints, the proliferation of articular cartilage and bone formation are present. When more than 6 weeks of consolidation period is allowed at the time of performing distraction for more than 5mm, articular changes, especially, in the contralateral side should also be noted.
Bicuspid ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Hypertrophy ; Joints* ; Mandible ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Rabbits*

Two patients with respiratory paralysis by cervical(C) injury were treated by sequential four-pole stimulation of the phrenic nerves to pace the diaphragm. With sequential four-pole nerve stimulator, full-time bilateral electroventi-lation were achieved and the conditioning of the diaphragm have been performed in 72 hours. According to other papers using unipolar or bipolar electrode, conditioning of the hypotrophic diaphragm took 2 to 1l months, and full-time electroventilation was possible in only about half of the patients, so part-time mechanical ventilation was needed in remained half of the patients. These results suggest that the conditioning time in patients with high quadriplegia could be significantly shortened and it should be possible to achieved independence from the mechani-cal ventilator when sequential four-pole stimulator was used.
Diaphragm* ; Electrodes* ; Humans ; Phrenic Nerve* ; Quadriplegia* ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Paralysis ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND: EGF and TGF-a are ligands for the EGF-receptor and act as mitogens for a variety of tissues. TGF-a, in particular, has been implicated as an autocrine growth factor for several cancer cell lines. TGF-B exerts an inhibitory effect on the growth of most epithelial cell types, and the loss of responsiveness to this growth inhibition has been implicated in the development of a variety of human cancers. In the present study, we evaluate whether EGF, TGF-a and TGF-B modulate apoptosis and cell cycle progression in cervical cancer cell lines. MATERIALS & METHODS: The effect of EGF, TGF-a and TGF-B on apoptosis and cell cycle such as CaSki and HeLa cell lines was analysed by flow cytometry RESULTS: 1. TGF-B did not induce apoptosis in CaSki and HeLa cell lines. 2. TGF-B as well as EGF, TGF-a, did not affect the process of apoptosis significantly. 3. The time to occur apoptosis was different between CaSki and HeLa cells treated by growth factots. 4. G1 phase was the checkpoint in CaSki and HeLa cells treated with TGF-B. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that TGF-B as well as EGF, TGF-a does not induce apoptosis and cell growth inhibition.
Apoptosis* ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints* ; Cell Cycle* ; Cell Line* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Epithelial Cells ; Flow Cytometry ; G1 Phase ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Mitogens ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

In periodontal regeneration treatment, access to the frucation area is very difficult. Thus complete removal of plaque, calculus and endotoxin is somewhat impossible. In this study, teeth that were extracted due to periodontal disease were used. The furcation area was treated with periodontal curette, ultrasonic scaler, roto bur and they observed using SEM. The result was follows 1. The group treatment with curette showed remaining plaque, the cementum existed in most of the surface and partial dentinal tubule orifice could be seen. 2. The group treatment with ultrasonic scaler showed less removalof plaque compared to curette and irregular surface could be seen. 3. The group treatment with roto bur showed cleaner surface and many dentinal tubule orifice could be seen compared to the curette and ultrasonic scaler groups. Thus when suing treatments such as bone grafting or guided tissue regeneration, it is considered that the furcation area should be treatment with Roto bur.
Bone Transplantation ; Calculi ; Dental Cementum ; Dentin ; Guided Tissue Regeneration ; Periodontal Diseases ; Regeneration ; Tooth ; Ultrasonics