Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is a rare neoplasm. The tumor presents as a nondescript subcutaneous mass, and may be painful or tender. The diagnosis depends on the histopathologic findings. We report a case of primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma developed in a 57-year-old male. Five and half years ago, the patient noticed a rice grain sized nodule on the right deltoid area. Five years ago, the lesion was excised at a local medical office. From 2 years ago, the tumor recurred on the excision site as a well defined painful erythematous hard tumor, measuring 3.5*3cm. Biopsy specimen showed densely packed, interlacing bundles of smooth muscle cells which have numerous anaplastic nuclei, atypical giant cells with bizarre nuclei and 10 mitotic figures per 10 high power fields.
Biopsy ; Edible Grain ; Diagnosis ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle

Wilson's Disease is a rare familial disorder of abnomalities in hepatic copper metabolism usually presenting with neuropsychiatric or hepatic manifestation. Hemolytic anemia is known as one of its initial clinical manifestation, but that with fulminant hepatitis is a rare presentation of Wilson's disease and so fatal leading always to death, to our best knowledge. This 16-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital with problems of acute Coombs' negative hemolytic anemia and unknown fulminant hepatitis features. She was early diagnosed as complications of Wilson's disease by slit-lamp examination of characteristic Kayser-Fleischer ring and later confirmed by raised serum free copper (55.9microgram/dL, control;< 15 microgram/dL) and 24h urine copper (1,546 microgram/dL, control; 38~70 microgram/dL). She was soon treated with D-penicillamine and pyridoxine with the plan of early liver transplantation. She was fortunately recovered with conservative treatment alone but did have active cirrhosis on consequent liver biopsy. She has been followed up for 7months. Wilson's disease should always be thought in childhood or adolescent patient with Coombs' negative hemolytic anemia and unknown fulminant hepatitis.
Adolescent ; Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Biopsy ; Copper ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration* ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Metabolism ; Penicillamine ; Pyridoxine

One-lung ventilation is an anesthesiological technique to accomplish surgical visualization during thoracic surgical procedures, and is often required unexpectedly during surgery. Traditionally the double lumen tube is considered the gold standard for lung separation. Despite being equally feasible for standard situations, there are special populations and circumstances requiring the use of a bronchial blocker to establish one-lung ventilation. We have experienced unexpected change to one-lung ventilation with bronchial blocker. A 40-year-old (158 cm, 48 kg) woman was scheduled for emergency exploratory laparotomy due to panperitonitis. A sudden diaphragmatic perforation occurred during the operation. Since oxygen saturation was reduced, intraoperative tube change was not available. Therefore, one-lung ventilation was done with bronchial blockers. After the bronchial blocker was placed, one-lung ventilation was well maintained and the operation was terminated successfully.
Adult ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; Thoracoscopy

BACKGROUND: Rocuronium administration is associated with a severe burning pain during injection in 50-80% patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate mixtures of saline, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and lidocaine-NaHCO3 with rocuronium to reduce injection pain and withdrawal movement. METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups in a double blinded, prospective study; Group S (0.9% normal saline 5 ml mixed with rocuronium 50 mg/5 ml, n = 30), Group L (2% lidocaine 5 ml mixed with rocuronium 50 mg/5 ml, n = 30), Group B (8.4% NaHCO3 5 ml mixed with rocuronium 50 mg/5 ml, n = 30) and Group LB (4% lidocaine 2.5 ml and 8.4% NaHCO3 2.5 ml mixed with rocuronium 50 mg/5 ml, n = 30). After all patients had received an intubating dose (0.6 mg/kg) of premixed rocuronium over 5 seconds, we investigated the incidence and severity of pain and withdrawal movement. We measured the onset and duration of muscle relaxation using train-of-four (TOF) and the pH values and osmolalities of each mixture. RESULTS: The incidence and severity of pain during injection were significantly reduced in Groups B and LB compared with Group S. The withdrawal movement was observed 8 patients (26.7%) in Group S, but in no patient in Groups B or LB. No significant difference in the incidence of pain or withdrawal response was observed between Groups S and L. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that premixed NaHCO3 with rocuronium is effective at reducing injection pain and withdrawal movement whereas the addition of lidocaine has little effect.
Burns ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Incidence ; Lidocaine* ; Muscle Relaxation ; Osmolar Concentration ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium Bicarbonate

Diverticula are frequently seen in the sigmoid, descending, ascending and transverse colons whereas rectal diverticula are extremely rare. The stapled rectal mucosectomy for the treatment of a prolapsed hemorrhoid is less painful and has lower morbidity; therefore, it has been commonly used despite possible complications. This paper reports a case of a rectal diverticulum that developed after a procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoids (PPH). A 42-year-old man with a history of hemorrhoidectomies came to the hospital because of constipation. On sigmoidoscopy, a 2-cm-sized, feces-filled pocket was located just above the anorectal junction. After removal of the fecal material, a huge rectal diverticulum (-4 cm in diameter) was seen. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis of rectal diverticulum outpouching through the muscular layer of the intestine in a left posterolateral direction. The patient was discharged without complication after a transanal diverticulectomy had been performed, and the direct rectal wall had been repaired.
Adult ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colon, Transverse ; Constipation ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum* ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Hemorrhoids* ; Humans ; Intestines ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sigmoidoscopy

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is defined as the xerostomia, burning sensation and various discomfort of tongue and oral mucosa. BMS can occur in both men and women, but is more frequent in middle-aged menopausal women. Because exact cause can't be identified clearly and it is hard to make diagnosis in clinic, the purpose of the treatment have been to relieve symptoms. Etiology of BMS is divided into local, systemic, and psychological factors. α-lipoic acid, clonazepam, supplemental therapy and cognitive behavior therapy can be prescribed for BMS. Nowdays, many experts focus attention on effect of combination therapy. It is necessary to solve the symptoms of the patients by combination of pharmacological approach and psychotherapy with cognitive behavior therapy considering the factors in various aspects.
Burning Mouth Syndrome ; Burns ; Clonazepam ; Cognitive Therapy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; Psychology ; Psychotherapy ; Sensation ; Tongue ; Xerostomia

Objective: : Anterior communicating artery (Acom) aneurysm is one of the most common intracranial aneurysms, constituting approximately 30–35% of all aneurysm formation in the brain. Anatomically, the H-complex (the anatomic morphology of both A1 to A2 segments) is thought to affects the nature of the Acom aneurysm due to its close relationship with the hemodynamics of the vessel. Therefore, we investigated the relative risk factors of aneurysmal rupture, especially focusing on H-complex morphology of the Acom. Methods: : From January 2016 to December 2020, a total of 209 patients who underwent surgery, including clipping and coiling for Acom aneurysm in our institution were reviewed. There were 102 cases of ruptured aneurysm and 107 cases of unruptured aneurysm. The baseline morphology of aneurysms was investigated and the relationship between the H-complex and the clinical characteristics of patients with Acom aneurysms was assessed. Results: : Of the 209 patients, 109 patients (52.1%) had symmetrical A1, 79 patients (37.8%) had unilateral hypoplastic A1, and 21 patients (10.0%) had aplastic A1. The hypoplastic A1 group and the aplastic A1 group were grouped together as unilateral dominancy of A1, and were compared with the symmetrical A1 group. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics and radiological findings of Acom aneurysms between two groups. However, when dichotomizing the patients into ruptured cases and unruptured cases, unilateral dominance of the A1 segment was associated with aneurysmal rupture with statistical significance (p=0.011). Conclusion : These results suggest that the unilateral dominance of the A1 segment does not have a significant effect on the morphology of Acom aneurysms, but contributes to aneurysmal rupture. Thus, we can better understand the effects of hemodynamics on Acom aneurysm.

Purpose: This study aims to describe and identify in-depth the breastfeeding experience of primiparas for more than one year using a phenomenological research method and to raise the understanding of the primiparas’ subjective experiences during the breastfeeding process to contribute to the improving and maintaining maternal and child health. Methods: This research was a phenomenological and qualitative study conducted on 5 primiparas who continued breastfeeding for more than 12 months. Data was collected through individual in-depth interviews from November 1, 2021 to March 20, 2022, and it was analyzed through the sixth stage of phenomenological research analysis presented by Colaizzi. Results: The study consisted of 10 theme clusters and 26 themes from meaningful statements about the breastfeeding success experiences of primiparas for more than one year. The 10 theme collections were "Planning breastfeeding during pregnancy," "Commitment to breastfeeding through information and education," "Challenges faced during breastfeeding," "Continuous hard work," "Continued conflict over breastfeeding amid confusion," "Connects with experts who lead the way," "Establishes one's own standards and direction," "Peace after hard work," "Solid and firm confidence," and "Deep-rooted beliefs brestfeeding serve as reminders." Conclusion It is expected that this study will help to understand the individual difficulties and problems experienced by primiparas during breastfeeding, the importance of breastfeeding education, the role of medical personnel in the early stage of childbirth, social and environmental support, and the importance of an active window for information exchange. By identifying these factors, this study can serve as basic data for nursing practice to promote successful breastfeeding.

Purpose: To explore the scope and method of applying standardized nursing terminologies to nursing diagnosis and problems used in nursing practice. Methods: A descriptive study was done with a retrospective analysis of the nursing records of 141,420 patients that were hospitalized in 4 tertiary hospitals. The nursing diagnosis and problems collected from the records were standardized, and the standardized nursing diagnosis and problems cross mapped with NANDA-I, confirmed in a nursing focus group. Results: 65 (67.7%) of the 96 standardized nursing diagnosis and problems were equal with NANDA-I and included in the 10 domains of NANDA-I. Among 86 nursing diagnosis and problems excluded from the cross mapping with NANDA-I, the 63 terms (73.3%) related to surgery/procedure were the most common. Conclusion It is meaningful that multi-tertiary hospital nursing diagnosis and problems were standardized and cross mapping with standard nursing terminologies was performed. As for the method of applying standardized nursing terminologies in nursing practice, it is appropriate to use several standardized nursing terminologies complementarily.

Epinephrine is used with lidocaine to provide bloodless surgical field and to prolong the action of local anesthetics. But epinephrine also has many adverse reactions, such as agitation, restlessness, headache, tachycardia, hypertension, and some significantly more dangerous conditions including myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmia, cerebral hemorrhage and pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest, etc. We have experienced epinephrine-induced acute pulmonary edema due to submucosal intranasal application of epinephrine soaked gauze during septoplasty. The patient was successfully treated in intensive care unit with positive pressure ventilation, diuretics, and inotropic support. He was extubated after 5 hours and discharged after 7 days without any complications.
Anesthetics, Local ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Dihydroergotamine ; Diuretics ; Epinephrine ; Headache ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intensive Care Units ; Lidocaine ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Tachycardia