A total of 189 cases of primary bone tumors reviewed and analysed clinically and pathologically at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Presbyterian Hospital, Taegu, Korea during the 15 years period from july, 1964 to june, 1979. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In 189 cases of primary bone tumors, 87 cases (46%) were benign and 102 cases (54%) were malignant. 2. Osteochondroma was the most common benign bone tumor (31.0%) and followed by simple bone cyst (14.9%), enchondroma (14.9%) and giant cell tumor (13.8%). 3. Osteosarcoma was the most common primary malignant bone tumor (45.0%) and followed by fibrosarcoma (17.7%) and chondrosarcoma (12.8%). 4. 22 cases were solitary and 5 cases were multiple Iesions of osteochondroma. The knee joint area was the most common site of osteochondroma (59.2%) and peak incidence was in the second decade. 5. Simple bone cyst was 13 cases. The sex distribution of simple bone cyst showed 5.5 times of the male predominence. The knee joint area was the most common site of simple bone cyst (76.9%) and its peak incidence was in the first and second decade (61.5%). Seven of 13 cases of simple bone cyst were seen pathological fracture and three of its cases were recurred. 6. In 13 cases of enchondroma, 6 cases were solitary and 7 cases were multiple lesions. The common site was phalanges of the hand and its peak incidence was in the second and third decade of life. 7. Giant cell tumor was 16 cases and to be divided into pathologically Grade 1 & 11 12 cases (75%) and Grade III 4 cases (25%). The sex distribution of giant cell tumor was 8 males and 8 females. The average age of giant cell tumor was 36.1 years with the peak incidence in the third and forth decade of life. 8. The average age of osteogenic sarcoma was 23.1 years with the peak incidence in the second decade of life. The sex distribution of osteogenic sarcoma was 25 males (54.3%) and 21 females (45.7%). The common sites of osteogenic sarcoma were distal femur and proximal tibia and proximal humerus in 41 cases (89.1%). 9. The average age of fibrosarcoma was 28.1 years with the peak incidence in the second and third decade of life. The sex distribution of fibrosarcoma was 12 males (66.6%) and 6 females (33.3%). The common site of fibrosarcoma were femur and tibia in 9 cases (50%). 10. Chondrosarcoma were 13 cases. The sex distribution of chondrosarcoma showed 5.5 times of the male predominence. The knee joint area was the most common site of chondrosarcoma (46.1%) and its peak incidence was in the third and forth decade of life.
Bone Cysts ; Chondroma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Daegu ; Female ; Femur ; Fibrosarcoma ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Hand ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Knee Joint ; Korea ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteochondroma ; Osteosarcoma ; Protestantism ; Sex Distribution ; Tibia

Acetabular fractures are relatively uncommon, but when they occur they often result in permanent disability due to management difficulties. Undisplaced acetabular fractures have a good prognosis but major displaced acetabular fractures have always given rise to difficulty and concern during treatment and have a variable prognosis in different reports. In order to restore excellant function to a displaced acetabular fracture, anatomic open reduction and secure internal fixation followed by early mobilization are neccessary. And in order to approach fracture of acetabulm safely and with maximum ease, it is neccessary to understand the pathologic anatomy. The authors studied the sex and age distribution, clssification according to roentgenographic findings, associated injuries and methods of treatment of 49 patients who were admitted to the department of orthopedic surgery of our hospital from January, 1976 to June, 1981 under the diagnosis of acetabular fracture. The results of treatment of 31 patients who were followedup over a 6month period were as follows: 1. The mean age was 37 years, the range being from 17 to 71. 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accidents (38 cases: 77.6%) which was followed by falls from heights (5 cases;10.2%). 3. Thirty cases were treated by conservative mea ures and 19 by surgery. The results were as follows: Excllent-10(32.3%), Good-14 (45.2%), Fair-6(19.3%), Poor-1 (3.2%), 4. The one case that had a poor result was a “T” shaped fracture with a central dislocation, which was impossible to reduce surgically due to severe comminution. 5. If the grossly displaced fragments are present they should be reduced and fixed surgically. But only if anatomical reduction and secure internal fixation is possible, surgery should be done. With a severely comminuted fracture, medial wall fracture, or central fracture-dislocation, surgical treatment is difficult therefore conservative treatment is better. 6. It is of great help to have various methods of roentgenography, conventional tomography, and computed axial tomographic scan in order to understand the pathologic anatomy of complicated acetabular fractures. 7. If surgery is attempted, it is essential to achieve an anatomic reduction and firm fixation by fully understanding the pathologic anatomy and by choosing an appropriate approach and fixative device.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Age Distribution ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Early Ambulation ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Prognosis ; Radiography

Ossifying fibroma is a relatively rare benign primary bone tumor which arises typically within the jaw bones and only rarely affects the long bones. In 1966, Kempson first described ossifying fibroma of the long bones because the lesion has a histologic pattern like the ossifying fibroma of the jaw. This rare lesion resembles monostotic fibrous dysplasia but can be differentiated from it on histologic and clinical grounds. Histologically, ossifying fibroma is characterized by osteoblasts rimming spicules of bone within a fibrous stroma with evidence of lamellar transformation of bone, and clinically by frequent recurrence and aggressive progression of the lesion. Because of its rarity, we present a case of ossifying fibroma which arised in the right tibia of a 34 month old boy.
Fibroma ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic ; Humans ; Jaw ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; Recurrence ; Tibia

The tibial plateau fracture is a fracture of the proximal end of the tibia, involving the articular surface and the supporting metaphysis of a major weight bearing joint. This fracture frequently accompanies soft tissue injury such as ligaments and menisci. So it often produces disability of the knee joint. Of the tibial plateau fractures which had been treated by open reductions at Keimyung University Hospital between May 1971 and December 1981, the 28 cases that were followed for 1 year to 3 years have been analysed according to its cause, classification, treatment and result. Open reduction is indicated in anyone with one or more of the following deformities as shown by roentgenograms: a compression greater than 6-8mm and a split greater than 5mm of the condyle. Anatomical considerations and a clinical end result study of the 28 fractures emphasize that the unacceptable results were from comminution of the fracture, associated soft tissue injury, osteoporosis, infection and other conditions that prevent early knee motion. Twenty-two cases (79 per cent) out of Twenty-eight revealed the rating of “ACCEPTABLE” according to Roberts criteria.
Classification ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Osteoporosis ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

Seven cases of traumatic fractured femoral heads with posterior dislocation of the hip were treated at the Keimyung University Hospital between November 1973 and December 1981. All cases were followed from 6 months to 8 years. Five cases were caused by traffic accidents. The other two cases were caused by a landslide. In six cases, at first a closed reduction was performed under general anesthesia and the femoral head was reduced in the acetabulum, but in 5 of the 6 cases head fragments were not reduced. So, after one or more days, open reductions were performed on the remaining 5 cases by internal fixation with iliac bone pegs (two-four). In the remaining one case of the 6, who had a head injury and an intestinal rupture, after the closed reduction, one head fragment was reduced but not anatomically. But because of his poor general condition, conservative treatment was taken. During conservative treatment redislocation and displacement of the head fragment occurred at the 4th week after the closed reduction was done. So this case was also treated by the above method. The 7th case, who has an ipsilateral femoral neck and intertrochanteric fracture, was reduced by primary open reduction. By the classification of the Pipkins, there were 4 cases of Type I and Type II, III and IV each had I case. The post operative X-ray and follow-up study showed that two were classified as excellent, four as good and the one who had the ipsilateral femoral neck and intertrochanteric fracture (Pipkin's Type III) was classified as poor.
Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Anesthesia, General ; Classification ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dislocations ; Femur Head ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Landslides ; Methods ; Rupture

No abstract available in English.
Acetabulum ; Clinical Study

The majority of fractures of the distal humerus in adults involves the articular surface and also shows the shape of T or Y type and comminuted fracture, this type of fracture is rare in human fractures. The fracture of the distal humerus occurs more frequently in adults than children and has more complications and is more difficult to treat. There are various rnethods of treatments. The Orthopedic Surgery dept of Keimyung Univ. School of medicine has carried out the follow-up studies among 26 cases of inpatients with comminuted fractures, of the distal humerus (who have been admitted to the hospital) from the period beginning Jan, 1978 to May, 1983, and the results are as follows: 1. There were more frequently occured in male (53.8%), and mean age was 43.5 years. 2. There were no bilateral fractures and more common in right side (57.7%) 3. Traffic accidents were the most frequent cause (46.1%), followed by slipping down(38.5%), falls from height, and athletic injuries. 4. The Tyte IIl (50.0%) was most common by Riseborough and Radin classification followed by the order of type IV, type II and type I . 5. In the case of operative treatment, the duration of immobilization took a shorter period than with conservative treatment and the former showed a relatively good prognosis. 6. Better prognosis was obtained by using K-wire fixation, especially in the case of severe comminuted type IV fracture.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Athletic Injuries ; Child ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Inpatients ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Prognosis

The fat embolism is a complication which occurs rarely in cases of long bone of lower extremity and pelvic bone fractures or after severe injury of soft tissue, and may result in an embolism in the lungs, brain, heart, kidneys and other important vessels when fat globules flow from bone marrow into such areas. There has been much adverse criticism about the pathogenesis of fat embolism including the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of it, and studies on this subject have been prevalent in recent years. The following results have been obtained through the study of 9 cases of fat embolism at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dong San Medical Center, Keimyung University during the period from 1973 to 1984. 1. By sex and age distribution, most of the patients were under the age of 40 and there were more male than female patients. 2. Seven cases were caused by traffic accidents and two were caused by falls accompanied by multiple fractures of the femur and pelvic bone. 3. Symptoms generally occured within 48 houres after trauma, however some cases were within 12 houres, some were 5 days and others 12 days. Clinical symptoms which were present at the time admission revealed increased erythrocyte sedimentation tates and decreased hemoglobin and platelete in most cases. Bilateral infiltrates and cotton ball appearances were found in all cases on thoracic radiology, but no fat globules were found in the urine or in frozen sections of clotted blood. 4. Blood gas analysis was performed in 4 cases and Pa02 under 60mmHg found in all cases increased gradually after treatment. 5. Of the 9 cases with fat embolism 6 cases completely recovered and three cases expired.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Sedimentation ; Bone Marrow ; Brain ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Embolism ; Embolism, Fat ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Multiple ; Frozen Sections ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Male ; Pelvic Bones

BACKGROUND: Increased left ventricular mass in patients with essential hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic renal failure or in general population has been suggested as a useful predictor of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many studies have reported that left ventricular mass is correlated postively with body size. Thereafter normalization of left ventricular studies, but it is uncertain which is appropriate. This study was designed to determine the appropriate method for normalization of left ventricular mass to exclude influence of body size in normal adults. METHODS: We measured left ventricular mass 100 normal adults by M-mode echocardiogram using ASE cube method without(Devereux and Reichek's method) and with correction(Devereux and Alonso's method). Left ventricular mass were normalized for body weight, height, body surface area, body surface area1.5, height2.0 and height2.7 RESULTS: 1) Left ventricular mass by Devereux and Reichek's method correlated well with that by Devereux and Alonso's method(r=1.0,p<0.001). 2) Corrected left ventricular mass correlated well with weight(r=0.64, p<0.001), height(r=0.49, p<0.05), body surface area(r=0.53, p<0.01) and body mass index(r=0.58, p<0.001). 3) Correlation coefficients of left ventricular mass/weight with weight, of ventricular mass/height with height, of ventricular mass/height2.0 with height, of ventricular mass/height2.7 with height, of ventricular mass/body surface area with body surface area and of ventricular mass/body surface area1.5 with body surface area were 0.12, -0.05, -0.29, -0.42, 0.13 and -0.11 respectively. 4) Peak systolic wall stress correlated with age and left ventricular mass, but end systolic wall stress did not correlated with left ventricular mass. CONCLUSIONS: The current indexation method of left ventricular mass for height may reduce the variability associated with body size. Furthermore, it could be used reliably in normal Korean adults.
Adult* ; Body Height ; Body Size* ; Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Mortality

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon benign lesion characterized by metaplastic cartilage formation within the synovial connective tissue which disintegrates into the joint and continues to grow. Of the eight cases of synovial chondromatosis seen by the authors, three cases involved the knee, two of these were bilateral, three cases involved the elbow, one the hip joint and one the proximal phalanx of the right middle finger. The diagnosis of synovial chondroamtosis was made by histopathological findings of the excised mass. Most synovial chondromatosis cases obtained favorable results by removing masses from the joint and at the same time performing a partial synovectomy, except one case in which degenerative arth ritis had developed proeoperatively.
Cartilage ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; Connective Tissue ; Diagnosis ; Elbow ; Fingers ; Hip Joint ; Joints ; Knee