No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhage itself has been shown to produce abnormalities in immunity, particularly depression of the lymphocyte function. In order to better examine the amount of hemorrhage required to suppress the lymphocyte function, we determined the effect of graded fixed-volume hemorrhage on splenocyte proliferation and the lymphocyte subpopulation. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats(weight, 350~400g) were anesthetized, subjected to hemorrhages of 7.5ml/kg, 15ml/kg, and 22.5ml/kg by percutaneous cardiac puncture with 26G needles. After 1, 2, 4, and 7 days, animals were killed to obtain the blood and spleen. The splenocyte proliferative capacity was measured by using the tritiated thymidine incorporation technique, and the peripheral lymphocyte subpopulation was determined using flow cytometry with the following monoclonal antibodies: T cell(CD3+), T helper cell(CD4+), T cytotoxic cell(CD8+), and B cell(CD45RA+). RESULTS: Hemorrhage of 7.5ml/kg did not induce depression of splenocyte proliferation. However, for hemorrhage greater than 15ml/kg, the splenocyte proliferative capacity was significantly depressed at 2 days after hemorrhage and recovered at 4 days. Hemorrhage induced no changes in the relative percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations and in the number of each cell in peripheral blood. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that cellular immunity is depressed at 48 hrs after a hemorrhage greater than 15ml/kg without any change in the peripheral lymphocyte subpopulation.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Depression ; Flow Cytometry ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Lymphocytes* ; Male ; Needles ; Punctures ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; Thymidine

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Prostheses and Implants*

A statistical study was done on arrhythmia of the aged who were older than 60 during the period 1963~1972 at Seoul national University Hospital. This study included 6,511 patients among 40,000 total patients. The results were as follows. 1) Arrhythmias were observed among 3,058 patients(46.97%). Sinus irregularitis were the most frequent arrhythmia. 2) Except sinus irregularities premature beat (38.3%), atrial fibrillation (16.1%), bundle branch block (10.5%), atriovenricular block (10.5%), atrioventricular escape beat (5.1%), atrioventricular junctional rhythm (4.9%), wandering pacemaker(4.0%) and paroxysmal tachycardia(2.5%) were frequent arrhythmias. 3) Cardiovascular disease was major underlying disease. In cardiovascular disease group, the incidence of arrhythmia was 51.15% which was three times as high as non-cardiovascular and normal group. 4) Most arrhythmias were more frequently observed among the aged except bundle branch block and ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia. 5) The incidence of arrhythmia was similar among the aged except pre-excitation syndrome which was predisposed to woman. 6) Arrhythmia was most frequently observed in coronary heart disease. 7) Among sinus irregularities, simus bradycardia was more frequent in the aged. 8) There were no significant differences in frequency of arrhythmia between non-cardiovascular disease group patients and normal group.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Bradycardia ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Coronary Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pre-Excitation Syndromes ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic* ; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal ; United Nations

Spontaneous ventriculostomy occurs with the spontaneous rupture of a ventricle resulting in a communication between ventricular system and subarachnoid space. It is usually the result of obstructive hydrocephalus but has been documented only rarely. Van Stackum verified the first case of spontaneous ventriculostomy at autopsy in 1910. Radiological demonstration of spontaneous ventriculostomy was reported by Leslie for the first time in 1964 and only 6 cases has been reported until now. We recently have experienced a case of spontaneous ventriculostomy beautifully demonstrated by conray ventriculography in a patient of posterior fossa tumor. We report our case with the brief review of the articles.
Autopsy ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infratentorial Neoplasms ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Subarachnoid Space ; Ventriculostomy*

No abstract available.
Humans

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to verify the hypothesis that the suppression of lipid peroxidation with the antioxidant, U-74389G, could improve the survivability of paraquat intoxicated rats. METHODS: First, we obtained the 24-h mortality by using several paraquat dosages and calculated the 24-h LD50 in 24 male Wistar rats(250~350g). To examine the effect of U-74389G, we divided the rats in 4 groups: a control group and U-74389G only group, a paraquat only group, and a paraquat plus U-74389G group(n=10 each). Paraquat, 35mg/kg, was injected intraperitoneally at 0 h. U-74389G, 10mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally at 0, 12 h or at 1, 12 h in the respective groups. The rats were observed for 24 hours. At 24 h, plasma and lung, liver, and kidney tissues were obtained after sacrificing the surviving rats to determine the degree of lipid peroxidation by using a thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) quantitative analysis. RESULTS: The 24-h LD50 of paraquat was calculated as 40mg/kg in our rats. The 24-h mortality was as follows: control group and U-74389G group 0%, paraquat group 30%, and paraquat plus U-74389G group 10%. The TBARS analysis showed no differences between the U-74389G and the control groups. The paraquat group showed significantly increased TBARS levels in the serum and in the kidney and lung tissue compared to the control group(p<0.05). With U-74389G, the increased TBARS levels were significantly decreased in the plasma, kidney, and lung tissues compared to the paraquat group(p<0.05). However, in the liver tissue, there were no significant differences among the groups. CONCLUSION: A 21-aminosteroid antioxidant, U-74389G, improved the survivablity of paraquat-intoxicated rats through the suppression of lipid peroxidation. Our result suggests the possibility of clinical application of this drug as an antidote for paraquat poisoning.
Animals ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Mortality ; Paraquat ; Plasma ; Poisoning ; Rats* ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

No abstract available.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Heart* ; Thoracic Surgery*

Between March 1963, and December 1994, fifty-three patients with a ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Vasalva(RSV) were operated. The RSV originated from the right coronary sinus in 43 patients(81%), from the non coronary sinus in 7 patients(13%), and from combined sinuses in 2 patients. The RSV from the right coronary sinus mainly drained to the right ventricle(81.4%), and the RSV from the non coronary sinus mainly drained to the right atrium(71.4%). Recently, we are using patch to repair the RSV through a double approach. During the operation, concomitant procedures were performed; 32 Patch repairs of VSD, 14 aoric valvuloplasty, 10 aortic valve replacement, 2 tricuspid valvuloplasty, and one Bentall's procedure. During the follow up period between 1 and 31 years(mean 8 years, 94% follow up), there were 2 late deaths and 14 late complications. Actuarial 10-year survival rate was 95%, and 10-year actuarial freedom from late event was 53 %. Factor analysis revealed that the combined SBE is a risk factor of late event. Actuarial freedom from failure of aortic valvuloplasty was 55% at 9 years. Although surgical repair of RSV achieved excellent long term survival, aortic regurgitation and endocarditis revealed significant risk factor in long-term results. Therefore, more attention should be required in patients of RSV associated with aortic regurgitation or endocarditis.
Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Aortic Valve ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Coronary Sinus ; Endocarditis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Freedom ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Emergencies*