No abstract available.
Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins* ; Prospective Studies*

Clinical observation was made on 131 cases of the unstable spine injury treated at the Orthopedic Surgery Department of Busan National University Hospital during the period from January 1974 to December 1981. The results obtained were as follows: 1. More than two-thirds of patients were between the age of 20 and 40, and the proportion of males to females showed a ratio of 5.9 to 1. The most common cause of injury was falling at an industrial area, rating 64.1% of all cases. 2. Fracture level was observed 31.3% in the first lumbar level, 24.4% in the twelfth thoracic vertebra, and 67.9% between the twelfth thoracic vertebra and the second lumbar vertebra. 3. Mechanisms of injury were 44.3% by pure flexion, 26.7% by flexion and rotation, 15.3% by direct shearing force, and 13.7% by vertical compression. 4. The fracture with lower extremity paralysis was due to the rotational fracture dislocation, which comprised 66% of all. 5. Kyphosis increased to the average of 10.6 degree in the case of decompressive laminectomy and of 3.4 degree in the case of spinal fusion. 6. The anatomical alignment and a definite stability could be obtained by the use of Harringtons rod in the cases of the unstable thoracolumbar fracture and fracture-dislocation. In 3 cases of all, we could get satisfactory results 1 month after the day injury occured. 7. In case of complete paralysis of lower extremity, it was found only 9.4% showed partial recovery, neurologically, and 61.9% of the patients with incomplete paralysis were also partly recovered. 8. The most common complication was urinary tract infection, which comprised 83% of the cases. With the use of intermittent urinary catheterization, the voiding reflex recovered within 4 months in most cases.
Accidental Falls ; Busan ; Dislocations ; Female ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Laminectomy ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Reflex ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Tract Infections

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis A Antibodies* ; Hepatitis* ; Immunoglobulin M*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Edema* ; Humans

No abstract available.

Congenital renal arteriovenous malformation is a rare lesion. Nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy is a well-known treatment and as alternative method, transcatheter embolization therapy has been developed. We report a case of congenital arteriovenous malformation manifested by intermittent right flank pain and gross hematuria with blood clots, cured by means of transcatheter embolization therapy during angiographic study with polyvinyl alcohol foam (IVALON).
Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Polyvinyl Alcohol

PURPOSE: To evaluate the cause of dark arcuate striae observed in infrared photographs in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and macular hole patients after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. METHODS: Forty patients (41 eyes) of idiopathic ERM and macular hole who underwent trans pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas tamponade were included in the present study. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded at preoperative and postoperative 6 months. Infrared (IR) photography with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were obtained at preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. When abnormal findings were visible on IR photographs, additional SD-OCT was performed at the corresponding sites. RESULTS: Of 40 patients, 4 patients demonstrated dark striae extending from the optic nerve to near macular area in IR photographs at 1 week postoperatively. SD-OCT images of the dark striae region revealed the swelling of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). At postoperative 6 months, however, RNFL swelling previously observed subsided in all 4 cases, while temporal retinal thinning and dimples were observed in 3 cases. The preoperative and postoperative BCVA did not show any statistical difference between the patients with the RNFL swelling and the patients without the swelling. CONCLUSIONS: Swelling of RNFL may occur in idiopathic ERM and macular hole patients after pars plana vitrectomy and ILM peeling, which may present as dark striae in IR photographs.
Epiretinal Membrane ; Humans ; Membranes* ; Nerve Fibers* ; Optic Nerve ; Photography ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To compare the effect and complications of treatments for diabetic macular edema. METHODS: Literature review using the Korean medical database and the Korean Ophthalmological Society database was performed. Studies used consisted of patients with diabetic macular edema, comparing intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection with posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) injection or intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection, according to visual acuity (VA) outcomes, central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) at 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS: In the three studies comparing IVTA injection with STTA injection, IVTA injection demonstrated greater improvement in VA at 1 month and CMT at 6 months. The patients who received IVTA injection had significantly higher IOP at 3 months. In the three studies comparing IVTA injection with IVB injection, IVTA injection demonstrated greater improvement in VA at 3 months and CMT at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The functional and anatomical improvements are achieved by IVTA injection, STTA injection, and IVB injection for diabetic macular edema, and the effect of IVTA injection is more prominent than other injection types with longer duration.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Edema ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes in macular thickness with regard to age and gender in normal subjects with emmetropia using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: The present study consisted of 90 healthy subjects (162 eyes) with no ophthalmic evidence of retinopathy and who had emmetropic eyes. The data from macular measurements using spectral domain optical coherence tomography was analyzed according to the groups divided by age (Group 1: 0 to 19 years of age, Group 2: 20 to 39 years of age, Group 3: 40 to 59 years of age, Group 4: 60 to 80 years of age) and gender. RESULTS: Macular thickness of the central circle was 253.40 +/- 23.03 microm in all subjects. There was no significant change with age (p > 0.05). However, the measurements at the inner (3 mm) and outer circle (6 mm) showed a reduction of macular thickness with age (p < 0.05). The macular thickness at the central and inner circle was significantly lower in the female subjects (p < 0.05). In group 3 and 4, macular thickness at the central circle in males was greater than in females. In group 3, the average inner macular thickness in males was significantly greater than in females (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In normal subjects with emmetropia, there are statistically significant differences in macular thickness between subjects of different age and gender. The results from the present study can be expected to provide a reference value for evaluating macular disease.
Emmetropia ; Eye ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reference Values ; Tomography, Optical Coherence