The etiology of pulmonary edema are myriad. Pulmonary edema is a complication of acute upper airway obstruction secondary to laryngospasm. When pulmonay edema occurs, it usually follows relief of the obstruction. Acute pulmonary edema must be treated promptly among the patients who recover from acute upper airway obstruction. The treatments are fluid restriction, diuretics, steroids, ventilatory assistance to maintain oxygenation. Ventilatory assistance is important and has various methods, but we chosed intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV). It is of benefit to adequate oxygenation without ventilatory induced lung linjury (VILI), easy removal of secretion, intratracheal nebulization with bronchodilator, and patient's comfortness. We present a case of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema that occured in an adult patient following extubation of the trachea caused by a laryngospasm.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction* ; Diuretics ; Edema ; Humans ; Laryngismus ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Steroids ; Trachea ; Ventilation*

No abstract available.

The emergency arteriography have been performed in a total of 13 patiens with extermity trauma, including 9fractures, 3 blunting traumas, and 1 penetrating injury. over 17 months period. The indications were as follows:absent or diminishe pulse, swelling, sensory or motor deficit , and hypotension. Patients with an absent pulse,the most reliable indication of arterial injury, should have immediate arteriography. The superficial femoralartery was commonly injured especially with distal femoral shaft fracture. The most common arteriographic findingswas arterial occlusion.
Angiography ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Humans ; Hypotension

This report was designed to investigate a rare case that brachialis tear and hematoma caused by acute elbow posterior dislocation. We studied a 20-year-old male patient with right elbow joint pain after outstretched injury. Physical examination showed instability of hright elbow joint and simple radiography indicated a posterolateral dislocation of right elbow joint. Computed tomography taken after closed reduction using Parvin technique revealed a few small bone fragment located on posterior humerus capitulum. Magnetic resonance imaging showed complete tear of brachialis and anterior articular capsule with hematoma. The patient was managed with long arm splint and hinge brace for an elbow dislocation with brachialis rupture and hematoma. The elbow joint range of motion was recovered to be in a normal range, and pain was diminished. There are few reported cases of acute elbow posterior dislocation combined with brachialis rupture and hematoma. The patient showed good clinical outcome after conservative treatment.
Arm ; Braces ; Dislocations* ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow* ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Humerus ; Joint Capsule ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Radiography ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reference Values ; Rupture ; Splints ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of pulmonary function test for the prediction of successful weaning and extubation from the ventilator in very low birth weight(VLBW) infants with chronic lung disease. METHODS: This study included 15 VLBW infants(<1,500 g) with chronic lung disease who were admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Samsung Medical Center from July, 1995 to June, 1996. They had extubation failure more than one time. This study was performed by reviewing of patients records retrospectively. The extubation criteria were based on clinical status, ABGA profiles and ventilatory parameters. At the time of last extubation failure and final success, we analyzed the distribution of age and weight of infants, ventilator profiles, ABGA profiles, dynamic and static pulmonary function test profiles measured by Bicore CP-100R from the infant with ventilator assistance daily in line monitoring. The paired T-test and linear logistic regression analysis were used to compare the variables between the evets of extubation failure and success. RESULTS: At the time of successful extubation, expiratory airway resistance was significantly lower and minute volume was significantly higher in dynamic pulmonary function test and respiratory system resistance was significantly lower in static pulmonary function test(P<0.05). In ventilator parameter, Fi02 and respiratory rate were lower at successful extubation(P<0.05). No statistically significant differences in ABGA profiles were seen between unsuccessful and successful extubation. CONCLUSION: The pulmonary function test is a useful predictor for successful weaning and extubation in VLBW infants with chronic lung disease. Among various parameters of pulmonary function test, expiratory airway resistance, minute ventilation and respiratory system resistance are suggested as successful weaning parameters.
Airway Resistance ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Logistic Models ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Parturition ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Weaning*

A Schwannoma is a tumor originating from the neural sheath of Schwann cells, and is also known as a neurilemmoma, neurinoma or fibroblastoma. It can be either a benign or malignant tumor arising from the associated nerve sheath. Here, a case of a Schwannoma, originated from the obturator nerve of the pelvic cavity, in a patient with urinary frequency is reported, with a brief review of the literature.
Humans ; Neurilemmoma* ; Obturator Nerve* ; Pelvis ; Schwann Cells

PURPOSE: Low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) is a kind of functional imaging technique and it is also an up-to-date technique for conducting electroencephalography (EEG) analysis. We tried to investigate the locations on the cerebral cortex that are activated by visually stimulated sexual arousal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three male volunteers (age range: 24.7+/-1.7 years) among all the right-handed medical students at our university were enrolled in this study. The EEGs included the segments recorded during resting, watching a music-video, intermission and watching a porno-video. The LORETA images of the cross-spectral analysis were obtained with using segments of LORETA-KEY (KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, Switzerland) software. RESULTS: In the statistical nonparametric maps (SnPM) of each spectrum and the delta, theta and alpha waves did not show the increased current density. The beta 1, 2 and 3 activity showed the point of maximal current densities in the anterior parahippocampal gyrus of the left limbic lobe and the superior temporal gyrus of both temporal lobes, the superior temporal gyrus of the right temporal lobe, the precuneus of the right parietal lobe, the medial frontal gyrus of the left frontal lobe, the middle occipital gyrus of the right occipital lobe, the superior temporal gyrus of both temporal lobes and the superior frontal gyrus of the right frontal lobe. CONCLUSIONS: The sexual arousal by visual stimulation may activate the anterior parahippocampal gyrus of the left limbic lobe, the superior temporal gyrus of both temporal lobes, the precuneus of the right parietal lobe, the medial frontal gyrus of the left frontal gyrus, and the middle occipital gyrus of the right occipital lobe.
Arousal* ; Brain* ; Cerebral Cortex ; Electroencephalography ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnets* ; Male ; Occipital Lobe ; Parahippocampal Gyrus ; Parietal Lobe ; Photic Stimulation ; Students, Medical ; Temporal Lobe ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a herbal formula that mainly consists of Cornus officinalis for treating erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty patients suffering with erectile dysfunction were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The average duration of erectile dysfunction of the herbal formula group(n=40) vs. the placebo group(n=40) were 19.33+/-18.13 months vs. 19.33+/-25.62 months, respectively. The safety variables we examined were the history, physical examination, vital signs, EKG, clinical laboratory tests and hormonal tests. Efficacy assessments included the International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF), the sexual encounter profile(SEP) diary and Global Assessment Questions(GAQ). RESULTS: No significant changes in the laboratory values, hormone tests and blood pressure were observed in both groups. In comparison with the placebo group(6.57+/-11.72), the herbal formula group experienced a significant improvement of the IIEF(11.13+/-11.83)(p<0.05). When the herbal formula and placebo groups were divided by age and the IIEF score (age: 50 years and IIEF: 42) and then compared, the low IIEF group(IIEFor=50) of the herbal formula group significantly improved their IIEF score(p<0.05). The herbal formula group significantly improved their GAQ score(p<0.05). The herbal formula was well tolerated. The common adverse events were headache(2.5%) and nausea(5%). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the herbal formula that mainly consists Cornus officinalis was not only effective at improving erectile function, but it was also safe for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Blood Pressure ; Cornus* ; Electrocardiography ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Treatment Outcome ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: Cocoa has antihypertensive activity, improves cerebral blood flow, and is an antioxidant. We evaluated the effect of cocoa extract on penile erection using the relaxation of the corpus cavernosal tissue in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 250-350 g divided into three groups: corpus cavernosal tissue with the endothelium (group 1), tissue without the endothelium (group 2), and endothelium pretreated with L-NAME (group 3). Changes in isometric tension were examined in an organ bath. Aortic tissues were divided into three groups and treated in similar experiments simultaneously. RESULTS: Cocoa extract dose-dependently relaxed corpus cavernosal tissue pre-contracted by phenylephrine (10-6). In group 1, cocoa extract (10-3g/ml) induced relaxation by 97+/-5% (mean+/-SD). The extract was still effective but less potent tissue without endothelium or pretreated with L-NAME (10-4M). Similar effects were seen in aortic rings. CONCLUSION: Cocoa extract relaxes corpus cavernosal tissue in a dose-dependent manner via NOS and the endothelium. Cocoa extract may therefore be effective for improving erectile function.
Animals ; Baths ; Cacao ; Endothelium ; Humans ; Male ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Penile Erection ; Phenylephrine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Relaxation

PURPOSE: Cocoa has antihypertensive activity, improves cerebral blood flow, and is an antioxidant. We evaluated the effect of cocoa extract on penile erection using the relaxation of the corpus cavernosal tissue in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 250-350 g divided into three groups: corpus cavernosal tissue with the endothelium (group 1), tissue without the endothelium (group 2), and endothelium pretreated with L-NAME (group 3). Changes in isometric tension were examined in an organ bath. Aortic tissues were divided into three groups and treated in similar experiments simultaneously. RESULTS: Cocoa extract dose-dependently relaxed corpus cavernosal tissue pre-contracted by phenylephrine (10-6). In group 1, cocoa extract (10-3g/ml) induced relaxation by 97+/-5% (mean+/-SD). The extract was still effective but less potent tissue without endothelium or pretreated with L-NAME (10-4M). Similar effects were seen in aortic rings. CONCLUSION: Cocoa extract relaxes corpus cavernosal tissue in a dose-dependent manner via NOS and the endothelium. Cocoa extract may therefore be effective for improving erectile function.
Animals ; Baths ; Cacao ; Endothelium ; Humans ; Male ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Penile Erection ; Phenylephrine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Relaxation