No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships between parental attitudes about smoking and parental smoking behavior as factors associated with adolescent's smoking behavior. Data were collected from Nov 20, 1997 to Feb 30, 1998 from 295 male high school students located in the Kyung Gi Do Province. Specific questions for adolescents concerning their parent's attitudes about their smoking, parental smoking behavior and the youth smoking behavior were included. Data were analyzed using a SPSS/PC program for the descriptive and chi-square statistics. Results indicated that parental attitudes are significantly associated with adolescents' smoking, both in behavior and amount smoked. Whereas parental behavior showed difference in means of adolescent's smoking behavior and smoking amount. In conclusion, parental attitudes toward adolescent smoking have a significantly greater effect on both the behavior and on the amount smoked than does parental antismoking educational efforts may find it helpful to include this factor.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Male ; Parents* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.

This is to report the histo-pathologic findings of the degenerated inferior alveolar nerves(IAN) causing uncontrollable neuralgia persisted for over 3 years. The patients had sufferred from frequent attack of unbearable pain along the mandibular branches of the Vth nerve. The pain arised spontaneously 5-10 times a day and lasted for 2-5 minutes. The medications including Tegretol were neither so effective to alleviate the pain level, nor enough to keep free from pain all days. The peripheral neurectomies were preceded by diagnostic nerve block, and partial resection of the IAN in the mandibular canals were approached by sagittal split osteomy of the ramus. The histopathologic findings of the resected IAN were as follows ; 1. Special staining with Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) and Masson Trichrome (MT) disclosed marked degeneration of the axons, decreased in number and fibrosis between the nerve fibers. 2. EM study revealed destruction of myelin continuity surrounding axons, degeneration of Schwann cell and endoneureal sheath, and coarse collagen between the destructed axons. 3. The 3 of 6 patients presented again with recurred pain in 2-3 years after the peripheral neurectomies. Excisional biopsy of the retromolarpterygomandibular softtissues disclosed the collateralization neuropathy beside the long-buccal nerves and their neuromatous findings.
Axons ; Biopsy ; Carbamazepine ; Collagen ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Mandibular Nerve* ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Block ; Nerve Fibers ; Neuralgia ; Trigeminal Neuralgia*

Displaced acetabular fractures have given rise to difficulty to the management, It has been unique diagnostic and operative challanges for the surgeon. We made a retrospective study of hip arthroplasty in fourteen patients who had a history of previous acetabular fracture. The most of patients was sutfered from traumatic osteoarthritis, We performed two bipolar hemiarthroplasty, eleven non-cement cup and one case Charnley cup replacement were done. The purpose of this stady was to determine the outcome long-term cup. The clinical results showed that pain was most improved at foliow-up, but the incidence of radiographic loosening and revisions were higher 42.8% within 10 years. We conclude that a history of prior acetahular fracture has a significant adverse impact on the long term out come of acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty.
Acetabulum* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Osteoarthritis ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cadmium Chloride* ; Cadmium* ; Nasal Mucosa* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Ear, Middle*

BACKGROUND: Thromboembolism is the major complication in patients with the insertion of cardiac prosthetic valves. The purpose of this study is evaluate the risk factors about the formation of left atrial thrombi after cardiac valve replacement. METHOD: Transesophageal(TEE) and transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) were done to evaluate postoperative cardiac condition in 98 patients with cardiac prosthetic valves from Jan. 1991 to Oct 1991. Several clinical and echocardiographic parameters were analyzied to evaluate the relationship with the formation of left atrial thrombi. RESULT: In univariate analysis, important factors related to the formation of left atrial thrombi are type of operation (p=0.027), postoperative left ventricular function(p=0.003), preoperative(p=0.037) and postoperative systolic ventricular size(p=0.024). However, in multivariate analysis postoperative left ventricular size(p=0.017), presence of previous thrombi(p=0.014), preoperative left atrial size(p=0.014) and postoperative left atrial size(p=0.014) are significant factors. CONCLUSION: Patients with high risk and low risk for the formation of left atrial thrombi after valve replacement can be identified by readily available clinical and echocardiographic variables.
Echocardiography ; Heart Valves ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors* ; Thromboembolism

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the subjectivity of smoking cessation methods of smokers. METHOD: The Q. methodology which provides a method of analyzing the individual's subjectivity was used. The 34 subjects classified 38 selected Q-statements into a 9 point scale to make a normal distribution. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. RESULTS: Three types of smoking cessation among smokers were identified. Type I, Family Centered; Type II, Suppressing Temptation; Type III, Self Overcoming. CONCLUSION: This study results revealed that different approaches of support programs are needed to address the three types of smoking cessation and their characteristics
Adult* ; Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the subjectivity of smoking cessation methods of smokers. METHOD: The Q. methodology which provides a method of analyzing the individual's subjectivity was used. The 34 subjects classified 38 selected Q-statements into a 9 point scale to make a normal distribution. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. RESULTS: Three types of smoking cessation among smokers were identified. Type I, Family Centered; Type II, Suppressing Temptation; Type III, Self Overcoming. CONCLUSION: This study results revealed that different approaches of support programs are needed to address the three types of smoking cessation and their characteristics
Adult* ; Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking*