No abstract available.
Titanium*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Cats* ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Colon* ; Constipation* ; Enema* ; Fecal Incontinence* ; Humans

The aim of this study was to investigate what is the most accurate and quick temperature measurement among rectal, auxiliary and tympanic routes. The body temperatures of 86 preterm infants in incubators, a controlled environment, were measured at three different sites. The measurements were taken to examine the accuracy of the temperatures, proper nursing time for measuring the temperatures and the validity of fever detection. The results were as follows : 1. The mean temperature was significantly lower in the auxiliary site(36.71degrees C) and higher in the tympanic site(37.27degrees C) than in the rectal site(37.03degrees C). 2. The mean nursing time for measuring body temperature was significantly longer in the auxiliary site(171.65 seconds) and shorter in the tympanic site(17.70 seconds) than in the rectal site(83.33 seconds). 3. The nursing time for measuring body temperature included the time needed for preparation, measuring, as well as the post-measuring time. It was found that the time required to prepare for measuring the temperature of the rectal site was significantly longer than for other sites. In addition, the time needed to measure the temperature of the auxiliary site was significantly longer than in the other sites. Finally, the nursing time needed for measuring the auxiliary temperature(171.65 seconds) was the longest among the three sites whereas the nursing time for the tympanic site was the shortest(17.70 seconds). 4. Rectal temperature was significantly correlated to the tympanic(r=0.67) and auxiliary temperatures(r=0.69). Tympanic temperature was also significantly correlated to the auxiliary temperature(r=0.74). 5. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of tympanic temperatures for detecting fever were 1.00, 0.80, 0.24, and 1.00, respectively. Those for the auxiliary temperatures were 0.00, 0.99, 0.00, and 0.94, respectively. Thus the level of fever detection was lower in the auxiliary temperatures than in tympanic temperatures. The above findings indicate that the tympanic method of temperature measurement offers a useful alternative to conventional methods.
Body Temperature ; Environment, Controlled ; Fever* ; Humans ; Incubators ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Nursing* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The shoulder fusion is one of the good method to relieve pain, improve the function and stabilize the flail shoulder joint. But recent advance of arthroplasty, the procedure is less popular. Authors studied and analized 23 patients who received shoulder arthrodesis from Aug. 1978 to Aug. 1986 and reported functional outcome after shoulder arthrodesis. Among twenty three patients, brachial plexus palsy were eighteen, upper extremity residual poliomyelitis in three and shoulder joint turberculosis in two respectively. Postoperative follow up was 12 months to 9 years and 6 months, average being 2 years and 6 months. It took 14.4 weeks in average for shoulder arthrodesis. The postoperative abduction fusion angle was 33.8 degrees in average(20 degrees to 50 degrees). The active abduction after shoulder fusion was mean 51.8 degrees(20 degrees to 85 degrees). The abduction fusion angle between 20 degrees and 40 degrees was presented satisfactory results in the point of pain relief, functional assessment and patients satisfaction. High abduction fusion angle(more than 40 degrees) revealed pain around the fused shoulder area. The combined extra and intraarticular arthrodesis revealed better results. The Saber-cut approach was more valuable for secondary elbow reconstruction than Henry approach.
Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Brachial Plexus ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Paralysis ; Poliomyelitis ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder ; Upper Extremity

Fibrous Dysplasia of bone is a relatively rare condition characterized by fibrous tissue replacement of skeleton. It may be monostotic (confined to one bone) or polyostotic (situated in many bones). Here, six cases of fibrous dysplasia and, among them, typical three groups classified by Lichtenstein & Jaffe were experienced and treated during past one year. Three cases were monostotic lesion, which is more common, and usually mild and asymptomatic. And another three cases were polyostotic lesion, two of which were not associated with extraskeletal symptoms, and one case was associated with extraskeletal symptoms, so called Albrights disease. These six cases of fibrous dysplasia are reported with a review of the literatures.
Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; Skeleton

The discovery of C-T scan have facilitated the detection of post-traumatic hydrocephalus cases. Of those, 6 cases of hydrocephalus of non-parenchymatous in origin, in other words, normal pressure hydrocephalus were presented. They were diagnosed by repeated brain C-T and cisternography with Iodine 131-labeled human serum albumin. The symptomatology, diagnosis procedure and surgical results were discussed. Followings are the results. 1) The RIHSA cisternogram taken after 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs and 48 hrs from lumbar injection showed abnormal features in all cases. 2) Surgical results were thought that there is much correlation with the age and improvement of mental impairments were seen, more or less, in all cases and improvement of gait disturbance and incontinence were seen in 5 cases and 4 cases respectively. 3) In those who sustained severe head injury with delayed recovery, the authors think, repeated check of brain C-T and cisternography is necessitated to perform the V-P shunt or V-A shunt to relieve the symptomatology of normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Gait ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure* ; Iodine ; Serum Albumin ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt