In humans, the major stimulus for cutaneous pigmentation is ultraviolet radiation. Little is known about the mechanism underlying this response, in part, because of the complexity of the interactions involving the whole epidermis. The present stucy was undertake to evaluate the effects of a single exposure of UVB on cultured normal melanocytes. Melanocytes were exposed to UVB from 5.1 mJ/cm to 203 mJ/cm. The results were as follows : 1. The main morphologic changes in UVB-exposed groups w re larger sized cells, more blunted dendrites, and shorter dendrites than in the control group. These cells increased sized according to the increased doses of VVB, but above 101.5 mJ/cm, the melanocytes shrunk and were destroyed. 2. From 20.3 mJ/cm of UVB, the proliferation of melanocyte was decreased, Especially, there was statistical!y significant difference above 50.8 mJ/cm (p<0.05, p<0.01). 3. The antiproliferativo effect increased with the passage of tirie after UVB exposure. So, cell count could not be done in 101.5 mJ/cm and 203 mJ/cm on the third day, and in 50.8 mJ/cm, 101.5 m J/cm and 203 mJ/cm on the seventh day. 4. Statistically the melanin content per well was significantl dicreased to 11-28% of each control group with dose above 50.8 mJ/cm (p<0.05, p<0.01). The melanin content per cell was increased to 107-128% of each control group when doses were below 20.3 mJ/cm and decreased to 49-79% of each control group when above 0.8 mJ/cm on the third day, but there was no statistically significant difference. In summary, when melarocytes were exposed to UVB, morphclogic changes progressed to cell differentiation. The results also suggested that a low or dose of UVB has an antiproliferative arid mild melanogenic effect, and a higher dose of UVB has a direct cytotoxic effect.
Cell Count ; Cell Differentiation ; Dendrites ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Melanins ; Melanocytes* ; Pigmentation

Benign symmetric lipomat,osis is a rare disease of undetermined cause characterized by symmetric deposits of adipose tissue o:n the neck, upper trunk and abdomen. We report three cases of kienign symmetric lipomatosis, one of which is associated with alcoholic liver disease and the patient complained of a diffieulties in neck motion, All of them are about sixty year old men with history of frequent alcohol consumption. In histopathologic findings, the reticular dermis was completcly replaced by mature fat cells and there was a slight increase in vascular and fibrous elements.
Abdomen ; Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Alcohol Drinking ; Dermis ; Humans ; Lipomatosis* ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; Male ; Neck ; Rare Diseases

Presacral cystic teratoma is a very rare congenital disease. We report a case of presacral cystic teratoma with review of literature.
Sacrum ; Teratoma*

Presacral cystic teratoma is a very rare congenital disease. We report a case of presacral cystic teratoma with review of literature.
Sacrum ; Teratoma*

Plasma renin activity (ORA) was determined by radioimmunoassay in 55 normal controls and 121 hypertensive patients in basal state and after double stimulation with furosemide administration and upright posture of 4 hrs. The results were obtained as follows, 1) Mean value of PRA of normal control was 2.2+/-1.41ng/ml/hr in basal state and 2.9+/-1.39ng/ml/hr after double stimulation, respectively. The latter was elevated significantly as compaired to the former. 2) PRA in males was significantly higher than in females, and PRA tend to be decreased as age become old. 3) Normal value of PRA after double stimulation was ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 ng/ml/hr. Of total 121 hypertensive patients(55 males and 66 females), PRA was low in 33 cases(27.3%), normal in 77 cases (63.6%), and high in 11 cases(9.1%). 4) Of 55 male hypertensive patients, PRA was low in 13 cases(23.6%), normal in 35 cases (63.7%), and high in 7 cases(12.7%). Of 66 female hypertensive patients,, PRA was low in 20 cases (30.3%), normal in 42 cases(63.6%), and high in 4 cases(6.1%). High renin group was observed more frequently in male hypertensive patients than in female hypertensive patients, while low renin group more frequently in famale than in male patients. 5) Low renin group was observed more frequently in older age group than in younger age group, while high renin group more frequently in younger age than in older age group.
Female ; Furosemide ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Korea* ; Male ; Plasma* ; Posture ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values ; Renin*

No abstract available.
Epinephrine* ; Heart Arrest*

No abstract available.

Repeated surgery of the lumbar spine after lumbar discectomy was not uncommon. Total 817 cases of lumbar disorders were carried out surgical intervention in author's clinic from Jan. 1993. to May 1997. Among them, 82 cases were reoperated cases after lumbar disc surgery. The causes, methods and outcome of reoperation were reviewed. The most common causes of reoperation was epidural adhesion, and the most frequent method of reoperation was the interbody fusion with adhesiotomy. Epidural fibrosis was the major problem and must be studied forward for preventing reoperaion.
Diskectomy ; Fibrosis ; Reoperation* ; Spine

Especially in design of automobile, there are many professional softwares based finite element or multi-body like Madymo, Pam-Crash, Ansys. These program have been released almost every car maker and university. Also in accident reconstruction fields, there are some softwares like PC-Crash, HVE was developed. Unfortunately these programs for accident reconstruction are so general and its input data are so limited, it is very difficult or even impossible to analyze some special cases. In this study, we reconstruct two crime scenes using Madymo program. Although this program was developed for design of car, we apply to crime scene reconstruction. First case is regarding traffic accident. A car was fell under 5m from the road and turn over and then move about 40m. Finally the driver eject from the car. Second case is regarding suicide by hanging. When the police investigate the crime scene at first time, they assume that this crime is a murder case but we carried out autopsy and investigated the crime scene again and analyzed by computer simulation and finally find out this crime is suicide case not murder.
Accidents, Traffic ; Automobiles ; Autopsy ; Computer Simulation* ; Crime* ; Homicide ; Humans ; Police ; Suicide

BACKGROUND: To clarify the clinicoradiological correlation and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke involving para-median territory of pons. METHODS: We studied 37 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke involving paramedian terri-tory of pons and divided them based on the shape and level of lesion shown in their MRI. The clinical features, MRI findings, and prognosis were assessed. RESULTS: The paramedian infarctions extending to the basal surface were found in 28 patients (76%), and small infarctions separated from the basal surface were found in 9 patients (24%). In patients with infarction extending to the basal surface, 23 patients (82%) had progressive or fluctuating onset, whereas all patients with small infarction separated from the basal surface had non-progressive onset. In the group with upper pon-tine lesion (14 patients), dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome was found in 4 patients, ataxic hemiparesis (AH) in 3, pure motor hemiparesis (PMH) in 2, and pure sensory stroke in 1. In the group with middle and lower pontine lesion (22 patients), PMH was found in 9, AH in 3, and sensory motor stroke in 2. The mean Modified Rankin Disability Scale scores on admission and after follow-up (mean 29 months) of the group with upper pontine lesion were 2.36 +/-0.50 and 1 . 0 0 +/-0.55, those with mid-lower pontine lesions, 3.48 +/-0.51 and 1.17 +/-0.49 (P<0.01 and P>0.05 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Paramedian pontine infarction extending to the basal surface usually presents with progressive onset. Paramedian pontine infarction most often produces classic lacune syndrome of which PMH is the most common. In our study, patients with mid-lower paramedian pontine infarction had more severe initial neurological deficits than those with upper paramedian pontine infarction. However, a late outcome was found to be favorable in both groups.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paresis ; Pons ; Prognosis* ; Stroke