No abstract available.
Humans ; Rhinitis* ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*

Congenital diaphragmatic anomaly is a rare congenital malformation and is found more frequently on the left side than right side. We had experienced two cases of comgenital diaphragmatic anomaly on the right side. One case was 8 months old male with congenital Bochdalek hernia and the other case was 17 months old female with congenital eventration of the diaphagm. The diagnosis was established by physical examination, chest X-ray, upper G-I series and other special studies. A brief review of the related literature was also presented.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Hernia ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Thorax

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS: Self-etch adhesives exhibit some clinical benefits such as ease of manipulation and reduced technique-sensitivity. Nevertheless, some concern remains regarding the bonding effectiveness of self-etch adhesives to enamel, in particular when so-called 'mild'self-etch adhesives are employed. This study compared the microtensile bond strengths to ground enamel of the two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) to the three-step etchand-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE) and the one-step self-etch adhesive iBond (Heraeus Kulzer). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a preceding phosphoric acid conditioning step on the bonding effectiveness of a two-step self-etch adhesive to ground enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond non-etch group, Clearfil SE Bond etch group with prior 35% phosphoric acid etching, and the one-step self-etch adhesive iBond group were used as experimental groups. The three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose was used as a control group. The facial surfaces of bovine incisors were divided in four equal parts cruciformly, and randomly distributed into each group. The facial surface of each incisor was ground with 800-grit silicon carbide paper. Each adhesive group was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions to ground enamel, after which the surface was built up using Light-Core (Bisco). After storage in distilled water at 37 degreesC for 1 week, the restored teeth were sectioned into enamel beams approximately 0.8*0.8mm in cross section using a low speed precision diamond saw (TOPMET Metsaw-LS). After storage in distilled water at 37 degreesC for 1 month, 3 months, microtensile bond strength evaluations were performed using microspecimens. The microtensile bond strength (MPa) was derived by dividing the imposed force (N) at time of fracture by the bond area (mm(2)). The mode of failure at the interface was determined with a microscope (Microscope-B nocular, Nikon). The data of microtensile bond strength were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Least Significant Difference Post Hoc Test at a significance level of 5%. Results: The mean microtensile bond strength after 1 month of storage showed no statistically significant difference between all adhesive groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of storage, adhesion to ground enamel of iBond was not significantly different from Clearfil SE Bond etch (P>0.05), while Clearfil SE Bond non-etch and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose demonstrated significantly lower bond strengths (P<0.05), with no significant differences between the two adhesives. CONCLUSION: In this study the microtensile bond strength to ground enamel of two-step selfetch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond was not significantly different from three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, and prior etching with 35% phosphoric acid significantly increased the bonding effectiveness of Clearfil SE Bond to enamel at 3 months.
Adhesives ; Carbon Compounds, Inorganic ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Diamond ; Incisor ; Phosphoric Acids ; Resin Cements ; Silicon Compounds ; Tooth ; Water

Phospholipase C(PLC) plays a central role in signal transduction and it is important in cellular growth, differentiation and transformation. There are currently ten known mammalian isozymes of PLC identified and cloned. However, there are no report of PLC distribution in human lung tissue or their significances in pulmonary diseases. Presence of various PLC isozymes in normal human lung tissue was studied from surgical specimens. PLC isozymes in tissue extracts of the lung were partially purified by successive chromatographic steps on heparin-sepharose CL-6B conventional and TSKgel heparin-5PW HPLC columns and their activities were assayed. PLC activity peaks identified in the chromatography were immunoblotted with specific antibodies against ten known mammalian PLC isozymes(PLC-beta 1-4, -gamma 1-2, and -delta 1-4). In addition, immunohistochemical staining of the lung tissue was performed to determine subcellular and histological localization of PLC isozymes. The results indicate that normal human lungs contain beta 1, beta 3, gamma 1, and delta 1, isozymes of PLC. The order of amount present in the lung tissue was PLC-delta 1 > gamma 1 >beta 1 >> beta 3, in descending order. On immunohistochemistry, PLC-gamma 1 was most widely distributed and was present in bronchiolar epithelium, in type I and type II pneumocytes as well as in fibroblasts of the interstitial tissue. PLC-delta 1 was present in the cytoplasm of the bronchiolar epithelium whereas PLC-beta 1 was localized to the apical membranous portion of the same epithelium. PLC-beta 3 was seen in the nucleus of the respiratory and alveolar lining epithelium as well as in the nucleus of lung fibroblasts.
Adult ; Chromatography, Agarose ; Female ; Heparin/chemistry ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Lung/*enzymology/pathology ; Male ; Phospholipase C/isolation & purification/*metabolism

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis with IgA dominant immune complex deposits affecting small vessels in the skin, joint, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common and may precede the appearance of characteristic skin rash. These manifestations include abdominal pain, bleeding, bowel infarction, intussusception, or even, perforation. However, hemorrhagic ascites has been rarely described in patients with HSP. The pathophysiologic mechanism is presumably a vasculitis of the small vessels within the serosa. We report a 37-year-old man with HSP complicated by hemorrhagic ascites. Contrast CT of the abdomen showed extensive bowel wall thickening and ascites. A paracentesis yielded hemorrhagic fluid. These abdominal manifestations were improved after methylprednisolone pulse therapy.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Ascites* ; Exanthema ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Infarction ; Intussusception ; Joints ; Kidney ; Methylprednisolone ; Paracentesis ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch* ; Serous Membrane ; Skin ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Vasculitis

The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of leukotriene D4(LTD4) on the nasal airway. Fifteen guinea pigs were divided into two groups;10 for experimental group and 5 for control group. Two l of 10(-5)mol LTD4 was administered to both nasal cavities in experimental group and same volume of normal saline in control group. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to investigate ultrastructural change of the nasal mucosal membrane in LTD4 administered guinea pigs. Infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils from the capillaries were seen in the perivascular space. In the capillaries, some endothelial cells degenerated and intercellular spaces of the cells were widened, especially 6 hours later. Degranulated mast cells and neutrophils were found in the lumen of the capillaries. Several red blood cells with low electron density were seen in the shrunken vessels. The giant mitochondriae with inclusion bodies were observed. The results of this study suggest that leukotriene may be a potent mediator to induce biphasic response in the nasal passage of guinea pigs.
Animals ; Capillaries ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Erythrocytes ; Extracellular Space ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Inclusion Bodies ; Leukotriene D4* ; Mast Cells ; Membranes ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Mitochondria ; Mucous Membrane* ; Nasal Cavity ; Neutrophils

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate nationwide trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Korea. METHODS: From National Health Insurance claims data in Korea, 81,115 patients, who underwent PCI for the first episode of coronary artery disease between 2011 and 2015, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into angina (n=49,288) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=31,887) groups and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 64.4±12.2 years and 56,576 (69.7%) were men. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were observed in 27,086 (33.4%), 30,675 (37.8%), and 45,389 (56.0%) patients, respectively. There was a 10% increase in the number of patients undergoing PCI for angina between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (11,105 vs. 13,261; p=0.021). However, the number of patients undergoing PCI for AMI marginally decreased between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (8,068 vs. 7,823; p=0.052). In procedures, drug-eluting stent was the most frequently used device (93.2%), followed by balloon angioplasty (5.5%) and bare metal stents (1.3%). The mean number of stents per patient was 1.39±0.64. At discharge, dual-anti platelet therapy, statin, beta-blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker were provided to 76,292 (94.1%), 71,411 (88.0%), 57,429 (70.8%), and 54,418 (67.1%) patients, respectively. The mean in-hospital and 1-year total medical costs were 8,628,768±4,832,075 and 13,128,158±9,758,753 Korean Won, respectively. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2,094 patients (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate healthcare strategies reflecting trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of PCI are needed in Korea.
Angina Pectoris ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Angiotensins ; Blood Platelets ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Delivery of Health Care ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; National Health Programs ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Stents

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate nationwide trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Korea. METHODS: From National Health Insurance claims data in Korea, 81,115 patients, who underwent PCI for the first episode of coronary artery disease between 2011 and 2015, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into angina (n=49,288) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=31,887) groups and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 64.4±12.2 years and 56,576 (69.7%) were men. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were observed in 27,086 (33.4%), 30,675 (37.8%), and 45,389 (56.0%) patients, respectively. There was a 10% increase in the number of patients undergoing PCI for angina between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (11,105 vs. 13,261; p=0.021). However, the number of patients undergoing PCI for AMI marginally decreased between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (8,068 vs. 7,823; p=0.052). In procedures, drug-eluting stent was the most frequently used device (93.2%), followed by balloon angioplasty (5.5%) and bare metal stents (1.3%). The mean number of stents per patient was 1.39±0.64. At discharge, dual-anti platelet therapy, statin, beta-blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker were provided to 76,292 (94.1%), 71,411 (88.0%), 57,429 (70.8%), and 54,418 (67.1%) patients, respectively. The mean in-hospital and 1-year total medical costs were 8,628,768±4,832,075 and 13,128,158±9,758,753 Korean Won, respectively. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2,094 patients (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS Appropriate healthcare strategies reflecting trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of PCI are needed in Korea.

This study investigated reduction of the bandgap of silica by applying nano-silver doping technique and possible application of such silica as a filler in dental resin. Due to reduce band gap, newly fabricated nano-silver doped silica was able to release ROS in accordance with exposure of visible light. Nano-silver doped silica was composed of below 20 nm size crystal silver nanoparticle and 100~500 nm size amorphous silica. These two components were chemically attached to each other (Si-O-Ag). The reduced bandgap was 2.10 eV, which the value could be interpreted as occurrence of surface plasmon resonance generating ROS in visible light exposure conditions. When such nano-silver doped silica was used as a filler in dental resin, increased antibacterial property of nano-silver ion was observed which was related to releasing of ROS when exposed in visible light. The antibacterial properties were statistically significant following exposure to visible light when 0.7 to 1.5 wt% of nano-silver doped silica were incorporated into resin. When the contents of nano-silver doped silica were below 0.7 wt%, minimal ROS release resulted in no significant increase in antibacterial properties as there would be less exposed nano-silver doped silica on the resin surface by visible light. Meanwhile, more than 1.5 wt% of nano-silver doped silica also resulted no significant increase in antibacterial properties following exposure to visible light as the antibacterial effects from nano-silver ion itself were greater than effects from released ROS. Hence, it was concluded that dental resin containing 0.7 to 1.5 wt% of nano-silver doped silica would provide antibacterial properties when exposed to visible light, significantly greater than in dark conditions.

Hemobilia is a rare gastrointestinal bleeding, usually caused by injury to the bile duct. Hemobilia after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is generally self-limiting and patients will spontaneously recover, but some severe and fatal hemorrhages have been reported. ERCP-related bowel or bile duct perforation should be managed promptly, according to the type of injury and the status of the patient. We recently experienced a case of late-onset severe hemobilia in which the patient recovered after endoscopic biliary stent insertion. The problem was attributable to ERCP-related bile duct perforation during stone removal, approximately 5 weeks prior to the hemorrhagic episode. The removal of the stent was performed 10 days before the onset of hemobilia. The bleeding was successfully treated by two sessions of transarterial coil embolization.
Bile Ducts ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Hemobilia* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Plastics* ; Stents*