No abstract available.
Carmustine* ; Pulmonary Fibrosis*

This review focused on the pharmacological treatment of alcoholism, especially alcoholism-related mental disorder. The pharmacological agent for alcoholism can be divided into the following categories : anticraving agent, aversive agent, agent to treat acute alcohol withdrawal, agent to diminish drinking by treating associated psychiatric pathology, agent to induce sobriety in intoxicated individuals. Following trends are included in new trends of pharmacological treatment of alcoholism. What are precise conditions amenable to pharmacological intervention? : How can psychosocial and behavioral intervention be integrated with pharmacotherapy to enhance treatment outcome?: Is the concept of "matching" specific pharmacotherapy treatment to different aspect of alcoholism more efficacious than a more generalized medicational approach to treatment? One of the most important factors for alcoholics treatment is good and proper therapeutic relationship with patients and setting up individually specialized treatment program is also important.
Alcoholics ; Alcoholism* ; Drinking ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Pathology ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Colostrum* ; Gastrins* ; Humans* ; Immunoglobulins* ; Milk*

No abstract availble.
Biological Markers/blood ; Cytokines/*blood ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*metabolism ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/*metabolism ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/*metabolism

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Immunotherapy*

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Amniocentesis* ; Cerclage, Cervical* ; Female ; Labor Stage, First* ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar can result in considerable pain, swelling, and dysfunction that patient are incapable of work for several days. Factors contributing to post operative swelling, trismus and pain are complex. There is no question but that the procedure of surgically removing an impacted mandibular third molar is inherently a traumatic one and that some sequelae related to the inflammation response are expected. Meticulous surgical technique will minimize the sequelae of inflammation but will not prevent them. In an effort to minimize these sequelae the use of steroid was instituted. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Present study was to investigate the effect of one preoperative steroid injection in the masseter muscle to the patients(male 9, female 11) who needed prophylactic removal of bilateral , symmetrical, impacted wisdom teeth in the mandible on the complaint like swelling, trismus and pain. through Double-Blind test. RESULTS: 1. After 24 hours investigation, preoperative steroid injection had significantly reduced swelling with 39% and trismus with 57.5%. 2. 7th post operative day investigation, reduced swelling and trismus had shown, however, not significant. 3. There wasn't major difference from the group who took preve-ntive steroid in the visual analogue scale, the first analgesic intake time and the pain period. 4. There wasn't any adverse reaction of steroid for 20 patient From the above result, If the patients are not contraindication to steroid and pronounced post operative reaction can be expected the use of steroid to the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar is recommended.
Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mandible ; Masseter Muscle ; Molar, Third* ; Trismus

BACKGROUND: Diabetic patients develop hypoaldosteronism which frequently caused hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis and diabetic hypoaldosteronism is associated with selective unresponsiveness of aldosterone to angiotensin A-II, but mechanism of defect in A-II stimulated aldosterone response still remain unclear. METHODS: To elucidate the mechanism of defect in A-II stimulated aldosterone response, author evaluated the responses of aldosterone production to A-II, K+, and ACTH in adrenal glomerulosa cells prepared from streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, Inositol triphosphate (IP3) generated by activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids generated by activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were measured in A-II stimulated glomerulosa cells. Radiocalcium efflux and aldosterone response to second messenger of A-II such as PLC, IP3, PLA, AA and protein kinase C activator, 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13 acetate (TPA). RESULTS: 1. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels were not different among control rats, untreated and insulin treated diabetic rats. 2. Basal, ACTH and K+ -stimulated aldosterone production were similar in cells from the three groups (p<0.05), but A-II stimulated aldosterone production was significantly decreased in cells from untreated diabetic rats compared with control and insulin treated diabetic rats (p0.05). 4. Aldosterone responses to PLC, IP3, AA and TPA were significantly decreased in glomerulosa cells from diabetic rats compared with control and insulin treated diabetic rats (p<0.05), but aldosterone response to PLA2 was similar among the three groups (p>0.05). 45Ca efflux to PLC, IP3 PLA2 and AA were similar among the three groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that decreased A-II-stimulated aldosterone response was present in glomerulosa cells from streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and reversed by insulin treatments. The main defect of altered A-II response of zona glomerulosa might be located in the step after activation of phospholipase and increase of intracellular calcium, and activation of PKC, or distal to that could be one of the causative mechanism.
Acidosis ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Aldosterone* ; Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins* ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; Calcium* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Hypoaldosteronism ; Inositol ; Insulin ; Lysophospholipids ; Phospholipases A2 ; Phospholipases* ; Plasma ; Protein Kinase C ; Rats* ; Renin ; Second Messenger Systems ; Streptozocin ; Type C Phospholipases ; Zona Glomerulosa*