PURPOSE: To analyze contrast-enhancement pattern of stomach cancer on dynamic MRI and to verify the efficacy of intravenous contrast agent in the evaluation of stomach cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with proven stomach cancer underwent dynamic MRI, By using 1.0T scanner, we obtained precontrast FLASH images, and 30, 60, 90 second delay FLASH images after intravenous contrast injection. All patients ingested on liter of water and had intramuscluar injection of Buscopan just before MR study. For quantitative analysis we measured signal to noise ratio (S/N) of stomach cancer on each image, and signal difference to noise ratio (SD/N) between cancer and intraluminal fluid, cancer and the pancreas. For qualitative analysis two radiologists evaluated lesion conspicuity on each image by grading system(grade 0, 1, 2, 3: poor, fair, good, excellent). RESULTS: S/N of stomach cancer increased gradually by time(precontrast, 30, 60, 90 second delay:38.7, 42.5, 57.4, 65.7). SD/N between cancer and intraluminal fluid significantly increased after contrast enhancement(1.24, 25.01, 39.30, 45.89). SD/Ns between cancer and the pancreas were 10.5, 9.33, 9.99, 10.66 respectively. In qualitative analysis, precontrast images were better than postcontrast images for delineation of stomach cancer, Postcontrast images showed clear endo-luminal side of stomach cancer, but outer margin of stomach cancer was more distinct on precontrast images. CONCLUSION: Precontrast MR images are better than postcontrast MR images in the depiction of stomach cancer. Intravenous contrast agent is not imperative in the evaluation of stomach cancer.
Butylscopolammonium Bromide ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Noise ; Pancreas ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Water

No abstract available.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Isotretinoin*

No abstract available.
Forearm*

Apoptosis (or programmed cell death) is defined by morphologic changes induced by a spectrum of physical and chemical agents. resulting in non-pathologic cell loss, which is relevant to a range of biological processes, including differentiation, development, maturation, and injury of cells as well as immunologic function. In this study, we examined the frequency of apoptotic bodies and mitoses (apoptotic and mitotic indices) in the tissue samples of 35 patients of prostatic carcinoma, which were grouped according to the Gleason scores, and 5 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The indices were determined as the numbers of apoptotic and mitotic bodies per 100 tumor cells in hematoxylin eosin stained section. The apoptotic bodies were confirmed by the in situ nick end labelling method. The apoptotic and mitotic indices were observed more frequently in prostatic carcinoma than the benign hyperplastic prostatic tissues with a positive correlation between the frequency of apoptotic bodies and Gleason scores in prostatic cancer. In conclusion, an increased programmed cell death was correlated with the increasing malignant potential (higher Gleason scores) in prostatic cancer.
Apoptosis ; Biological Processes ; Cell Death ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Mitosis ; Mitotic Index ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

Tailgut cyst of retrorectal space is uncommon and its classification and prognosis are unclear. The lesion usually consists of a multiloculated cyst lined by squamous, transitional, and glandular epithelium. Disorganized fascicles of smooth muscle may be seen in the wall. Glomus coccygeum, normally located at the tip of coccyx, is incidentally discovered in the presacral mass including tailgut cyst. We report a case of tailgut cyst in a 35 year old female who had internal hemorrhoid and intermittent anal pain for 3 years. Pelvic computerized tomography revealed a 3x2 cm sized mass in the presacral area. The mass was multicystic and lined by squamous, transitional, and peudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with inflammatory cells and scattered smooth muscle in the wall. Dermal adnexal structures were not present, which excluded dermoid cyst. A glomus body was identified in the surrounding soft tissue.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the treatment outcome and side effects of accelerated radiotherapy (RT) using concomitant boost for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Between April 1991 and December 1994, 102 patients with stage III NSCLC who had the favorable prognostic factors by CALGB criteria, were treated with concomitant boost radiotherapy. Patients were treated with standard large fields to 54 Gy in 6 weeks. The boost treatment was administered concomitantly during the last 2 weeks with a dose of 13 Gy in 10 fractions. The interfraction interval was at least 6 hours. The total tumor dose was 66-70 Gy, given over 6 weeks. RESULTS: With 30 months median follow-up period for survivors, median survival was 15 months with 2 and 3-year overall survival rates of 34% and 19%, respectively. Thirty patients (29%) who had achieved complete remission after RT showed significantly better 2-year survival rates than those without complete remission (58% vs 22%, p 0.001). Local failure and distant metastases as the first or only failure occurred in 40 (44%) and 13 (14%), respectively, and ultimate local and distant failure rates were 45% and 29%, respectively. Although Grade IV esophageal complication of T-E fistula was observed in one patient, most patients with pulmonary complication showed mild, transient radiation pneumonitis. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that the treatrnent of stage III NSCLC with concomitant boost RT may improve survival rates without enhanced radiation induced toxicity compared with conventional RT. Further investigation of dose escalation by conformal radiotherapy of combining chemotherapy and accelerated RT is warranted.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Drug Therapy ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; Radiotherapy* ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Survival Rate ; Survivors ; Treatment Outcome

The myocardial infarction is usually associated with the coronary artery disease in adults. It is unusual in chilhood and young adult but occasionally associated with coronary vasculitis. Takayasu's arteritis produces a panaortits with thickening of the adventitia and narrowing of aorta. Narrowing of coronary arteries is due to extension into these arteries of the processes of inflammation that occur in aorta. We report here two cases of Takayasu's aortitis causing acute myocardial infarction. Case 1 is a 17-year-old girl presented with the inferior myocardial infarction and the cerebral infarction. Digital subtraction aortography showed a diffuse narrowing of the aorta and the obstruction of both subclavian arteritis, right carotid artery and both femoral arteries. Case 2 is a 19-year-old male patient with anterior myocardial infarction. Coronary cineangiogram showed the beak like appearance of the left main coronay artery.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Adventitia ; Animals ; Aorta ; Aortitis* ; Aortography ; Arteries ; Arteritis ; Beak ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Inflammation ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Takayasu Arteritis ; Vasculitis ; Young Adult

Hand tumor may arise as primary growth from any of the tissue present in the hand. Most are benign and malignant are uncommon. The hand is a sensitive organ, has a little potential space and moving parts, so tumors are usually detected early because of pain, impairment of function or swelling. A knowledge of frequency, location and clinical characteristics of hand tumor is invaluable in diagnosis. Usually early susgical measure is the treatment of choice. For the period of 6 years from 1962 to 1977, 29 cases of hand tumor were treated surgically and the results of clinical observation were as follows 1. Of 29 cases, benign tumor was 25 cases (86%) and bone-origin tumor was 18 cases. Enchondroma and enchondromatosis was the most frequent (12 cases). 2. The tumor occurred 22 cases in phalanx, 10 in metacarpal, and 2 in carpal bones. 3. The tumors were treated with excision in 11 cases, curettage & bone graft in 10, amputation in 4, biopsy in 2 and no treamtent in 2. 4. The most frequent site of enchondroma and enchondromatosis were ulnar side, ring and little finger, and of these metacarpophalangeal joints were involved most frequently.
Amputation ; Biopsy ; Carpal Bones ; Chondroma ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Enchondromatosis ; Fingers ; Hand ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis* ; Mastoid*

ERCP may provide more definite diagnosis, preoperative guidance, and endoscopic therapy in many children with known and suspected disorders of the pancreas or biliary tract. To our knowledge, there has been rare case of ERCP in children and no reported case of ERCP performed in inf~int less than 2 years old in Korea. We report a case of KRCP performed in 26 month old girl who was admitted to evaluate jaundice. We diagnosed CBD stones and choledochal cyst, Todani type III containiaig stones by ERCP. After endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST), removal of stones, and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(END) her bilirubin level normalized about 2 months later.
Biliary Tract ; Bilirubin ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Pancreas ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic*