No abstract available.
Rhytidoplasty*

No abstract available.
Mandibular Fractures*

No abstract available.
Ring Chromosomes*

Endpgenous bacterial endophthalmitis develops mainly in a extremely ill patient or a immunologically compromised patient. As reported earlier, early suspicion and careful diagnostic evaluation and early aggressive treatment are important to treat endophthalmitis and prevent poor visual acuity. The authors experienced a case of endogenous endophthalmitis developed from pneumonia in chronic alcoholics patient. The pathogen was proved to be a Staphylococcus aureus by the culture of specimen obtained from the aqueous. Systemic, topical, subconjunctival and intravitreal antibiotic therapy were done, but the patient's eye progressed to phthisis state.
Alcoholics* ; Endophthalmitis* ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Glioma*

The constricted ear was suggested by Tanzer for the purpose of obviating the confusion involving lop ear, cup ear and prominent ear as defect whose helix turns down, and scapha and fossa triangularis are narrowed. The constricted ear has a spectrum of severity and therefore, requires a graded surgical approach. Tanzer has described the degree of deformities of the constricted ear as falling into three groups. For the correction of constricted ear, there are numerous techniques but we have had difficulties in adopting these techniques in various type. We also describe the various constricted ear as the Tanzer's classification and adopted three methods to each type, banner flap(group I), concha cartilage graft (group II) and rib cartilage graft(group III) for reducing postoperative deformity and confusion in correcting the ear deformities. Constricted ear repairs must be individualized to accomodate each specific deformity. We corrected 22 cases of constricted ear in 20 patients using each optimal method described above according to the degree of deformities. Mild deformities need only reshaping and adjusting of existing tissues, moderate deformities need additional skin and severe deformities require a cartilage graft. For correction of constricted ear, accurate identification of the severity of deformity is essential. The results were satisfactory and we report our experience with relative literatures.
Cartilage ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear* ; Humans ; Ribs ; Skin ; Transplants

The hemodynamic feature of the tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is best characterized by equality of left and right ventricular peak systolic pressure. The interventricular septum is flattened and thickened. Even after the right ventricular pressure is normalized in the postoperative period, the morphological abnormality continues for some time We have analyzed the morphological changes of the IVS echocardiographically after total correction and tried to correlate them with the prognosis of the patients. Forty five patients underwent total correction of TOF between May 1991 and July 1992.The IVS morphology was assessed with 2-D echocardiography before and after surgery. The control group consisted of 15 normal subjects(8 with functional cardiac murmur and 7 with non-cardiac diseases).We also evaluated the influence of the residual pulmonary regurgitation(PR) or pulmonic stenosis (PS) upon sequential changes in the end-systolic configuration and the thickness of the IVS. The following results were obtained. 1) Four months after total correction the IVS thickness and configuration at end-systole of the study patients were normalized, and they were not significantly different compared to those of the control group. 2) The postoperative residual PR of mild to moderate degree did not influence the course of morphological normalization. On the other hand, the postoperative residual PS greater than moderate degree hindered the normalization process. And the morphological abnormalities in the patients with the residual PS lasted longer than in the patients with the residual PR. 3) It would be necessary to perform cardiac catheterization in order to evaluate and to take care of the residual hemodynamic abnormalities if the IVS morphology remains to be abnormal even after one year after total correction.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography* ; Hand ; Heart Murmurs ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Tetralogy of Fallot* ; Ventricular Pressure

BACKGROUND: P300 component of the long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) provides information on conscious and cortical funtion. The P300 wave occures only for stimuli that somehow capture the patients attention. Therefore LLAEPs implys a degree of cognitive processing. We studied sedation scale and P300 wave to determine if LLAEPs could be utilized as electrophysiologic predictors of sedation. METHODS: The P300 component of LLAEPs from vertex was recorded from 10 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective surgery while they listened via headphones to a series of clicks which were interrupted unpredictably by a tone burst (2 KHz) before and after diazepam 0.04 mg/kg and 0.08 mg/kg IV. The patients were asked to concentrate on the clicks and to press a button whenever they detected a 2 KHz tone. And sedation scale also was measured. RESULTS: Amplitude of P300 was decreased and latency of P300 was increased in a dose-dependent manner with IV diazepam. Amplitude was greatest and latency was shortest in awake. And sedation scale also was increased according to increased IV diazepam adminstration. CONCLUSIONS: Both amplitude and latency may be highly related to the sedation scale with progressively increasing dose of diazepam. Therefore we conclude that P300 component of LLAEPs can be utilized as an electrophysiologic predictor of awareness and sedation.
Diazepam* ; Event-Related Potentials, P300* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory* ; Humans

Dizziness is the most common symptom in elderly patients and has been identified as a risk factor for falls. They can affect objectively the ability to achieve a stable gaze, posture, and gait. Research on the relationship between vestibular hypofunction and falls in elderly people has been rarely performed and the evidence is controversial. Because falls result from various combinations of many factors, validated tools should be used for assessment of falling. Many of the tests and numerous parameters associated with the risk of falling have already been introduced, however guidance on which test is most appropriate for use in a specific setting still lack in the medical community. Therefore, developement of comprehensive fall risk management guideline and assessment tool including physical, psychosocial, environmental factors are necessary to prevent falls in the elderly. Establishment of validity and reliability for relationship among several vestibular function test are more important to evaluate efficiently risk of falls in the dizzy patients. Also we can expect that decreasing risk of fall when conduct the developement of additional customized intervention method using verified assessment tools.
Accidental Falls ; Aged ; Dizziness ; Gait ; Humans ; Methods ; Posture ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk Factors ; Risk Management ; Vestibular Function Tests