No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Estrogens*

BACKGROUND: Despite concern about prevention of dermatophytosis, little is known about the survival period of dermatophytes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the survival period of dermatophytes according to various environmental conditions. METHODS: Scales for testing were collected from skin lesions of 25 patients with dermatophytosis. They were categorised into different treatment groups: kept scales themselves(S), scales in a humid condition(S+H), scales mixed with sterilized dusts(S+D), and scales mixed with sterilized dusts in a humid condition(S+D+H). They were then cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar once a week until there was no colony growth. Data was evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: 1) The mean survival period of Microsporum canis isolated from 5 patients with tinea(T.) capitis was 17.6(S+D+H), 16.6(S+D), 8.4(S+H) and 7 weeks(S). 2) The mean survival period of Trichophyton rubrum isolated from 20 patients of T. corporis, T. cruris, T. pedis & T. unguium was 11.8, 7.4, 9.4 and 12.2 weeks(S+D+H); 7.4, 6.8, 9.2 and 7.4 weeks(S+D); 6.6, 3.4, 8.0 and 10.4 weeks(S+H); 5.0, 2.8, 5.4, 8.2 weeks(S), respectively. CONCLUSION: We found that the survival period of dermatophytes was longest in scales mixed with sterilized dusts in a humid condition.
Agar ; Arthrodermataceae* ; Dust ; Glucose ; Humans ; Microsporum ; Skin ; Tinea ; Trichophyton ; Weights and Measures

From Mar. 1984 to Mar. 1994, we carried out 18 revision operations in patients who received Girdlestone operation due to the infection of hip was 7 cases, tuberculosis of hip was 3 cases, deep infections after implant insertion of hip were 5 cases, and pyogenic sequela was 1 case. The mean conversion period was 27 months. The leg length discrepancy, range of motion of hip, and Trendelenberg gait were examined before and after conversion to a total hip arthroplasty. The last functional state was evaluated and radiological examination was performed. In summary and Conclusion; 1. The time of performing revision hip arthroplasty was assessed by clinical, radiologic and laboratory finding, and the average time of conversion to total hip arthroplasty was 7.6 months after Girdlestone operation. 2. There was no case of recurrence of infection after revision operations. 3. At last follow-up after revision hip arthroplasty, the mean Harris Hip Score was 87.2(69.6–92.2) point. 4. Six patients had no pain, 8 patients had mild pain, and 2 patients had moderate pain. Nine patients were able to walk without ambulatory aids and 7 patients needed crutch or cane for walking. 5. At the time of revision hip arthroplasty, the average shortening of the resected limb was 4.2cm(1.6–7.3cm), and after revision operation, the average shortening was reduced to 1.2cm(0.8–2.2cm) 6. The technical difficulties, such as increased bleeding, bone deficiency, scar tissue formation, and limb shortening were encountered in all cases. 7. The peroneal nerve injury was developed in one patient who had conversion hip arthroplasty at 13 months after Girdlestone operation.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Canes ; Cicatrix ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Hemorrhage ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Peroneal Nerve ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Tuberculosis ; Walking

Cysticercosis which very rarly involves spinal canal, may show symptoms similar to herniated nucleus pulposus and cord tumor, and even myelogram may not be helpful for the accurate diagnosis. In this paper, a case in which free floating larvae of taenia solium mimicking intradural tumor by myelogram and clinical symptoms were presented. The present authors feel that cysitcercosis has to be considered as a cause when there is central filling defect of contrast media in myelogram.
Contrast Media ; Cysticercosis ; Diagnosis ; Larva ; Spinal Canal ; Spine ; Taenia solium

We report a case of vulvar syringoma suggesting milia. A 20-year-old pregnant woman visited the obstetrical department of our hospital for labor pain. On physical examination, the skin lesions were revealed accidently and showed symmetrically distributed, numerous, 2-4mm sized, yellow to skin colored papules on the vulva. The lesions developed in the fifth gestational month and were aggravated thereafter. After delivery, we performed a skin biopsy of the lesion. Histopathologic findings of the biopsy specimen showed the typical findings of syringoma and milia.
Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Labor Pain ; Physical Examination ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Skin ; Skin Pigmentation ; Syringoma ; Vulva* ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Salivary Glands*

Clinical evaluation was made on management of 40 patients with 42 staghorncalculi from April, 1991 to September, 1993. Treatment modalities were PCNL + ESWL(35.7%), PCNL(16.7%), ESWL(14.3%), anatrophic nephrolithotomy(14.3%), nephrectomy(9.5%), extended pyelo1ithotomy(7.1%) and anatrophic nephrolithotomy + ESWU2.4%). Stone free rate was l00% with PCNL+ESWL, 85.7% with anatrophic nephrolithotomy, 66.7% with ESWL, 66.7% with extended pyelolithotomy and 38.99S with PCNL. 1n ESWL monotherapy, the mean sessions of ESWL were 12 for complete staghorn calculi and 5 for partial staghorn calculi respectively. In PCNL + ESWL combined therapy, 3.6 sessions for complete staghorn calculi and 2.6 sessions for partial staghorn calculi were needed. The number of ESWL session increased with presence of caliceal dilatation. (the average ESWL sessions of normal caliceal system compared with dilated caliceal system were 5.3 vs. 7 in ESWL monotherapy, 2.7 vs. 3.4 in PCNL + ESWL combined therapy) We conclude that PCNL + ESWL may be the most reliable therapeutic modality on management of complete or partial staghorn calculi.
Calculi* ; Dilatation ; Humans

We evaluated the availability of Lithoclast in ureteroscopic removal of stone retrospectively. We treated 62 patients(68cases) with ureteral calculi using stone basket or Swiss Lithoclast lithotriptor with the rigid ureteroscope (URS) between December 1993 and February 1995. The success rates of URS were 93%(63/68), and Lithoclast use rates were 77%(52/68). According to stone site, Lithoclast use rates were 68%(28/41) in the lower ureter, 86%(12/14) in the mid, 92%(12/13) in upper ureter respectively. According to stone size, Lithoclast use rates were 50%(4/8) in less than 0.5cm, 75%(30/40) in 0.6-1.0cm, 89%(16/18) in 1.1-2.0cm, 100%(2/2) in above 2.0cm respectively The Lithoclast successfully fragmented stones. There were 5 failures of URS due to failure in access to stone by URS(4 cases), impacted stone(1 case). Reoperation consist of URS in 2 cases, ureterolithotomy in 2 cases and nephrectomy in 1 case. The complications of Lithoclast use URS were insignificant such as gross hematuria(3 cases), infection(2 cases), flank pain(1 case). There were no intraoperative or long term complications directly related to the use of this device. In conclusion, Swiss lithoclast lithotripsy significantly contributed to improve the success rates in treatment of ureteral stone, and is a safe, effective and inexpensive device.
Lithotripsy ; Nephrectomy ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Ureter ; Ureteral Calculi ; Ureteroscopes

The adverse effects of prolonged exposure of pancreatic islets to supraphysiologic glucose concentrations (i.e. glucose toxicity) is mediated at least in part by glucose oxidation and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can impair insulin gene expression and beta cell function. Multiple biochemical pathways and mechanisms of action for glucose toxicity have been suggested. These include glucose autoxidation, protein kinase C activation, methylglyoxal formation and glycation, hexosamine metabolism, sorbitol formation, and oxidative phosphorylation. There are many potential mechanisms whereby excess glucose metabolites traveling along these pathways might cause beta cell damage. However, all these pathways have in common the formation of reactive oxygen species that, in excess and over time, cause chronic oxidative stress, which in turn causes defective insulin gene expression and insulin secretion as well as increased apoptosis. The intracellular peroxide levels of the pancreatic islets (INS-1 cells, rat islets) by flow cytometry were increased in the high glucose media compared to 5.6 mM glucose media. The insulin, MafA, PDX-1 mRNA levels and glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were decreased in high glucose media compared to 5.6 mM glucose media. The HO-1 seems to mediate the protective response of pancreatic islets against the oxidative stress that is due to high glucose conditions. Also, we observed decreased glutathione level, gamma-GCS expression and increased oxidized LDL, malondialdehyde level at leukocytes and mesothelial cells from patients with Korean Type 2 Diabetes (esp, poorly controlled patients). In conclusion, this pathophysiologic sequence sets the scene for considering antioxidant therapy as an adjunct in the management of diabetes, especially type 2 Diabetes.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; Glucose ; Glutathione ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; Islets of Langerhans ; Leukocytes ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Malondialdehyde ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Oxidative Stress ; Protein Kinase C ; Pyruvaldehyde ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Sorbitol

No abstract available.