Entrapment neuropathy of the suprascapular nerve is rare and frequently overlooked in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain. There have been few published reports on a ganglion compressing the suprascapular nerve. We experienced a case of entrapment neuropathy of the suprascapular nerve by a ganglion that compressed the inferior branch of suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Ganglion Cysts ; Shoulder Pain

PURPOSE: To compare the results of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by open and arthroscopic method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 1997, 18 reconstructions of posterior cruciate ligament were performed. Group 1 (open method) was composed of 9 cases and group 2 (arthroscopic method) was consisted of 9 cases. After 21-month follow-up, The two groups were compared by clinical and radiologic methods. RESULTS: Clinically, Lysholm knee score was 80 points in group 1 and 83 points in group 2 after operation. Post operative results by Hughston's criteria were good in 5, fair in 2 and poor in 2 cases (group 1) and good in 6, fair in 2 and poor in 1 cases (group 2). Radiologically, post operative average of posterior drawer stress view was 5.2 mm (group 1) and 5.0 mm (group 2). Almost double the operation time was taken to reconstruct posterior cruciate ligament by arthroscopic method than open method. There were technical errors in 2 cases performed by arthroscopic method. CONCLUSIONS: The results of both methods had no significant difference. We think that the reconstruction of PCL using patellar tendon by open method is a recommendable treatment method together with arthroscopic method, if the merits or demerits of both methods are considered carefully. But more long-term follow-up is necessary to compare the results of PCL reconstruction by open and arthroscopic methods.
Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament

While the microbiology of cellulitis in the pediatric population and systemic diseases(DM, Cirrhosis, etc) is well known,the causative bacteria and clinical aspect of cellulitis in young adults are less descrihed. this study was undertaken to identify the causative organisms and clinical aspect of adult cellulits. We analysed 121 medical records of 115 young adult patients with cellulitis who had been admitted at the department of orthopaedic surgery, National Police hospital from Jan. 1994. to Dec. 1996. The results were as follows. 1. The age of patient was between 21 yrs and 25 yrs, and the sex of all patients was male. 2. The lower leg and foot were the most frequently involved site of cellulitis as 92 cases(74.2%). 3. The potals were suspected in 65 cases(56.5%),of them, traumas were detected in 43 cases(66.1%), non-traumatic skin lesions in 23 cases(33.9%). 4. In most cases, initial systemic symptoms (fever, chill, headache, etc.) and local symptoms (local heating, tenderness, etc.) were found. 5. The laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis in 19%, elevated ESR in 94%, positive CRP in 80%. 6. Microorganism were detected in 16 of 38 pus cultures. Gram positive microorganisms were detected in 15 of 16 cases culture positive. 7. 6.7% of patients with cellulitis experienced recurrence in same lesions. In conclusion, the retrospective analysis of 115 young adult patients with cellulitis showed that primary cause of young adult cellulit was circulatory disturbance and lymphatic obstruction of the lower extremities most often involved by trauma. therefore, supportive treatments such as rest,elevation,ice packs are considered prior to antibiotic treatment.antibiotic treatment aimed at gram-positive cocci appears to be sufficient.
Adult ; Bacteria ; Cellulitis* ; Fibrosis ; Foot ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Headache ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Leg ; Leukocytosis ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Medical Records ; Police ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Suppuration ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Kidney* ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive*

Cobb syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous angiomatosis characterized by a vascular skin nevus associated with a spinal cord angioma of the same metamere. A 14-year-old girl had an asymptomatic large cutaneous hemangioma distributed from the TI dermatome downward to the L3 dermatome since birth and complained of a gait disturbance and urination difficulty for 1 year. A biopsy specimen in the skin lesion revealed the findings of capillary hemangioma. From C7 downward to L4 posterior epidural hemangioma composed of arteriovenous and cavernous components was diagnosed by radiological examination and surgical exploration. Because of very extensive cord hemangioma, only partial removal of the tumor at T11, T12 and L1 level was performed and postoperatively she was transferred to a special facility for rehabilitative therapy.
Adolescent ; Angiomatosis ; Biopsy ; Female ; Gait ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Capillary ; Humans ; Nevus ; Parturition ; Skin ; Spinal Cord ; Urination

BACKGROUND: Increased left ventricular mass in patients with essential hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic renal failure or in general population has been suggested as a useful predictor of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many studies have reported that left ventricular mass is correlated postively with body size. Thereafter normalization of left ventricular studies, but it is uncertain which is appropriate. This study was designed to determine the appropriate method for normalization of left ventricular mass to exclude influence of body size in normal adults. METHODS: We measured left ventricular mass 100 normal adults by M-mode echocardiogram using ASE cube method without(Devereux and Reichek's method) and with correction(Devereux and Alonso's method). Left ventricular mass were normalized for body weight, height, body surface area, body surface area1.5, height2.0 and height2.7 RESULTS: 1) Left ventricular mass by Devereux and Reichek's method correlated well with that by Devereux and Alonso's method(r=1.0,p<0.001). 2) Corrected left ventricular mass correlated well with weight(r=0.64, p<0.001), height(r=0.49, p<0.05), body surface area(r=0.53, p<0.01) and body mass index(r=0.58, p<0.001). 3) Correlation coefficients of left ventricular mass/weight with weight, of ventricular mass/height with height, of ventricular mass/height2.0 with height, of ventricular mass/height2.7 with height, of ventricular mass/body surface area with body surface area and of ventricular mass/body surface area1.5 with body surface area were 0.12, -0.05, -0.29, -0.42, 0.13 and -0.11 respectively. 4) Peak systolic wall stress correlated with age and left ventricular mass, but end systolic wall stress did not correlated with left ventricular mass. CONCLUSIONS: The current indexation method of left ventricular mass for height may reduce the variability associated with body size. Furthermore, it could be used reliably in normal Korean adults.
Adult* ; Body Height ; Body Size* ; Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Mortality

No abstract available.
Prognathism

Granulomatous(lobular) mastitis is a distinct disease entity of unknown etiology which is characterized by noncaseating granulomatous lobulocentric inflammation. We describe a rare case of granulomatous(lobular) mastitis of a 36 year-old pregnant woman a review of the literature. The mass which was discovered in the third month of her pregnancy, began as a localized, nontender mass on the left breast and persisted during her entire pregnancy. It decreased slightly in size when she began taking post-partum bromocriptine. Clinically and mammographically, the mass was highly suspected as a carcinoma with axillary lymph node metastasis. Fine needle aspiration smears revealed numerous aggregates of granulomas composed of epithelioid histiocytes admixed with multinucleated giant cells of Langhans' and foreign body type, and collections of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Ziehl-Neelsen, silver methenamine and PAS stain were negative for acid-fast bacilli, fungus, and bacilli on the smear respectively. Histologically, granulomatous inflammation was centered on the breast lobules. Caseation necrosis was absent, instead, numerous microabscesses were formed in the center of the granulomas. Cultures of the fresh tissue for the AFB, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and fungus were all negative. Excision of the mass was performed without further treatment and there was no recurrence of the mass 6 months postoperatively. An autoimmune mechanism, infection, and some association with oral contraceptives have been suggested as etiologic factors in the literature.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans

Iatrogenically developed immunosuppression-associated Kaposis sarcoma is the result of immunosuppressive therapy after an organ transplantation, particularly after a renal transplantation. Since the advent of powerful immunosuppressive agents such as cyclosporine, recently the incidence of Kaposis sarcoma has been increased. In addition to immunosuppression, other factors, such as genetic predisposition, environmental and geographic factors, and oncogenic viruses, may play a role in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Ilerein we report a case of Keposis sarcoma with multiple organ involvement of the skin, lung, small intestine and mesenteric lymph node in a renal allograft recipient who received cyclosporine and prednisolone. Reduction of the dosage of immunosuppressant for 1 month resulted in improvement of the cutaneous lesions.
Allografts* ; Cyclosporine ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Geography ; Immunosuppression ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Incidence ; Intestine, Small ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Oncogenic Viruses ; Organ Transplantation ; Prednisolone ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin ; Transplants

The bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling study provides valuable cell kinetic information for individual tumors that could suggest the prognosis of each patient who had a tumor. Recently, a monoclonal antibody against the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA or cyclin), a nuclear protein expressed in proliferating cells, was developed which could be used on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. The purpose of this study was to compare the cell kinetic data obtained by the BrdU labeling study and the PCNA method in the same patient. The relationship between labeling indices of BrdU incorporated into S-phase and PCNA expressed by cycling cells was investigated in 31 patients with brain tumors. Both of the labeling indices showed good correlation with histological grade of the tumor. The values of the PCNA labeling index (LI) were parallel but higher than those of the BrdU LI, and the relation PCNA LI = 2.2 x BrdU LI + 0.8 (r2 = 0.86) was obtained. The results of this study show that PCNA could replace the BrdU method for identifying the proliferating cells, and the major advantages of PCNA method is that it could be done without any pretreatment and avoid injection of the teratogenic agent for diagnostic purpose.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms/*pathology ; Bromodeoxyuridine/*metabolism ; Cell Division ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Human ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Age ; Nuclear Proteins/*analysis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't