Hepatobiliary interventional procedures are most important and commonly practiced procedures in Korea. These procedures comprise about 60~80% of procedures in interventional radiology. We can do percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD), percutaneous cholecystostomy in patients with bile duct and cystic duct obstruction. These procedures prevent high-risk operation and are performed on an emergency basis in some patients with bile infection. A residual biliary stone after operation can be removed with basket and shock wave without reoperation and multiple intrahepatic stones also can be removed through the PTBD tract without operation. Transarterial chemoembolization is a very effective method and has the widest range of indications in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Also we can treat HCC percutaneously with local injection of absolute ethanol and radiofrequency ablation. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS) has replaced surgical shunt operation in variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. Resection of a large volume of liver is a very safe method after portal vein embolization of a lobe to be resected due to hypertrophy of the remaining lobes of the liver. Metallic stenting of kinking vessels always shows excellent results and we can employ this technique for hepatic vein and portal vein kinking after living-donor liver transplantation.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Catheter Ablation ; Cholecystostomy ; Cystic Duct ; Emergencies ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Ethanol ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Transplantation ; Methods ; Portal Vein ; Radiology, Interventional ; Reoperation ; Shock ; Stents

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation* ; Pelvic Floor*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract availalbe.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Lamivudine*

No abstract available.
Aircraft* ; Mass Media*

BACKGROUND: Despite concern about treatment of sporotrichosis, little is known about the sensitivity of S. schenckii against antifungal agents. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate minimal irihibitory concentration(MIC) of antifungal agents against S.chenckii. METHOD: The tested strains were seven in number. The tested antifngal agents were ketoconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and potassium iodide. A various concentration of drugs were mixed into fluid media containing 50% ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and distilled water. The inoculum consisted of 3mm block containing hyphae and spores. RESULTS: MIC ranges of ket.oconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and potassium iodide were 0.39- 25pg/ml, 0.78-25pg/ml, 0.78-25pg/ml, and 75-550pg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSION: We find that ketoconazole is the most active drug against S. schenckii.
Amphotericin B ; Antifungal Agents* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Ethanol ; Hyphae ; Itraconazole ; Ketoconazole ; Potassium Iodide ; Spores ; Sporothrix* ; Sporotrichosis ; Water

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Melanosomes were isolated from the human hair by graded centrifugation and identified by transmission and scanning electron microscopic examination. Melanosomes were separated from the keratinous structures by treating with strong NaOH solution for 15 hours. The keratinous structures were removed by centrifugation ai 2,500xg and 3,500xg for 10 minutes respectively at 0 ℃. The isolated melanosomes were collected by centrifugation at 7,800xg at 0 ℃. Scanning electron microscopic examination made it possible to evaluate the global structure of purified melanosomes.
Centrifugation ; Hair* ; Humans* ; Melanosomes* ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Most cases of spondylolisthesis are asymptomatic and successfully managed with conservative treatment. Operation was performed in 20% of symptomatic cases having severe back pain, neurological symptoms and or progressive slipping. Although surgical treatments are divided into decompression and fusion, various methods were tried frorn simple Gill's resection to posterior and/or anterior fusion with instrumentation in case of severe slipping. The authors reviewed 49 cases of symptomatic spondylolisthesis, who were surgically treated, and well followed up at Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital during past 6 years from January, 1981, to June, 1987. l. Among 49 cases, 23 were isthmic type and 26 were degenerative in nature, and 40 were females. 24 patients(92.3%) of degenerative type were female over 4th decade. Mean age was 47.9 years. 2. The most common site of involvement was L4–5 intervertebral space(25 cases,; 51.0%). 17 cases(73.9%) of isthmic thpe were involved in L5-Sl intervertebral space, and 21 cases (80.8%) of degenerative type were involved L4–L5 intervertebral space. 3. The symptoms were low back pain, intermittent claudication and sciatica in order of incidence. 4. The average slipping measured by Taillard method was 19.5%, and Meyerding's grade I slipping(69.3%) was the highest in the percentile incidence. The average degree of slipping in isthmic type(23.6%) was greater than that of degenerative type(16.4%). 5. Myelogram mainly showed complete or near complete block in degenerative type and ventral indentation in isthmic type. C–T myelogram showed mainly central stenosis in degenerative type, and nerve root compression in isthmic type. 6. In 9 cases,anterior fusions were done ; 5 degenerative and 4 isthmic. In 37 cases, decompression and posteriolateral fusions were done with or without instrumentation ; instrumented in 11 cases. 7. Clinically, the results were judged as excellent in 16 cases(32.7%), good in 26 cases(53.1 %), fair in 6 cases(12.2%), poor in 1 case(2.1%). Thus, 42 cases(85.8%) were considered satisfactory. The satisfactory results were obtained in 77.8% of anterior interbody fusion cases, 88 5% of posterolateral fusion cases, 90.7% of decompression and posterolateral fusion with instrumentation cases. There was no appreciable difference in clinical results between isthmic and degenerative types. 8. There were no changes in slipping in 35 cases(71.5%), Partial reduction were possible in 13 cases(28.5%), and further splipping developed in a patient who had decompression surgery alone. Among 46 cases of vertebral fusion, complete fusion was obtained in 43 cases(93.5%) within one year. 9. Solid anterior spondylodesis was obtained in all the cases of degenerative type, while in 2 cases(50%) of the isthmic type, graft crumbled with redisplacement and delayed fusion. Through the results, it is concluded that posterior instrumentation may not be essential for the successful spondylodesis in cases of posterolateral fusion, since there was no statistical significance in the results between the instrumented and non-instrumented, and isthmic type and degenerative type, and that anterior interbody fusion is best indicated for the treatrment of the degenerative type and not for the isthmic type. Therefore, if anterior interbody fusion is chosen for the successful treatment of isthmic type, a certain type of internal fixator should be combined.
Back Pain ; Clinical Study ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Decompression ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intermittent Claudication ; Internal Fixators ; Low Back Pain ; Methods ; Radiculopathy ; Sciatica ; Spinal Fusion ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants