PURPOSE: Beginning in the eighth week of fetal life the neuroblasts migrate from the midline to the periphery to form the gray matter of the cerebral cortex. Abnormalities of cell migration are characterized by ectopic location of neurons in the cerebral cortex. This broad group of anomalies include lissencephaly, schizencephaly, cortical dysplasia, gray matter heterotopia, and unilateral hemimegalencephaly. The purpose of this study was to correlate clinical data with anatomic data, which was evaluated by brain magnetic resonance imaging characteristics that are most useful in predicting clinical METHODS: The clinical records, EEG, and MRI findings of 20 patients with neuronal migration disorders were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The 20 patients with neuronal migration disorders consisted of 11 with lissencephaly, 7 with cortical dysplasia, 2 with heterotopia, and 2 with schizencephaly. Clinically, seizure was the most common symptom in 85%, next developmental delay in 50%, and then delayed speech in 25%, motor deficit 15% in order. The main associated brain anomalies included absence of septum pellucidum in 20%, periventricular leukomalacia in 15%, and corpus callosal agenesis in 15% of Patients. Bilateral involvement of lesion in MRI was 60%, comparing to unilateral lesion in 40% of the patients. The most common involved lobes was frontoparietal region. An abnormality of EEG examination was showed in 11 cases of patients(68.7%). Patients with diffuse, bilateral lesion in MRI findings of neuronal migration disorders had significantly developmental delay than those with unilateral lesion(p=0.0007). Patients with unilateral lesion had significantly motor deficit than those with bilateral lesion(p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Seizures were the most common symptoms among neurological manifestations of neuronal migration disorders. Statistically significant correlations of delayed developement with bilateral lesion and motor deficit with unilateral lesion were found.
Brain* ; Cell Movement ; Cerebral Cortex ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; Lissencephaly ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Neuronal Migration Disorders* ; Neurons* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Septum Pellucidum

No abstract available.
Humerus* ; Neck*

Trachea is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium which usually expresses a complex mixture of stratified as well as simple epithelial-type cytokeratins. In the present work, the cytokeratin expressions was studied immunohistochemically in the tracheal epithelium and gland of human fetus at 14, 26 and 32 weeks of gestation. The primary antibodies used were CK7, 8, 10, 14, 18, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. In PAS-hematoxylin stain, the tracheal eithelium was composed of pseudostratified ciliated columnar type and consisted of surface, intermediate and basal layers regardless of gestational ages. The PAS positive cells, however, were decreased in number in proportion to gestational ages. The tracheal gland was not fully differentiated at 14 weeks of gestation, and had well differentiated secretory portions consisting mucous and serous cells at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation. The mucous cells and luminal border of the duct were positive for PAS stain. The tracheal eithelium showed different immunoreactivity between cartilageous and membranous portions. In general, CK7 and 5D3 were expressed in surface cells, AE8 in intermediate cells, and MNFl16 and AE3 in the cells of all layers. At 14 weeks of gestation, the tracheal epithelium immunoreacted for CK7, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The premordium of tracheal gland was positive for 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The tracheal epithelium at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation showed same staining properties to those at 14 weeks of gestation. The duct cells at 26 weeks of gestation were immunoreactive for CK7, 8, 14, 18, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3, and those at 32 weeks of gestation were immunoreactive for CK7, 14, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The acinar cells at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation were positively stained for CK7, 8, 18, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. These results suggest that CK7 and 5D3 may serve as useful markers for mature cilated cells, AE8 (CKl3) for immature ciliated cells, and CKl4 for duct cells in tracheal epithelium and gland.
Acinar Cells ; Antibodies ; Epithelium* ; Fetus* ; Gestational Age ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins* ; Phenobarbital ; Pregnancy ; Trachea

No abstract available.
Humans ; Multivariate Analysis* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Injuries to the ligament and other supporting structures of the knee joint are becoming very frequent because of the increasing popularity of sports and the complexity of traffic & industrial accidents in the modern society. There have been much development in undtrstanding the anatomy, function and biomechanics of the knee in recent years. Accurate surgical technique, energetic physiotherapy and appropriate use of brace are essential to obtain the maximum rehabilitation of the injured knees. It is long realized that some sort of knee brace is necessary as a means of stabilizing the injured knee either as a conservative treatment or as a adjuvant treatment treatment pre-or postoperatively before full rehabilitation is attained. We have introuced Lenox Hill Derotation Brace for the first time in Korea, employed in 24 case(26 knees) and found the following advantages. 1. It is light and easy to apply. 2. It is possible to control all kind of the knee instability. 3. It is possible to engage in any activity with the Brace in place without limitation of the knee motion. therefore, we recommend the Brace as a very usefull adjuvant for the proper treatment of the injured knee.
Accidents, Occupational ; Braces ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Rehabilitation ; Sports

Surgical management was considered on 61 cases of renal stone, admitted to the Dept of Urology, National Medical Center from Jan, 1976 to Dec 1979. In the 4 years of period, there were 798 inpatients which included 207 patients of urinary stone, Renal stone occupied 29% of urolithiasis. Pyelolithotomy was performed in 26 patients, nephrectomy in 12, nephrolithotomy in 11, extended pyelolithotomy in 7 and partial nephrectomy in one patient. The major reasons of nephrectomy were severely damaged kidney in 3 cases and vascular injury in 3 cases. Urine leakage over 15 days was not noted in any case. Massive bleeding occurred in 1 case after nephrolithotomy, which required subsequent nephrectomy on postoperative 12th day. No death was experienced among the cases.
Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis ; Urology ; Vascular System Injuries

Experiments were performed in mice (Balb/C) to support the basic efficacy of the human immunoglobulin (IgG) preparation. The antibacterial activity of IgG purified from human sera was examined with or without the quinolone agent, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens. Results were as follows: Antibacterial activities in terms of percentage of survivors, after administration of Ps. aeruginosa into mouse intraperitoneal cavity were in the following order, single IgG group, CPFX administration after IgG pretreatment group, IgG and CPFX combined administration group and CPFX alone group. The number of living bacteria was monitored in blood and liver tissue of mice infected with Ps. aeruginosa and treated by IgG administration. The increase of living bacteria in liver was more drastic than that in blood. Leukocytosis was observed in mice injected with IgG, excluding those only with ciprofloxacin, after 8 hours of administration to see a decrease to normal number of bacteria after 18 hours. No significant difference was noticed between pretreatment group and post treatment group. In vitro susceptibility test of IgG against Ps. aeruginosa, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 250 µg/ml, resistant to IgG, regardless of a combined administration with CPFX. In vitro test revealed that the IgG itself did not have anti-Ps. aeruginosa activity.
Animals ; Bacteria ; Ciprofloxacin* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Leukocytosis ; Liver ; Mice ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pseudomonas* ; Survivors

Total hip replacement, with a prosthesis replacing both the acetabular socket and the femoral head, has been developed during the last decade and is now being used extensively. Its major advantage is rapid rehabilitation of the patient, particularly when both the femorsl head and the acetabulum are diseased. Nine Cases of total hip replacements were performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital from January 1972 to March 1976. Although the follow-up (range 4 months to 3 years) in the majority is too short to permit a complete assessment of the results, in our series, most patients presented for surgical treatment for the relief a pain and mobility has been complete.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rehabilitation

No abstract available.