We examined the nuclear overexpression of p53 protein by immunohistochemical analysis of the deparaffinized tumor tissue specimens from 45 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The data were then correlated with conventional prognostic variables such as histologic tumor grade, stage and DNA ploidy. In addition, we related the expression of the 53 protein to indicators of cellular proliferative activity, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), mean number of silver-binding nucleoar organizer regions(AgNORs) per nucleus, flow cytometric S-phase fraction(SPF) and proliferation index(PI). Survivals of the patients according to mutant p53 protein expression, stratified by histologic tumor grade and stage were analyzed.None of the urothelial cells from normal bladder specimens showed nuclear expression of mutant p53 protein. Mutant p53 protein expression was not associated with histologic tumor grade, stage, flow cytometric SPF and PI, but there was an association between mutant p53 protein expression and flow cytometric DNA ploidy with marginal statistical significance(p=0.0892) There was statistically significant difference of mutant p53 protein expression between low and high AgNORs counts per nucleus(p=0.0108), but here was no significant correlation between mutant p53 protein expression and PCNA expression rate. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, we could not identify the statistically significant difference of survivorship between patients with and without mutant p53 expression. These results suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of bladder cancer specimens could be a good method of screening for the presence of mutant p53 protein, and mutant p53 protein expression may be an indicator of bladder cancer with more proliferative and/or aggressive activity, but it may not be an clinically useful prognostic factor in patients with bladder TCC.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; DNA ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Mass Screening ; Mutant Proteins ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

This Study was designed to characterize the unfavorable prognostic factors of renal cell carcinoma through reviewing 27 cases with radical nephrectomy during the past 10 years from 1976 through 1986. The presence or absence of tumor invasion into renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal vein, regional lymph node, pelvis and/or ureter, hematuria at the time of first examination and the difference in the size of tumor and tumor cell type were studied. The 100 person-year mortality rates were analyzed with the chosen prognostic variables. Tests of significance between the difference in mortality rates of each two groups with or without a given characteristics were performed with Z-test. Author results as follows. : 1. The survival rate was decreased independently by the unfavorable factors such as the presence of tumor invasion into renal vein, regional lymph node, pelvis and/or ureter and tumor cell type other than clear cell(P<0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.05 respectively). 2. The survival rate was not affected by the following factors such as the presence or absence of hematuria at the time of first examination, tumor invasion into renal capsule, perinephric fat and the difference in size of tumor.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Hematuria ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Nephrectomy ; Pelvis ; Prognosis ; Renal Veins ; Survival Rate ; Ureter

Urethral stricture usually follows the urethral rupture and periodical urethral soundation, which is an annoying procedure for. patients, is the usual method of treatment throughout their life. A case of urethral stricture who was successfully treated with modified Cecil's Operation, is presented.
Humans ; Rupture ; Urethral Stricture*

No abstract available.
Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Prostate* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction

Fifty cases of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection were selected and 3.0gm of Carfecillin was given for one day in two doses. The clinical and bacteriological results were compared with the results of 32 cases of the urinary tract infection who was given 200 mg of Doxycycline daily for 7 days. Of 50 patients receiving Carfecillin only 23 cases were sensitive to Carfecillin though 32 patients receiving Doxycycline were all sensitive to Doxycycline on prior to treatment urine culture. Carfecillin was effective in 34 cases among 38 cases of cystitis while Doxycycline was effective in 12 cases among 21 cases of cystitis. In 7 out of 12 cases of pyelonephritis Carfecillin was effective, while Doxycycline was effective in 9 out of 11 cases. Among 23 cases which were sensitive to Carfecillin, Carfecillin single day treatment was effective in 13 out of 17 cases of cystitis and 4 out of 6 cases of pyelonephritis. Both Carfecillin and Doxycycline showed good efficacy to E-coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Streptococcus and Enterobacter. A single day treatment of Carfecillin was as effective as a conventional treatment of Doxycycline for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
Carfecillin* ; Cystitis ; Doxycycline ; Enterobacter ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Pyelonephritis ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Local contributing factors in penile erection are trabecular smooth muscle, endothelium, trabecular fibroelastic components, tunica albuginea and local neuro-control. There are three neuroeffector systems in local neuro-control for penile erection. One is adrenergic system causing contraction and the others are cholinergic and noncholinergic nonadrenergic system causing relaxation of corpus cavernosum under normoxia. The effect of these systems under hypoxic condition however is not fully understood. The aims of this study were to detect the pharmacophysiological changes of corporal smooth muscle about 3 local neuroeffector systems under hypoxia in the rabbit and to apply the results of study to the management of the priapism. The strips of rabbit corporal tissues were studied for isometric tension measurement under normoxia, hypoxia and cooling condition in the organ chambers. Influence of NL- monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and L-arginine to acetylcholine under normoxia and effects of phenylephrine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, VIP, endothelin 1, papaverine and KCI on the rabbit corpus cavernosal tissue were monitored under normoxia and hypoxia and changes under cooling condition were observed. Relaxing effect of acetylcholine under normoxia was suppressed with L-NMMA and this suppression was reversed with L-arginine. Relaxation with acetylcholine and contraction with endothelin 1 were suppressed under hypoxic condition. Contracting effect of norepinephrine and phenylephrine was stronger under hypoxia or cooling condition than normoxia or 37 degrees C condition respectively. Relaxing effect of VIP and papaverine on corpus cavernosa was similar under normoxia or hypoxia. These results suggest that endothelium-dependent relaxation by cholinergic and noncholinergic nonadrenergic system and endothelium-dependent contraction by endothelin 1 are suppressed under hypoxic condition. VIP related noncholinergic nonadrenergic relaxation and direct relaxation effect of papaverine to corporal smooth muscle are preserved under hypoxia. Application of adrenergics and local irrigation with cold saline would be effective in the management of priapism.
Acetylcholine ; Adrenergic Agents ; Anoxia* ; Arginine ; Endothelin-1 ; Endothelium ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Norepinephrine ; omega-N-Methylarginine ; Papaverine ; Penile Erection ; Phenylephrine ; Priapism ; Relaxation

Ureteral surgery is one of the most common operation in urinary tract, for that reason, the postoperative clinical progress and complications are various and complicate. A retrospective study was`conducted on 153 patients who had undergone ureteral surgery, which were ureterolithotomy (69), ureteral instrumentation for lower ureteral stone (72), ureteroneocystostomy (5), urinary diversion (5), ureteroplasty (1) and ureterectomy combined with ureterocelectomy (1). Various complications occured in 57 patients of total 153 patients who had undergone ureteral surgery. The most common complications of each of ureterolithotomy and ureteral instrumentation as the common ureteral surgery were 21 cases (30.4%) of urinary leakage among 69 ureterolithotomies and 13 cases (18.1%) of gross hematuria among 72 ureteral instrumentations.
Hematuria ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Ureter* ; Urinary Diversion ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Circumcision, Male* ; Female ; Male ; Wounds and Injuries*

Ureteral stricture are not uncommon sequelae in renal tuberculosis. Oral steroid therapy has been tried as an alternative to surgery in some of these patient on several reports. Three ureteral stricture were effective in 5 patient by oral steroid therapy.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter*