Fractures of the proximal humerus in children are rare and according to Neer and Horwitz, fractures of the proximal humeral epiphysis constitute 3% of all epiphyseal injury. The most frequently reported complications are humeral shortening, varus angulation, and neurovascular complications. Closed anatomic reduction in frscture of the proximsl humerus is very difficult, so reported modes of treatment have ranged from aggressive attempts at reduction to simple neglect. Twenty nine fractures of the proximal humerus in children which were treated at Seve- rance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine from July 1982 to December 1986 were snalyzed both clinically and radiologically and the following results were obtained. 1. The age of the patients in this series ranged from 3 years to 18 years and the most frequently between the age of 12 years to maturity. And the oldest age was 18 years in male and 17 years in female. 2. Among the 29 frsctures, 21 cases were involving the proximal humeral epiphysis and all the injuries were Salter-Harris type Il epiphyse14 fracture. And 8 cases were fracture through the proximal humeral metaphysis not involving epiphysis. 3. Sixteen cases(55%) hsd associated injuries and the common associated injuries were fracture of the lower extremity, and fracture of same upper extremity were 5 cases(17%). 4. The fracture were graded according to their initial displacement(Neer snd Horwitz) and grade I, 6 cases, grade II, 3 csses, grade , 5 cases and grade IV were 15 cases. 5. Eight cases of grade I and II fractures were treated by simple immobilization. And among the twenty cases of grade III and 1V fractures, 12 cases were trested by closed reduction and immobilization and 9 cases, by open reduction. 6. Regardless of displacement of fractures and modes of treatment, all cases were united between six weeks to twelve weeks with full range of motion and no pain. 7. There were two cases of K-wire loosening, two cases of transient nerve palsy and one case of varus angulation.
Child ; Clinical Study ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Paralysis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Upper Extremity

Rieger's syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant developmental anomaly characterized by ocular and systemic abnomalities. These disorders are typically bilateral and usually diagnosed at birth or in the childhood. The most common ocular defects are hypoplasia of the iris, a prominent Schwalbe's line with iris strands and corectopia. A large number of patients have glaucoma due to devel-opmental defects of the anterior chamber angle structure. The authors experienced a case of Rieger's syndrome which was found in 31-year-old female, who had characteristic ocular and other systemic abnormalities. Associated glaucoma was well controlled by filtering surgery.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Atrophy ; Edema ; Female ; Filtering Surgery ; Frontal Lobe ; Glaucoma* ; Glioblastoma ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Iris ; Neurofibromatoses ; Optic Atrophy ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Diseases* ; Parturition ; Skin

No abstract available.
Paralyses, Familial Periodic*

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Ectromelia*

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Edema* ; Hydrops Fetalis*

No abstract available.
Edema* ; Hydrops Fetalis*

No abstract available.
Diaphragmatic Eventration*