1.Effects of Pore Size on Osteoconduction at the Porous Hydroxyapatite.
Sung Soo CHUNG ; Kug Sun HONG ; Hyuk Joon YOUN ; Bong Soon CHANG ; Jin Sup YEOM ; Choon Ki LEE ; Yong Koo PARK ; Hyun Seung RYU ; Kun Woo PARK
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1999;34(1):37-44
PURPOSE: Porous hydroxyapatite is resorbable and osteoconductive, so it is slowly replaced by ingrowing new bone. Optimal pore geometry for osteoconduction, however, has not been determined yet. The objective of this investigation was to assess both the histological response and the reinforcing effects of bone ingrowth within the porous hydroxyapatite implants depending on pore size. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four kinds of cylindrical types (50, 100, 300, 500 micrometer) of porous hydrox-yapatite were prepared. Fifty-six white rabbits were divided into 4 groups and porous hydroxyapatite block was inserted through the medial cortical window of a proximal tibia. Histomorphological changes were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Biomechanical compression test was performed using a material test machine. RESULTS: Hydroxyapatite implants appeared to have no early adverse effects, such as inflammation and foreign body reaction. Osteoconduction through the pores was found in all four implants and new bone was found on the surface of pores with no histologically demonstrable intervening nonosseous tissue. At four weeks after implantation, new bone was arranged in a concentric pattern around the vessel, similar to osteon. New bone formation through pores was most evident at 300 micrometer-sized type. At 8 weeks, active osteoconduction was also found at 50 micrometer-sized type. Evidence of bone marrow formation within porous hydroxyapatite was found. In a biomechanical study, ultimate compression strength significantly increased in the 300 micrometer-sized type, after 8 weeks implantation compared to preimplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Porous hydroxyapatite implanted into rabbit tibia showed biological fixation and osteointegration. A pore size of 300 micrometer was most effective for bone ingrowth. Osteoconduction also took place in 50 micrometer-sized cylindrical pores.
Bone Marrow
;
Bone Regeneration*
;
Durapatite*
;
Foreign-Body Reaction
;
Haversian System
;
Inflammation
;
Microscopy
;
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
;
Osteogenesis
;
Rabbits
;
Tibia
2.Nonoperative Management of Blunt Abdominal Trauma with Hemoperitoneum.
Dae Kug YOON ; Kang Sup SHIM ; Jae Moon BAE ; Byung Woo PARK ; Ho Sung HAN ; Ok Young KIM
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 1998;55(1):92-99
Because of the two merits of nonoperative management of blunt abdominal trauma, 1) avoidance of operative morbidity and 2) better treatment of associated injuries, the use of nonoperative management has been extended, but the indications for such treatment have not been sufficiently found. One hundred two(102) cases admitted due to hemoperitoneum, 44 involving surgery and 58 conservative managment, were analyzed for age, sex, cause of injury, injured organ, injury grade, transfusion amount, and shock on admission. The major causes of injury in the nonoperative and the operative groups are as follows : 23 cases of auto-pedestrian accidents and 15 cases of in-car accidents in the nonoperative group and 19 cases of auto-pedestrian accidents in the operative group. In terms of the injured organ, liver trauma was the most frequent, and spleen trauma was next. The difference in the transfusion amount between the two groups was statistically significant; 8.1 units in the nonoperative group and 13 units in the operative group. In conclusion, 1) nonoperative management can be considered as a first choice in children with blunt abdominal trauma and stable vital signs; 2) patients with hemodynamically stable liver injury with AAST OIS grade 4 and isolated splenic injury AAST OIS grade 4 are candidates for nonoperative management; and 3) nonoperative management through emergency care without transfusion can be considered in cases with stable vital signs.
Child
;
Emergency Medical Services
;
Hemoperitoneum*
;
Humans
;
Liver
;
Shock
;
Spleen
;
Vital Signs
3.Nasal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: CT Findings.
Tae Youn NO ; Ho Gil BAEK ; Jong Bu WON ; Sung Ho PARK ; O Bong PARK ; Seung Kug BAIK ; Mi Jung SHIN ; Bong Ki KIM ; Han Yong CHOI
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1997;36(5):741-746
PURPOSE: To describe the characteristics of CT findings in nasal lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed CT findings and pathologic findings of eight patients (six males and two females) aged between 24 and 68 years with pathologically-proven nasal lymphoma. We analyzed mass location, laterality, size, margin, mass effect, adjacent bony change and contrast enhancement pattern. RESULTS: All eight cases werenon-Hodgkin's lymphoma, intermediate grade, diffuse large cell type. Seven cases were B-cell type and one was T-cell. In all cases, tumors were located in the medial wall of the inferior turbinate. In four cases, they were also found in the anterior ethmoidal sinus, and in one case, in the nasal septum. The mean size of the main mass was 3.3 cm. In seven cases, tumors were unilateral (one on the right; six on the left), and in the remaining case, bilateral. In six cases tumor margin was smooth and in two cases focal nodularity was seen. In two cases there was no bony change, and in four, there was mucosal thickening along the nasal septum; in one of these four, minimal bony erosion was also found. In the other two cases, bony destruction was seen, and tumors were very large (7 cm in diameter) or bilterally located. In three cases, the nasal septum was displaced by the mass. In all cases with bony change, the nasal septum was involved. All tumors were homogeneously well enhanced after IV contrast administration. CONCLUSION: The main CT findings of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were smooth margin, unilateral location (mainly in the medial wall of the inferior turbinate and growing to the medial side without bony destruction) mucosal thickening along the nasal septum and clear homogeneous enhancement after IV contrast administration. These characteristics will help diagnosis, help determine the appropriate region for radiation and other appropriate therapy, and facilitate prognosis in patients with nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
B-Lymphocytes
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Lymphoma
;
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*
;
Male
;
Nasal Septum
;
Prognosis
;
Retrospective Studies
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
Turbinates
4.A Case of ReVersible Basilar Artery Stenosis in Neuro-Behcet's Disease.
Yong Kook CHO ; Sung Keun JU ; Se Jin LEE ; Mee Young PARK ; Jung Sang HAH ; Hyung LEE ; Seung Kug BAIK ; Jun LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2005;23(4):537-540
The reversibility of basilar artery stenosis in neuro-Behcet's disease (NB) has been rarely reported. We report a patient with NB who developed brainstem infarction related to severe stenosis in basilar artery. Initial MRA showed severe stenosis in the basilar artery, which was improved on follow-up MRA after immunosuppressive treatment. This case shows that arterial stenosis in NB can be reversed with proper management.
Basilar Artery*
;
Brain Stem Infarctions
;
Constriction, Pathologic
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency*
5.Melatonin does not attenuate dynamic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular reflex responses to acute hypotension in healthy men.
Jiyoun BANG ; Yong Seok PARK ; Sung Moon JEONG ; Jun Gol SONG ; Young Kug KIM ; Gyu Sam HWANG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2012;63(3):245-252
BACKGROUND: Melatonin has been shown to attenuate the reflex sympathetic increases that arise in response to orthostatic challenges. We tested the hypothesis that the attenuated sympathetic increase induced by melatonin premedication may weaken the arterial blood pressure (ABP) preserving the capability during acute hypotension, thereby altering dynamic cerebral autoregulation and causing a further decrease in cerebral blood flow (CBF). METHODS: Acute hypotension was induced in 12 healthy subjects by releasing bilateral thigh cuffs before and after an oral dose of melatonin (0.2 mg/kg). Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (ABP), Modelflow estimate of cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) by transcranial Doppler were measured. RESULTS: Steady state HR, the mean arterial pressure and CBFV were not altered 60 minutes after melatonin ingestion. Reduced systolic arterial pressure (DeltaSAP), changes in HR (DeltaHR), CO (DeltaCO), and TPR (DeltaTPR), DeltaHR/DeltaSAP and percentage restoration of SAP were not affected after a temporal decrease in ABP induced by thigh cuff release. In the cerebral circulation, melatonin did not affect changes in CBFV, cerebrovascular resistance index, the rate of regulation and percentage restoration of CBFV following a sudden decrease in ABP. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to our hypothesis, melatonin did not affect the rapid vasodilatory and recovery responses of cardiovascular and dynamic cerebral autoregulation. These results suggest that melatonin premedication may not impair ABP and CBF preserving capability induced by sudden postural changes or hemorrhage.
Arterial Pressure
;
Blood Flow Velocity
;
Blood Pressure
;
Cardiac Output
;
Cerebrovascular Circulation
;
Eating
;
Heart Rate
;
Hemorrhage
;
Homeostasis
;
Humans
;
Hypotension
;
Male
;
Melatonin
;
Premedication
;
Reflex
;
Thigh
;
Vascular Resistance
6.Effects of Patients' Position on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate during Spinal Anesthesia for Axillo-femoral Bypass Surgery.
Soo Kyoung PARK ; Young Kug KIM ; Sung Lyang CHUNG ; Ji Hyun CHIN ; Chung LEE ; Yu Mi LEE
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2006;51(6):675-679
BACKGROUND: Hypotension is one of the most common complications from the spinal anesthesia frequently used for surgery on the lower abdomen or extremities. It might be important in prognostic improvements to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis in elderly or patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study evaluated the effect of the patients' position on the preservation of cardiovascular stability when elderly patients suffering from hypertension undergo surgery for an axillo-femoral arterial bypass. METHODS: 24 patients with hypertension undergoing an elective axillo-femoral bypass surgery were examined. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups (Lateral 20 min group: patients with lateral position for 20 min after spinal anesthesia; Supine group: patients with the supine position immediately after spinal anesthesia). The observers recorded the hemodynamic variables, as well as the loss of sensation on both sides. RESULTS: Considering the changes in the arterial blood pressure and heart rate from the baseline values, patients in the supine group showed a greater decrease in arterial blood pressure and heart rate (P < 0.05). In the lateral 20 min group, there was a lower block level of cold sensation that reflected the sympathetic blockade at the non-operated site (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The lateral decubitus position for 20 min after spinal anesthesia can contribute to the maintenance of cardiovascular stability during unilateral axillo-femoral bypass surgery in elderly patients with hypertension.
Abdomen
;
Aged
;
Anesthesia, Spinal*
;
Arterial Pressure
;
Blood Pressure*
;
Cardiovascular Diseases
;
Extremities
;
Heart Rate*
;
Heart*
;
Hemodynamics
;
Homeostasis
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Hypotension
;
Sensation
;
Supine Position
7.Characteristics of bony changes and tooth displacement in the mandibular cystic lesion involving the impacted third molar.
Jin Hyeok LEE ; Sung Min KIM ; Hak Jin KIM ; Kug Jin JEON ; Kwang Ho PARK ; Jong Ki HUH
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons 2014;40(5):225-232
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this retrospective study is to find the differentiating characteristics of cystic and cystic-appearing lesions that involve the impacted mandibular third molar by analyzing panoramic radiographs and computed tomography images, and to aid the preoperative diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-one patients who had a mandibular cystic or cystic-appearing lesion that involved impacted mandibular third molar and underwent cyst enucleation were included in the study. The preoperative panoramic radiograph and computed tomography findings were analyzed in accordance to the histopathologic type. RESULTS: Most of the cystic lesions containing the mandibular third molar were diagnosed as a dentigerous cyst (77.8%). The occurrence of mesio-distal displacement of the third molar was more frequent in the odontogenic keratocyst (71.4%) and in the ameloblastoma (85.7%) than in the dentigerous cyst (19.1%). Downward displacement was primarily observed in each group. Odontogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma showed more aggressive growth pattern with higher rate of bony discontinuity and cortical bone expansion than in dentigerous cyst. CONCLUSION: When evaluating mandibular cystic lesions involving the impacted mandibular third molar, dentigerous cyst should first be suspected. However, when the third molar displacement and cortical bone absorption are observed, then odontogenic keratocyst or ameloblastoma should be considered.
Absorption
;
Ameloblastoma
;
Dentigerous Cyst
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Mandible
;
Molar, Third*
;
Odontogenic Cysts
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Tooth*
8.Pneumomediastinum due to inadvertent bladder perforation during transurethral resection of the prostate : A case report.
Sung Hoon KIM ; Won Jung SHIN ; Jun Young PARK ; Young Kug KIM ; Gyu Sam HWANG ; Jai Hyun HWANG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2009;56(5):597-600
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a common procedure for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and this procedure is associated with low complication rates. Bladder perforation is an unusual complication of TURP, and it may create an air leak into the retroperitoneal space. Here we describe a case of pneumomediastinum, pneumoretroperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema that were all due to a bladder perforation that occurred during performing TURP in a 74-year-old male patient with BPH.
Aged
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mediastinal Emphysema
;
Prostate
;
Prostatic Hyperplasia
;
Retroperitoneal Space
;
Retropneumoperitoneum
;
Subcutaneous Emphysema
;
Transurethral Resection of Prostate
;
Urinary Bladder
9.A Preliminary Gastric Emptying Study Using 99mTc-DTPA Scan after Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy.
Sung Kug PARK ; Young Cheol LEE ; Hyeon Joo SHIN ; Lee Su KIM ; Young Min WOO ; Ma Hae CHO ; Bong Hwa LEE
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2004;66(1):33-36
PURPOSE: Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) is an alternative surgical procedure for periampullary lesions. Early delayed gastric emptying is the most common and frustrating complication in the immediate postoperative period after PPPD and late delayed gastric emptying has been reported in some long-term follow-up studies. We evaluated the incidence of early delayed gastric emptying and analyzed temporal changes in gastrointestinal function after PPPD. METHODS: The incidence of early delayed gastric emptying was retrospectively evaluated from the medical records of 15 patients who underwent PPPD. Gastric emptying tests (GETs) using 99mTc-DTPA scan were performed on 11 of the patients every three months until 1 year, where possible. RESULTS: The incidence of early delayed gastric emptying was 6.7%. Five of the eight patients (62.5%) and six of the eight (75%) who underwent scintigraphy at 3 months and 6 months respectively, showed delayed gastric emptying. But at 12 months, all of the four patients who underwent GETs showed normal gastric emptyings. CONCLUSION: The incidence of early delayed gastric emptying after PPPD was 6.7%. Though there were few symptoms in long-term follow-up study using 99mTc-DTPA scan, delayed gastric emptying was frequently observed 3 to 9 months after PPPD. However, gastric emptying might be normalized in almost all patients around 1 year after PPPD.
Follow-Up Studies
;
Gastric Emptying*
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Medical Records
;
Pancreaticoduodenectomy*
;
Postoperative Period
;
Radionuclide Imaging
;
Retrospective Studies
10.Prevalence of Gait Features in Healthy Adolescents and Adults
Nak Tscheol KIM ; Seung Jun MOON ; Moon Seok PARK ; Kyoung Min LEE ; Kug Jin CHOI ; Woo Young CHOI ; Ki Hyuk SUNG
Korean Journal of Legal Medicine 2021;45(1):27-33
Forensic gait analysis is the identification of individuals by their gait style and walking characteristics. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of gait patterns in healthy adolescents and adults. Five hundred healthy participants (mean age, 36.9 years) were enrolled and divided into four age groups: 13-20, 21-35, 36-50, and ≥51 years. The gait of the participants was recorded in a gait analysis laboratory. Five specialists experienced in gait analysis selected several gait features. The prevalence of out-toe, in-toe, planovalgus, and turtleneck was 25.0%, 1.6%, 6.8%, and 4.2%, respectively. The prevalence of genu varum (10.4%) was higher than that of genu valgum (5.6%). Genu valgum and hindfoot valgus were more common in younger than in older subjects (P=0.018 and P=0.029, respectively). Genu varum was more prevalent in older subjects (P<0.001). The prevalence of out-toe was higher in males (P<0.001), whereas the in-toe and genu valgum were more common in females than in males (P=0.027 and P=0.038, respectively). We have documented the prevalence of several gait features in healthy adolescents and adults. These gait features can be used to enhance evidentiary competence in forensic gait analysis and thereby help improve the arrest rate of offenders.