Pathologic fracture occurs in a bone with preexisting stuctual weakness. The author reviewed 30 cases of pathologic fractures in which admission record and X-ray finding was well preserved among 53 cases admitted patients in the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National Universty Hospital for 10 years from 1967. The results were as follows: 1.Age & Sex incidence showed even distribution. 2. The most frequent involved site was femur (40%) 3. The underlying etiology was as follows: 2 chronic osteomyelitis 1 homophilia 7 benign tumor 20 malignant tumor 4. metastatic tumor was the most frequent cause in 30 cases. 5. Treatment was as follows: Conservative treatment 4 cases Surgery 21 cases.
Clinical Study ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Humans ; Incidence ; Osteomyelitis ; Seoul

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intramuscular botulinum toxin A injection in cerebral palsy with foot deformities using roentgenogram. We have studied 26 children with cerebral palsy(age 3 to 13 years old). They were twenty spastic diplegias, three hemiplegias and three mixed types(spasticity and athetosis). The botulinum toxin A was injected into gastrocnemius or peroneous muscles with an electromyographic guidance. Before injections, passive joint angles of the ankle were assessed by the goniometric measurements. A plantar-flexion angle of talus, dorsiflexion angle of calcaneous, and talar-calcaneal divergence angle were measured using the lateral and anterior-posterior roentgenograms of the foot with weight- bearing for the assessment of equinovalgus of ankle. Follow-up assessments were performed at 1 and 3 months after the injection. At 1 month after the injection into gastrocnemius muscle, there was an increased range of passive ankle joint motion, decreased plantar-flexion angle of talus, and increased dorsiflexion angle of calcaneous. These changes were still significant at 3 months after the injection. After the injection into peroneous muscle, the talar-calcaneal divergence angle was significantly decreased. This study provides the evidence that the treatment with botulinum toxin A improves the ankle joint motion in cerebral palsy with feet deformities by reducing hypertonicity, spasticity and dynamic contracture. In addition, the lateral and anterior- posterior roentgenograms of the foot with weight bearing seems to be the simple and objective methods to evaluate the effectiveness of intramuscular botulinum toxin A injection in cerebral palsy with foot deformities.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Botulinum Toxins* ; Cerebral Palsy* ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot Deformities* ; Foot* ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Joints ; Muscle Spasticity ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Talus ; Weight-Bearing

Hand tumor may arise as primary growth from any of the tissue present in the hand. Most are benign and malignant are uncommon. The hand is a sensitive organ, has a little potential space and moving parts, so tumors are usually detected early because of pain, impairment of function or swelling. A knowledge of frequency, location and clinical characteristics of hand tumor is invaluable in diagnosis. Usually early susgical measure is the treatment of choice. For the period of 6 years from 1962 to 1977, 29 cases of hand tumor were treated surgically and the results of clinical observation were as follows 1. Of 29 cases, benign tumor was 25 cases (86%) and bone-origin tumor was 18 cases. Enchondroma and enchondromatosis was the most frequent (12 cases). 2. The tumor occurred 22 cases in phalanx, 10 in metacarpal, and 2 in carpal bones. 3. The tumors were treated with excision in 11 cases, curettage & bone graft in 10, amputation in 4, biopsy in 2 and no treamtent in 2. 4. The most frequent site of enchondroma and enchondromatosis were ulnar side, ring and little finger, and of these metacarpophalangeal joints were involved most frequently.
Amputation ; Biopsy ; Carpal Bones ; Chondroma ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Enchondromatosis ; Fingers ; Hand ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Humans* ; P-Glycoprotein* ; Urinary Bladder*

No Abstract available.
Academic Medical Centers* ; Infection Control*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Leukemia*

PURPOSE: To evaluate prognostic factors for arthritis and usefulness of bone SPECT in reconstructed joint. MATERIAL AND METHOD: ACL reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone graft was performed in fourteen patients from March 1996 to March 1997, and follow-up bone SPECT was done. The mean duration from ACL reconstruction to SPECT was 23 months. The knee was defined to be unstable when the difference of displacement measured using KT-2000 arthrometer was greater than 3 mm. Lesions were evaluated in sub-divided five compartments ; patello-femoral joint, anteromedial, anterolateral, postero-medial and posterolateral compartment of tibio-femoral joint. RESULT: Geographic bone bruise was found in 9 cases(15 compartments) of 14 patients and bone SPECT revealed increased uptake in all the compartments. Reticular type bone bruise was found in 6 cases(7 compartments) and no compartment revealed increased uptake. Partial meniscectomy was done in 9 cases(16 compartments), and 8 cases(13 compartments) of them revealed increased uptake. Six cases were unstable and four of them revealed increased uptake in the patello-femoral joint. Activity level was not correlated with hot uptake. CONCLUSIONS: Bone SPECT is a useful method to predict osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction. Geo-graphic bone bruises at injury, meniscectomy and instability are important factors for prognosis after ACL reconstruction.
Arthritis* ; Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts ; Contusions ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Prognosis ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Angina Pectoris* ; Electrocardiography* ; Pheochromocytoma*

Osteogenic sarcoma arise from primitive bone forming mesenchyme which is transformed into neoplastic osteoid and bone. Most osteogenic sarcomas originate in long bone, only rarely do they occur as primary tumor of the spine. A case is presented in which a patient who had suffered from paraplegia and self voiding difficulty. It was diagnosed as osteogenic sarcoma of the 5th thoracic spine which was operated and confirmed by microscopically, and is discussed with a brief review of the literatures.
Humans ; Mesoderm ; Osteosarcoma* ; Paraplegia* ; Spine*

Aneurysms arising from the distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are rare. We present two cases of ruptured distal PICA aneurysms. A 48-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting. A radiological examination revealed intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) caused by rupture of a right distal PICA aneurysm. The aneurysm was clipped completely through a midline suboccipital approach. A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting, which was followed by unconsciousness. A radiological examination showed a hematoma in the cerebellar vermis and IVH from the fourth ventricle to the lateral ventricle with severe hydrocephalus caused by rupture of a left distal PICA aneurysm. After emergency extraventricular drainage was performed, the aneurysm was obliterated by the use of proximal parent artery clipping and coagulation. Aneurysms of the distal PICA are frequently associated with structural vascular anomalies and a high incidence of bleeding when these aneurysms are small. Thus, distal PICA aneurysms should be obliterated in almost all instances whenever they are encountered and these aneurysms should be managed immediately because of the high risk of rebleeding.
Aged ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured* ; Arteries* ; Drainage ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fourth Ventricle ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Lateral Ventricles ; Middle Aged ; Parents ; Pica ; Rupture ; Unconsciousness ; Vomiting