1.Antidote for organophosphate insecticide poisoning: atropine and pralidoxime.
Sung Phil CHUNG ; Hyung Keun ROH
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2013;56(12):1057-1066
Acute organophosphate (OP) poisoning produces cholinergic symptoms resulting from the inhibition of cholinesterase, and the overstimulation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the synapses. The dominant clinical features of acute cholinergic toxicity include bradycardia, miosis, lacrimation, salivation, bronchorrhea, and bronchospasm. All symptomatic patients should receive therapy with oxygen, atropine, and pralidoxime. Atropine works as a physiologic antidote by competitively occupying muscarinic receptor sites, reducing the effects of excessive acetylcholine. Atropine should be immediately administered, and the dose can be titrated according to the severity of OP poisoning. A large dose may be necessary to overcome the excessive cholinergic state in case of severe poisoning. Pralidoxime is a biochemical antidote that reactivates acetylcholinesterase by removing OP from it. It is effective in treating both muscarinic and nicotinic symptoms. After some period of time, the acetylcholinesterase-OP compound undergoes a conformational change, known as aging, which renders the enzyme irreversibly resistant to reactivation by a pralidoxime. There has been a great deal of controversy over the effectiveness of pralidoxime in acute OP poisoning. However, it may be beneficial to administer pralidoxime for a sufficient period in case of severe poisoning with a large quantity of OP, which is common in Korea.
Acetylcholine
;
Acetylcholinesterase
;
Aging
;
Atropine*
;
Bradycardia
;
Bronchial Spasm
;
Cholinesterases
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Miosis
;
Oxygen
;
Poisoning*
;
Pralidoxime Compounds
;
Receptors, Muscarinic
;
Receptors, Nicotinic
;
Salivation
;
Synapses
2.A study on the changes of bone mineral density during lactation.
Sung Keun ROH ; Sung Ho LIM ; Moon Yung KIM ; Eun Sung KIM ; Ho Won HAN ; In Kwon HAM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1993;36(7):2313-2318
No abstract available.
Bone Density*
;
Female
;
Lactation*
3.A study on the changes of bone mineral density during lactation.
Sung Keun ROH ; Sung Ho LIM ; Moon Yung KIM ; Eun Sung KIM ; Ho Won HAN ; In Kwon HAM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1993;36(7):2313-2318
No abstract available.
Bone Density*
;
Female
;
Lactation*
4.CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPLICATIONS OF CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY.
Hee Joon BAE ; Byung Woo YOON ; Dong Wha KANG ; Sung Hun KIM ; Keun Sik HONG ; Ki Bong KIM ; Jae Kyu ROH
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1998;16(6):769-774
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is performed more frequently than before in Korea. Central nervous system (CNS) complications are often the major prognostic determinants following the surgery. We carried out a prospective study to clarify the incidence and risk factors of neurologic complications after CABG surgery. METHODS: A consecutive series of 150 patients undergoing 152 CABG operations from March 1995 to July 1997 by one cardiac surgeon was evaluated by a team of neurologists before and after the surgery. The patients received extensive preoperative examinations including the evaluation of intracranial & extracranial cerebral artery disease. RESULTS: In 44 operations (28.9%), we detected various neurologic complications, including encephalopathy (36 operations, 23.7%), cerebral infarction (5 operations, 3.3%), and seizure (7 operations, 4.6%). Eight patients died postoperatively including one due to neurologic complication. On univariate analysis, age, degree of intracranial artery disease (ICAD), duration of bypass time, hypotension index, duration of ventricular assistant device (VAD), intraoperative event, intra- or postoperative arrhythmia, reoperation, and postoperative bleeding were statistically significant risk factors of CNS complications (p< 0.05). After multivariate analysis, however, age alone remained significant (p=0.02). The degree of ICAD showed marginal significance (p=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of CNS complication in the patients undergoing CABG surgery was 28.9%. Our results showed that age was an independent risk factor of CNS complications. And the possibility of ICAD as a risk factor was suggested. Further study with a large number of patients would be necessary to prove the above suggestion.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
;
Arteries
;
Central Nervous System*
;
Cerebral Arterial Diseases
;
Cerebral Infarction
;
Coronary Artery Bypass*
;
Coronary Vessels*
;
Hemorrhage
;
Humans
;
Hypotension
;
Incidence
;
Korea
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Prospective Studies
;
Reoperation
;
Risk Factors
;
Seizures
;
Transplants
5.A Case of Status Epilepticus Characterized by Ictal Hemiplegia.
Myung Keun JUNG ; Won Hee JUNG ; Kwang Ik YANG ; Hak Jae ROH ; Ki Bum SUNG ; Hyung Kook PARK
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2002;20(5):551-553
A 39-year-old woman has had several episodes of transient right hemiplegia. On neurological examination during the ictal period she had alert consciousness with aphasia, head and eyeball deviation to the right side, and right hemiplegia. Brain MRI was normal. EEG-video monitoring of ictal period showed continuous ictal discharge in the midline frontocentral area coincided with right hemiplegia. After injection of diazepam, the ictal discharge and right hemiplegia disappeared. We report a case of status epilepticus characterized by ictal hemiplegia.
Adult
;
Aphasia
;
Brain
;
Consciousness
;
Diazepam
;
Female
;
Head
;
Hemiplegia*
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Neurologic Examination
;
Status Epilepticus*
6.Surgical Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea with Mucoperichondrial Free Graft.
Hun Jong DHONG ; Seung Kyu CHUNG ; Jong Lyel ROH ; Joong Keun KWON
Journal of Rhinology 1998;5(1):68-71
Three cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and anterior skull base defects were successfully treated by applying mucoperichondrial free graft through the endonasal endoscopic technique. The causes of the skull base defects were trauma in two cases and endoscopic sinus surgery in one case. The defects were located in the sphenoid sinus in one case and the fovea ethmoidalis in two cases. In these cases, contralateral side septal mucoperichondrial free grafts were used to seal the defects and were supported with fibrin glue and Spongostan(R). Endoscopic repair with mucoperichondrial free graft appeared to be a safe and successful approach to the treatment of the anterior skull base defects.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea*
;
Cerebrospinal Fluid*
;
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive
;
Skull Base
;
Sphenoid Sinus
;
Transplants*
7.Heterotopic pregnancies after IVF-ET.
Byeng Kwan LEE ; Sung Keun ROH ; Moon Yung KIM ; Eung Gi MIN ; Jung Hae HWANG ; Jong Min PARK ; Seung Jae LEE
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1993;36(7):2319-2327
No abstract available.
Pregnancy, Heterotopic*
8.Heterotopic pregnancies after IVF-ET.
Byeng Kwan LEE ; Sung Keun ROH ; Moon Yung KIM ; Eung Gi MIN ; Jung Hae HWANG ; Jong Min PARK ; Seung Jae LEE
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1993;36(7):2319-2327
No abstract available.
Pregnancy, Heterotopic*
9.A Suspected Case of Metastatic Tumors Involving Both Internal Auditory Canals.
Yang Sun CHO ; Joong Keun KWON ; Sung Hwa HONG ; Jong Ryul ROH
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 1999;42(5):643-646
Malignant leptomeningeal metastases involving both internal auditory canals (IACs) are rare and can mimic neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Rapid progression of symptoms and involvement of facial nerve are characteristic clinical courses in contrast to the slow progression of symptoms in NF2. We report a rare case suspected to be metastatic tumor involving bilateral IACs, and presenting sudden bilateral hearing loss in a patient who was previously treated for adenocarcinoma of lung.
Adenocarcinoma
;
Facial Nerve
;
Hearing Loss, Bilateral
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Neurofibromatosis 2
10.A report of two cases of bronchial carcinoid, including one case of atypical carcinoid.
Kyung Chul KIM ; Chul Min AHN ; Tae Sun KIM ; Hyung Keun ROH ; Hyung Jung KIM ; Sung Kyu KIM ; Won Young LEE ; Doo Yon LEE ; Sang Jin KIM ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Kyi Beom LEE
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1991;38(1):74-82
No abstract available.
Carcinoid Tumor*