PURPOSE: This study aimed to find out any different characteristics in various different voiding symptom questionnaires in the outpatient clinics between interstitial cystitis and overactive bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 2005 and December 2007, retrospectively were analyzed the consecutive 41 IC female patients' and 43 OAB female patients' questionnaires, who had completed three questionnaires at the outpatient department (Incontinence Quality of Life; I-QoL, King's Health Questionnaire; KHQ, International Prostate Symptom Score; IPSS). Additionally, the 41 IC patients also completed O'Leary Sant Questionnaire (OLS, or ICSI/ICPI). RESULTS: No statistical differences existed in age and symptom duration between two groups (p>0.05). In I-QoL, only the social embarrassment score was statistically different between two groups (p<0.05), but the total score, avoidance and limiting behavior, and psychosocial impact scores were not (p>0.05). In KHQ, the general health perceptions, impact on life, social limitations, personal relationships, emotions, and sleep/energy scores were statistically different (p<0.033), but the role limitations, physical limitations, and incontinence severity measures scores were not (p>0.059). In IPSS, the straining symptom, and quality of life scores were different between two groups (p<0.05). The IC patients also completed OLS questionnaire with mean interstital cystitis symptom index score of 14.10+/-3.92, and interstitial cystitis problem index score of 11.79+/-3.75. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that some differences among symptom questions in questionnaires did exist between the two groups and that the IC group had much more impaired quality of life than the OABs.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Cystitis ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Female ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Prostate ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Sprains and Strains ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Little information is available about the buccal gingival level of multiple implant restorations. PURPOSE: This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between width and height of buccal soft tissue around single and 2 adjacent implant restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four implant restoration groups (first and second molars, single second molars, posterior single restorations between teeth, and anterior single restorations between teeth) were randomly chosen from one dental institute. Each group comprised of 6 patients. After 6 months of function, silicone impressions were taken and stone models were fabricated for each restoration group. The stone models were cut in bucco-lingual direction at the most apical point of buccal gingival margin. The height and width of buccal supra-implant soft tissue were measured. One way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests were performed to analyze the data obtained (P < .05). RESULTS: The most unfavorable width-height ratio was noted for the group, which was comprised of the second molar in the multiple adjacent (first and second molar) implant-supported restorations. The group also resulted in the shorter height of buccal supra-implant mucosa rather than that of anterior single implant restorations between natural teeth. CONCLUSION: To achieve a favorable level of buccal gingival margin, greater thickness of buccal supra-implant mucosa is required for the implant restorations without a neighboring natural tooth compared to the implant restorations next to a natural tooth.
Humans ; Molar ; Mucous Membrane ; Silicones ; Tooth

Lymphomatoid papulosis is a strange disease; clinically benign, histologically malignant. Clinically, it may simulate pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta. The diagnosis is based on the typical histopathological features suggestive of malignant lymphoma, due to the presence of polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate consisting of small lymphocytes intermingled with conspicuous large atypical cells. We experienced a case of lymphomastoid papulosis in 35-year-old woman. Initially, her skin lesions developed as erythematous papules on the extremities, gradually spreading centrifugally with a tendency to involute slowly without treatment, leaving brown wrinkled surface and shallow ulceration. These skin lesions tended to become worse in warm weather and better in cold weather. At first visit, multiple erythematous grouped, ulcerated papules and nodules are seen. 18 months after first visit, most skin lesions are regressed except 5 erythematous pinhead sized papules on right leg in spite of no treatrnent. Labcratory examiniations of CBC, VDRL, urinatlysis, blood chemistry and chest X-ray were all within normal limits. Histopathologically there were hygerkeratosis, mild acanthosis, exocytosis in epidermis, and numerous lymphoid cells were infiltrated especially on perivascular and periappendegeal area, and many atypical cells showing hyperchromatic nuclei, kidney-shaped nuclei and mitotic figures in dermis.
Adult ; Chemistry ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Epidermis ; Exocytosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Lymphomatoid Papulosis* ; Pityriasis Lichenoides ; Skin ; Thorax ; Ulcer ; Weather

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Combined esophageal variceal ligation and sclerotherapy has been hypothesized to be more effective for the control of bleeding esophageal varices than ligation alone. The present study was to compare the combined therapy with ligation alone in terms of variceal eradication, rebleeding, complication and survival rates in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with bleeding esophageal varices were randomly assigned to receive ligation alone in 20 patients or the combined therapy in 18 patients. The clinical and endoscopic characteristics of patients in the ligation group were similar to those of patients in the combination group. In the combination group, 1-3 mL of ethanolamine was injected proximal to each ligated site. Treatments were repeated every 2- to 3-month until varices were eradicated. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the ligation and combination groups in variceal eradication rates (70% vs. 72%), numbers of endoscopic sessions required to achieve eradication (3.5+/-0.33 vs. 3.3+/-0.31), rebleeding rates (30% vs. 28%) or 2-yr cumulative survival rates (95% vs. 75%). There were significantly more complications in the combination group (25% vs. 89%, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Ligation alone is recommended rather than the combined ligation and sclerotherapy because of its lower complication rates.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Ethanolamine ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Sclerotherapy* ; Survival Rate ; Varicose Veins

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Combined esophageal variceal ligation and sclerotherapy has been hypothesized to be more effective for the control of bleeding esophageal varices than ligation alone. The present study was to compare the combined therapy with ligation alone in terms of variceal eradication, rebleeding, complication and survival rates in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with bleeding esophageal varices were randomly assigned to receive ligation alone in 20 patients or the combined therapy in 18 patients. The clinical and endoscopic characteristics of patients in the ligation group were similar to those of patients in the combination group. In the combination group, 1-3 mL of ethanolamine was injected proximal to each ligated site. Treatments were repeated every 2- to 3-month until varices were eradicated. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the ligation and combination groups in variceal eradication rates (70% vs. 72%), numbers of endoscopic sessions required to achieve eradication (3.5+/-0.33 vs. 3.3+/-0.31), rebleeding rates (30% vs. 28%) or 2-yr cumulative survival rates (95% vs. 75%). There were significantly more complications in the combination group (25% vs. 89%, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Ligation alone is recommended rather than the combined ligation and sclerotherapy because of its lower complication rates.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Ethanolamine ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Sclerotherapy* ; Survival Rate ; Varicose Veins

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Branemark or ITI are two currently most widely used implant systems but with contrasting design, surgical and restoration methods. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare changes and its statistical significance in bone height and shape which may rise due to the differences between two implant systems. Also to analyse the effect of inter-implant distance on annual bone height changes. MATERIAL & METHOD: Those patients who were treated with two or more of either Branemark or ITI implants at posterior mandibular area at Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Implant Clinic were selected. At annual examination appointments, standardised radiographs using parallel technique were taken. Marginal bone and inter-implant crestal bone changes were measured and following results were obtained. RESULTS: 1) When ITI and Branemark system were compared, both annual marginal and inter-implant crestal bone height changes in ITI system in the first two years were smaller than Branemark and they were statistically significant. On the third year, however, there was no statistical difference between two implant systems on their annual bone level changes (p>0.05). 2) The Marginal and inter-implant crestal bone changes were compared when inter-implant distance was less than 4mm. Statistically significant bone level changes were noted on the first year only for ITI implants but in the first and second year for Branemark implants (p>0.05). 3) When comparing angulation changes between marginal bone and implant fixture, ITI system had smaller angulation changes but the annual changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that Branemark implant systems had more changes in marginal and inter-implant crestal bone level in the first and second year after loading with statistical significance. Further studies are recommended to see the effects of these bone loss during the first and second year after loading on the long term prognosis of Branemark Implants.
Appointments and Schedules ; Humans ; Prognosis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Recently, in attempts to reinforce the acrylic resin and to reduce the polymerization shrinkage, it has been reported that adding vinyloligo-silsesquioxane (vinyl-POSS) to PMMA significantly compensates for polymerization shrinkage and somewhat increases the fracture resistance. PURPOSE: There haven't been any studies on abrasion that can affect the adaptation of the denture in long-term use. In this study, abrasion resistance was compared between acrylic resin with vinyl-POSS and commercialized acrylic resin for denture base. In addition, the difference in abrasion resistance according to molding methods was compared. Material and method : Using PaladentR 20 including vinyl-POSS, PaladentR 20, Lucitone 199R, SR IvocapR, denture bases were fabricated using compression molding technique and continuous-pressure injection technique. Surface hardness and abrasion were measured for each group, and the worn surfaces were observed under a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: 1. When surface hardness was measured for each material and molding technique, there was no statistically significant difference among the materials. (p<0.05) 2. When same denture base material and molding technique were used, the abrasion due to toothpaste solution was 5 times as severe as the abrasion due to soap solution. 3. When toothpaste solution was used, the abrasion decreased in the order of PaladentR 20, PaladentR 20 including vinyl-POSS, SR IvocapR, and Lucitone 199R. However, statistically significant difference was seen only among PaladentR 20, SR IvocapR, and Lucitone 199R.(p<0.05). 4. When soap solution was used, the abrasion was more severe in PaladentR 20 and including vinyl-POSS PaladentR 20 groups than in SR IvocapR and Lucitone 199R groups. (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Addition of vinyl-POSS doesn't improve the abrasion resistance, and the abrasion resistance was similar to those of existing materials. Additional studies under different conditions are needed. For clinical application of vinyl-POSS, further investigations with different requirements and conditions are necessary.
Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Fungi ; Hardness ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Soaps ; Toothpastes

BACKGROUND: Tumor markers have been used in diagnosis, predicting the extent of disease, monitering recurrence after therapy and prediction of prognosis. But the utility of markers in lung cancer has been limited by low sensitivity and specificity. TPA-M is recently developed marker using combined monoclonal antibody of Cytokeratin 8, 18, and 19. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of new tumor marker, TPA-M by comparing the estabilished markers 8CC, CEA, Cyfra2 I - I in hmg cancer. METHODS: An immunoradiometric assay of serum CEA, SCC, Cyfra2l-I, and TPA-M was performed in 49 pathologically confirmed lung cancer patients who visited Keimyung University Hospital from April 1996 to August 1996, and 29 benign lung diseases. Commercially available kits, Ab bead CM (Eiken) to CEA, SCC RIA BEAD (DAINABOT) to SCC, CA21-1 (TEE) to Cyfra21-1, arid TPA-M (DAIICHI) to TPA-M were used for this study. RESULTS: The mean serum values of lung cancer group and control group were 10.05 +/- 38.39 micro/L, l.59+/-0.94 micro/L in CEA, 3.04+/-5.79 micro/L, 1.58+/-2.85 micro/L in SCC, 8.27+/-11.96 micro/L, 1.77+/-2.72 micro/L in Cyfra21-1, and 132.02+/-209.35 U/L, 45.86+/-75.86 U/t in TPA-M respectively. Serum values of Cyfra21-1 and TPA-M in lung cancer group were higher than control group (p<0.05). Using cutoff value recommended by the manufactures, that is 2.5 micro/L, in CEA, 3.0 micro/L in Cyfra21-1, 70.0 U/L in TPA-M, arid 2.0 micro/L in SCC, sensitivity and specificity of lung cancer were 33.3%, 786% in CEA, 50.0%, 89.7% in Cyfra2l-l, 52.3%, 89.7% in TPA-M, 23.8%, 89.3% in SCC. Sensitivity and specificity of nonsmall cell lung cancer were 36.1%, 78.1% in CIA, 50.1%, 89.7% in Cyfra2l-1, 53.1%, 89.7% in TPA-M, 33.8%, 89.3% in SCC. Sensitivity and specificity of small cell king cancer were 25.0%, 78.5% in CEA, 50.0%, 89.6% in Cyfra2l-1, 50.0%, 89.6% in TPA-M, 0%, 89.2% in SCC. Cutoff value according to ROC(Receiver operating characteristics) curve was l.25 micro/L in CEA, 1.5 micro/L in Cyfra2l-1, 35 U/L in TPA-M, 0.6 micro/L in SCC. With this cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and kappa index of Cyfra21-1 and TPA-M were Letter than CEA and SCC. SCC only was related with statistic significance to TNM stages, dividing to operable stages(TNM stage I to IIIA) and inoperable stages (IIIB and IV) (p<0.05). But no tumor markers showed any correlation with significance with tumor size(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum TPA-M and Cyfra21-1 shows higher sensitivity and specificity than CEA and SCC in overall lung cancer and nonsmall cell lung cancer those were confirmed pathologically. SCC has higher specificity in nonsmall cell lung cancer. And the level of serum SCC are significantly related with TNM staging.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoradiometric Assay ; Keratin-8 ; Lung Diseases ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Biomarkers, Tumor

Objectives: . Prognosticating idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an important challenge. In our study, a dataset was split into training and test sets and cross-validation was implemented on the training set, thereby determining the hyperparameters for machine learning models with high test accuracy and low bias. The effectiveness of the following five machine learning models for predicting the hearing prognosis in patients with ISSNHL after 1 month of treatment was assessed: adaptive boosting, K-nearest neighbor, multilayer perceptron, random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM). Methods: . The medical records of 523 patients with ISSNHL admitted to Korea University Ansan Hospital between January 2010 and October 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. In this study, we analyzed data from 227 patients (recovery, 106; no recovery, 121) after excluding those with missing data. To determine risk factors, statistical hypothesis tests (e.g., the two-sample t-test for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables) were conducted to compare patients who did or did not recover. Variables were selected using an RF model depending on two criteria (mean decreases in the Gini index and accuracy). Results: . The SVM model using selected predictors achieved both the highest accuracy (75.36%) and the highest F-score (0.74) on the test set. The RF model with selected variables demonstrated the second-highest accuracy (73.91%) and F-score (0.74). The RF model with the original variables showed the same accuracy (73.91%) as that of the RF model with selected variables, but a lower F-score (0.73). All the tested models, except RF, demonstrated better performance after variable selection based on RF. Conclusion . The SVM model with selected predictors was the best-performing of the tested prediction models. The RF model with selected predictors was the second-best model. Therefore, machine learning models can be used to predict hearing recovery in patients with ISSNHL.

The purpose of this study is to compare tensile bond strength between Cr-Co alloy and three denture base resins after surface treatment. Following the manufacturer's instructions, 180 bonded specimens were made from three denture base resins (Lucitone 199, Paladent 20, POSS resin) and three surface treatment methods(sandblasting, metal primer, silicoating). 20 samples were made in each group and a half was thermocycled 1000 times between 5 celsius degrees and 55 celsius degrees. The tensile bond strength was measured using an Instron with 5mm/min crosshead speed. Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA, T-test and Duncan test. The results were as follows: 1. Samples with metal primer coating had significantly high tensile bond strength than the other surface treated groups (p<.05). Significantly low tensile bond strength was shown in sand blasted groups (p<.05). 2. No significant difference was observed in metal primer coating groups before and after thermocycling (p>.05). 3. Tensile bond strength was decreased in silicoated samples after thermocycling (p<.05). 4. Of the surface treated groups with metal primer,Lucitone 199 had the greatest bond strength and POSS resin and Paladent 20 were followed (p<.05). 5. Of the surface treated groups with silicoating, POSS resin and Lucitone 199 had greater bond strength than Paladent 20 (p<.05).
Alloys ; Computer Simulation ; Dental Alloys* ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Silicon Dioxide