The parathyroid cyst is a relatively uncommon disease and usually identified during the operation for a presumed thyroid mass. Thirteen cases of parathyroid cyst (2 males, 11 females) treated from 1981 to 1993 were reviewed. Ages ranged from 17 to 59 years(mean, 41 years). Gross measurement of the tumor size varied from 1.0 to 10.0 cm in diameter with a mean of 4.8cm. All of the 13 patients presented with a chief complaint of painless anterior cervical mass. Only one complained of mild symptom of dyspnea and voice change due to huge cyst in paratracheal space. No functional cyst was identified. Diagnostic studies included ^99mTc thyroid scan (n=11), ultrasonography (n=10), computerized tomography (n=4) and fine needle aspiration(FNA) (preoperative, n=4; intraoperative, n=3). All diagnostic precedures but needle aspiration were nonspecific. Cysts were found in right inferior parathyroid(n=4), left inferior parathyroid (n=7), or anterior superior mediastinum (n=2). The FNA of the cyst contents revealed watery clear fluid with elevated parathyroid hormone level and was diagnostic in each cases. Four patients were treated initially with needle aspiration, of which only one patient was successful, and 3 patients who were unsuccessful to needle aspiration and the remaining 9 were effectively treated with surgical extirpation. Our experience suggested that needle aspiration may be of significant help in diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid cyst, but most of the patient could be treated successfully by surgical extirpation with an excellent chance for curability.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Needles ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography ; Voice

No abstract available.
Frontal Sinus*

Since there is no report of daily walking activity of Korean, authors studied on normal adult daliy walking activity in korean of various kinds of occupation, personal life and patients. Total 134 cases were studied and in which there were 10 patients, 7 retired elderlies, 4 house wives, 48 employees of compaines, 30 nurses, 4 laboratory technicians, 2 pharmacists, 7 house staff doctors, 12 chief doctors, 4 cases of hicking and 6 cases of 18 holes golf players. The daily walking steps were measured with pedometer in 167 times in total and following results were, obtained. 1. Bed rest patients ; less than 1000 steps/day 2. Retired elderly ; 2,724(2,150-3,500) steps/day 3. House wife ; 5,437(3,030-7,920) steps/day 4. High ranking, old clerk and chief doctor ; 5,000-6,000 steps/day 5. Ordinary non-active clerk and non-clerk employee ; 6,000-9,000 steps/day 6. common young active clerk and nurse ; 10,000-15,000 steps/day 7. Very active clerk and non-clerk employee ; 15,000(13,000-20,000) steps/day 8. Heavy worker ; more than 20,000 steps/day
Adult ; Aged ; Bed Rest ; Golf ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Laboratory Personnel ; Occupations ; Pharmacists ; Spouses ; Walking*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to reveal the position of the incisive foramen in relation to the incisive papilla and cusp tips. METHODS: Plaster models and CT images of 25 adult orthodontic patients were used to measure the width of the incisive canal and positions of the anterior and posterior borders of the incisive foramen in relation to the incisive papilla. RESULTS: The palatal surface distance from the interdental papilla between the maxillary central incisors to the posterior border of the incisive foramen along the palatal surface was 1.7 fold of the distance from the interdental papilla between the central incisors to the posterior border of the incisive papilla. The distance between the posterior border of the incisive papilla and posterior border of the incisive foramen along the palatal surface was 6.15 +/- 1.75 mm. The anteroposterior position of the posterior border of the incisive foramen was slightly anterior to the lingual cusp tips of the maxillary 1st premolars. The width of the incisive foramen was 4.03 +/- 0.64 mm, therefore it is recommended to position the mini-implant more than 3 mm laterally when placing a mini-implant lateral to the incisive foramen, from the center. CONCLUSIONS: These results can be used as a reference in presuming the position of the incisive foramen when placing mini-implant in the anterior palate area.
Adult ; Bicuspid ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Incisor ; Palate

PURPOSE: CD24 is a small heavily glycosylated glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface protein, which is expressed in hematological malignancies as well as a large variety of solid tumors. The authors aimed to evaluate the CD24 protein expression in fibroadenomas and adenocarcinomas of the breast and its correlation to clinicopathological data. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for CD24 was performed on 28 mammary neoplasia, diagnosed as either adenocarcinomas (22 cases) or fibroadenomas (6 cases), to examine the relationship with clinicopathological parameters. The results of the immunohistochemical staining were evaluated by the stainability (negative, weak-, moderate-, strong-positive) and staining patterns (membranous vs. intracytoplasmic) for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The present study clearly demonstrates that CD24 was abundantly expressed in adenocarcinoma, compared to in fibroadenomas of the breast (P<0.001). Intracytoplasmic staining was noted in the adenocarcinomas only but this was not statistically significant between the adenocarcinoma and fibroadenoma groups. No significant correlations of the CD24 stainability or staining pattern were detected with the nodal status, tumor histological grade or histological subtypes. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that abundant membranous expression or intracytoplasmic expression of CD24, as detected by immunohistochemistry, is an important tissue marker for a mammary epithelial neoplasm, which could help to define adenocarcinomas from fibroadenomas.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast ; Fibroadenoma ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial

A clinical observation was made on 74 cases of the renal transplantation in the Department of Urology, Catholic Medical College from March 1969 to February 1980. The following results were obtained. 1. Of 74 cases of the recipient 67 cases were male and 7 cases female, 3 decade was most common among them 2. The ureteroneocystostomy was performed as the method of the modified Politano-Leedbetter in 66 cases and extravesical Macliinnon in 8 cases. Our incidence of urological complications in the 74 renal transplants was 13.5% (10 cases). 3. The details of the complications were as follows: 1 was bladder leakage, 3 ureteral necrosis, 3 ureteral obstruction. 1 disruption of ureterovesical junction, 1 bleeding from ureterovesical junction and 1 was urine leakage from ureter. 4. Reconstruction of the bladder in the cases of bladder leakage was failed. Among the 9 ureteral complications, we acquired successful secondary 6 ureteroureterostomy and 3 ureteroneocystomy.
Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Male ; Necrosis ; Ureter ; Ureteral Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

No abstract available.
Keloid*

This study was carried out to find out changes in regional cerebral blood flow(r-CBF) in relation to(i) clinical status of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured intracranial aneurysms ; (ii) the degree of subarachnoid hemorrhage as indicated by brain CT scanning ; (iii) the severity of angiographic vasospasm, and (iv) other neuropathological condition. Measurement of r-CBF were performed, using 133Xe inhalation method, on 50 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Some of the major findings were as follows : 1) The degree of abnormalities of blood flow correlated well with the clinical severity of neurological deficits. 2) A marked reduction in r-CBF was found in patients with intracerebral hematoma, ischemic lesion and hydrocephalus. 3) In angiospasm area, r-CBF was found in patients with intracerebral hematoma, ischemic lesion and hydrocephalus. 3) In angiospasm area, r-CBF decreases below 30ml/100gm/min in almost all of the patients, and severity of vasospasm correlated with the decrease of CBF. 4) The measurement of CBF on patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage was thought to the useful for foreseeing the clinical outcome of the patients.
Brain ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Inhalation ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We have experienced 113 cases of neonatal sepsis comfirmed by clinical manifestations and blood cultures from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1992 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ulsan Dong-Kang Hospital and observed the incidence, predisposing perinatal factors, clinical manifestations, associated illnesses, laboratory findings, isolated microorganisms, antibiotics sensitivity test and mortality rate of neonatal sepsis according to onset of disease. The result were as follows: 1) The incidence of neonatal sepsis was 1.39% and male to female ration was 1.38:1. The incidence and sex difference between early onset and late onset disease were not significant. 2) Neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in premature infants (2.47%) than in fullterm infants (1.28%) and nore prevalent in low birth weight infants(3.01%) than in normal birth weight infants (1.25%). In premature infants, neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in early onset (63.2%) than in late onset diease (36.8%). In low birth weight infants, neonatal sepsis was more prevalent in early onset (64.8%) than in late onset dieases (35.7%P). 3) Predisposing perinatal factors, such as meconium staining, birth asphyxia, difficult delivery, premature rupture of membrane, maternal infection, toxemia and postpartum bleeding were slightly frequent in early onset disease. 4) Among the clinical manifestations, jaundice, respiratory symptoms, pallor, lethargy, poor feeding and hepatosplenonegaly were slightly frequent in early onset disease, but temperature instability and gastrointestinal symptoms were slightly frequent in late onset disease. 5) Among the associated illness, pneumonia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, amnionitis, hyaline membrane disease and osteomyelits were more common in early onset disease, but gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, wound infection and meningitis were mors common in late onset disease. 6) The difference of laboratory findings between early onset and late onset disease was not significant. 7) Causative organisms were gram positive organisms in 87 cases(77.0%), gram negative organisms in 22 cases (18.6%) and mixed infections in 5 cases (4.4%). Among them, coagulase negative staphylococcus was the most common one and staphylococcus aureus was the second. The incidence of infections caused by coagulase negative staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus, between early onset and late onset disease, was not significantly different. Streptococcal infection was more prevalent in early onset disease, especially all group B streptococcus caused early onset disease. 8) Gram positive organisms ware sensitive to Cephalothin (92.9%), Chloramphenicol (90.0%) and Ceftriaxone (88.9%). Gram negative organisms were sensitive to Amikacin (91.3%) and Colistin (82.6%). The difference of antibiotics sensitivity for organisms causing early onset and late onset diease were not significant. Gram negative organisms causing early onset disease were resistant to gentamicin and terramycin, but those organisms causing late onset disease were more sensitive to gentamicin (88.9%) and tobramycin (77.8%). 9) The mortality rate was 7.96%. It was higher in gram negative infections (23.8%) than in gram positive infections (4.6%). No significant difference of mortality rate between early onset and late onset disease was found.
Amikacin ; Amnion ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Ceftriaxone ; Cephalothin ; Chloramphenicol ; Chorioamnionitis ; Coagulase ; Coinfection ; Colistin ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Gentamicins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Jaundice ; Lethargy ; Male ; Meconium ; Membranes ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Oxytetracycline ; Pallor ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Rupture ; Sepsis* ; Sex Characteristics ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcal Infections ; Streptococcus ; Tobramycin ; Toxemia ; Ulsan ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Wound Infection

The hemostatic effect of endoscopic microwave coagulation method for upper gastrointestinal bleeding was evaluated clinically. Hemostasis over 72 hours was achieved in 18 of 20 cases (90%) with upper gastrointestinal bleeding by the endoscopic microwave coagulation method. It is noteworthy that this method was effective in all 4 cases of pulsatile bleeding from exposed vessels. We conclude that this method is useful for emergency endoscopic hemostasis on upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially bleeding from exposed vessels.
Emergencies ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemostasis ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Microwaves*