The herniation of intervertebral disc is possibly diagnosed through the myelography, electromyography, discography or computerized tomography. Among them, the myelography is regarded as the popularized method that helps accurate analysis on the location and pattern of the lesion. The authors have studied 363 cases of herniated intervertebral disc with respect to the diagnostic accuracy of myelographic examination from January, 1982 to December, 1985 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Radiology, National Police Hospital. The results were as follows; 1. The most common age group was 21 to 30 years old and ratio of male and female was 9.7: l. 2. The most common site of the lesion was between L4 and L5 vertebra in myelography. 3. Of the 363 cases which underwent the myelography, 305(84.0%) represented positive findings. 4. Myelographic accuracy was coincided with the clinical diagnosis regarding the location of herniation of intervertebebral disc in 262 cases(72.1%).
Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Male ; Methods ; Myelography ; Orthopedics ; Police ; Spine

BACKGROUND: The patients visiting the primary care complain of the various symptoms. This symptoms may induce the stress or the reverse. In fact the stress can influence the symptoms and signs. So this study was done for the correlation of the symptoms and signs with stress. METHODS: This study was done about the patients visiting the family medicine department of the one university hospital. We collected the all items that can find in the charts for examining the symptoms and signs, and did the requests pater the patients wrote by themselves. The stress test was Psychosocial well being index to be constructed from the General Health Questionnaire. We tested the study by t-test, anova, chi-square, linear logistic regression. RESULTS: The total study numbers were 351. The stress cut-off point was 63 score. The stress group was consisted of 15 males and 43 females. The meaningful symptoms were headache, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, insomnia, anxiety or depression. The meaningful diagnoses were anxiety or depression, tension headache(p<0.05). The meaningful sociodemographic factors were female, housewife or unemployed, menopause, monthly income below 200 ten thousands won. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the some symptoms and signs were statistically correlated with stress.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Exercise Test ; Fatigue ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Menopause ; Primary Health Care ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most serious complication of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). To identify angiographic characteristics of AVM which correlate with a history of hemorrhage, we retrospectively analyzed angiographic findings of 25 patients with AVM. Nine characteristics were evaluated; these include nidus size, location, arterial aneurysm, intranidal aneurysm, angiomatous change, venous drainage pattern, venous stenosis, delayed drainage and venous ectasia. These characteristics were correlated with hemorrhage, which was seen in 18 (72%) patients of CT or MR images. Venous stenosis (P<.05) and delaved venous drainage (P<.05) well correlated with a history of hemorrhage. Arterial aneurysm and intranidal aneurysm also had a tendency hemorrhage although they did not prove to be statistically significant. Detailed analysis of angiographic finding of AVM is important for recognition of characteristics which are related to hemorrhage and may contribute to establishing a prognosis and treatment planning.
Aneurysm ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Burns* ; Humans ; Interleukin-2*

STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study was designed to find the causes of adjacent-segment changes and to investigate the correlation between these changes and clinical results in long-term follow-up patients after instrumental lumbar fixation and posterolateral fusion. OBJECTIVE: To quantify how immobilization of a rigid spinal segment fixation effect the pre-existing degenerated adjacent-segment and to observe the adjacent-segment changes, contributing factors of adjacent-segment changes and to investigate the the correlation between clinical results and adjacent-segment changes. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The reduction in the number of mobile lumbar segments with posterior instrumentation and fusion causes an increased stress in the unfused segment, predisposing them to early degeneration. In addition, the adjacent-segment above the rigid fixation is a particular problem in the previously degenerative spine, which accelerated degeneration at adjacent-segment Many clinical studies reported that stress of the adjacent-segment could develop the significant incidence of spondylolisthesis, spondylolysis and spinal stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients were retrospectively reviewed who underwent wide laminectomy and intertransverse fusion with posterior instrumentation. Inclusion in the study required minimum of 5 years of clinical and radiographic follow-up. Nineteen patients were diagnosed as degenerative spondylolisthesis, degenerative scoliosis in 8, pure spinal stenosis in 6 and lytic spondylolisthesis in 7. The most common fused segments were L4-5 in 16. Initial radiographs including plain radiogram, CT and MRI were classified with respect to presence of degeneration adjacent to fused segments. A preoperative spinal instability was diagnosed when any of the following conditions were noted at adjacent above the fusion: 1) >15degrees angulatory instability, 2) >3mm translation, 3) >5degrees lateral angulation, 4) >grade 1 rotational deformity, and postoperative adjacent changes were diagnosed 1) same as preoperative instability criteria, 2) fracture, 3) spinal stenosis, 4) spondylolysis. Clinical results were categorized as poor, fair, good and excellent. RESULTS: Of 40 patients, 16(40%) patients had significant adjacent-segment changes such as instability in six, fracture in aye, spinal stenosis in four and lysis in one. Incidence of adjacent- segment changes was significantly higher in more than 54-years old. Degenerative scoliosis had a higher adjacent-segment chanties and showed statistically significant between preoperative disease and adjacent-segment changes. Nine patients who had a preoperative instability showed significant adjacent-segment changes. Of remained 31 patients, only 7 patients had adjacent-segment changes. There was a statistically significant difference according to preexisting adjacent-segment degeneration. All five patients with grade 3 degeneration developed significant adjacent-segment changes. In overall clinical results, all 7 poor cases had significant adjacent-segment changes. Of them,5 patients should undergo reoperation. CONCLUSION: Inevitable compensatory mechanism occurs at adjacent segment, resulting from stress concentration and alteration in motion kinematics after fusion. The most important factors associated with adjacent-segment changes were age, pre-existing degeneration and preoperative instability. The adjacent-segment changes had a significant correlation with poor clinical results.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis

We report a 36-year-old male with the bilateral visual field defect following LASIK was observed. Preoperatively, patient had high myopia(right. -7.25 0.75x18, left. -7.5-0.5x12), normal intraocular pressure(IOP)(right/left: 16/14 mmHg), normal visual field(Humphrey 30-2 visual field)and revealed the tilted discs with symetric optic nerve head cupping(cup-to-disc ratio, 0.70), parapapillary atrophy. Bilateral LASIK keratorefractive surgery was on the same day and intraoperative complication was not noted. After the first operative visit day, examination revealed uncorreted visual acuity right 0.8 and left 0.6 but scotoma was reported. Three months later, Humphrey 30-2 visual field revealed a near-superior altitudinal defect in the right eye and nasal side visual field defect in the left eye. Best corrected visual acuity was 1.0 in the right eye, 0.8 in the left eye. Repeated visual fields over a 11-month period postoperatively showed stability of the defect, with IOP of 12 mmHg to 15 mmHg in each eye. We considered LASIK uses a microkeratome vaccum ring to make a corneal flap, transient elevation of IOP alters the microcirculation of optic nerve head and may have precipitated visual field defect.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Optic Disk ; Scotoma ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields*

No abstract available.
Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip*

No abstract available.
Hematoma*