No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Intussusception*

No abstract available.
Lung*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: To assess the potential of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to identify urinary stone components, particularly uric acid and calcium oxalate monohydrate, which are unsuitable for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical study included 246 patients who underwent removal of urinary stones and an analysis of stone components between November 2009 and August 2013. All patients received preoperative DECT using two energy values (80 kVp and 140 kVp). Hounsfield units (HU) were measured and matched to the stone component. RESULTS: Significant differences in HU values were observed between uric acid and nonuric acid stones at the 80 and 140 kVp energy values (p<0.001). All uric acid stones were red on color-coded DECT images, whereas 96.3% of the nonuric acid stones were blue. Patients with calcium oxalate stones were divided into two groups according to the amount of monohydrate (calcium oxalate monohydrate group: monohydrate> or =90%, calcium oxalate dihydrate group: monohydrate<90%). Significant differences in HU values were detected between the two groups at both energy values (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: DECT improved the characterization of urinary stone components and was a useful method for identifying uric acid and calcium oxalate monohydrate stones, which are unsuitable for ESWL.
Adult ; Aged ; Calcium Oxalate/analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi/*chemistry/*radiography/therapy ; *Lithotripsy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Selection ; Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods ; Ureteral Calculi/*chemistry/*radiography/therapy ; Uric Acid/analysis

OBJECTIVES: Abnormalities of bone metabolism could be followed in gastrectomized patients as a late complication. Nowadays, many biochemical and radiologic measurements are applied to detect these abnormalities. The aim of our study is to determine the valuable parameter as an appropriate screening test during long-term follow-up periods and define the usefulness of new biochemical markers for bone metabolism by comparing with traditional markers. METHODS: Fifteen patients who had undergone partial gastrectomy were chosen randomly and fifteen healthy controls were compared. Then, several biochemical and radiologic tests were measured. We excluded subjects who proved to have other causes of bone metabolism abnormalities. Ten patients and 10 controls were finally selected. RESULTS: Comparing the data with those of a corresponding control group, the lumbar bone density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) was statistically significantly lower in the patient group (p +ADw- 0.01). The urinary deoxypyridinoline, a biochemical marker for bone resorption, was statistically higher in the patient group (p +ADw- 0.025). Osteocalcin, Procollagen I C-terminal peptide (PICP) and Type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) were slightly but not significantly higher in the patient group. The serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: We could suggest that urinary deoxypyridinoline and QCT are appropriate parameters as screening tests for the detection of bone metabolism abnormalities in gastrectomized patients during long-term follow-up. Urinary deoxypyridinoline may be a simple and rapid test which could replace cumbersome 24-hour urinary hydroxyproline.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Biological Markers/analysis ; Bone Density/physiology+ACo- ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology+ACo- ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/blood ; Comparative Study ; Gastrectomy/methods ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects+ACo- ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Reference Values ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: Constipation in childhood is a significant problem, however, understanding of its epidemiology has been limited in Korea. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of constipation in school-aged children, helping to manage and prevent it. METHODS: This cross-sectional, descripsive observational prevalence study included children (2 grade, 1st and 6th grade) who were attending two elementary schools in Gwangju. The prevalence of constipation, associated symptoms, and risk factors were evaluated by questionnaire. A child was considered to be constipated when he or she defecated two or less times per week. RESULTS: The prevalence of constipation was 15.4%. There is no significant difference between both sexes and grades. Of the causes of constipation, there was statistically significant difference in exercise deficiency, frequent intake of convenience food, long-time watching TV, unbalanced diet and enuresis history between constipation and normal group. Especially, long-time watching TV, exercise deficiency, and enuresis history were risk factors for development of constipation. Only 27.1% of children with constipation were treated by laxative and enema. CONCLUSION: Even though the prevalence of constipation was high, more than half of them was not treated at all. We should endeavor to educate the children and their parents to prevent constipation by evaluating the feeding and behavioral habit completely, and treating them properly.
Child* ; Constipation* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Enema ; Enuresis ; Epidemiology ; Fast Foods ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Korea ; Parents ; Prevalence* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors

The authors report a case of renal cell carcinoma in a right malrotated (horizontal axis) kidney. The patient was treated by hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. This is the first report of a horizontal axis malrotated kidney with renal cell carcinoma.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy

PURPOSE : To evaluate the compliance of patients who underwent complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Between January 2004 and May 2006, patients who underwent a complete resection for NSCLC were referred to oncologists for adjuvant chemotherapy. Three or 4 cycles of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy was then performed according to the protocol or the preference of the oncologists. RESULTS : Two hundred and thirty-two patients were enrolled in this study. The median age of the study group was 60.9 years and 76.7 % of the patients enrolled were male. 34.9%, 28.8% and 36.2% of the patients were in stage IB, II and III respectively. In addition, 142 of the patients (61.2%) completed all planned cycles, whereas 65 patients (28%) received no therapy. The causes of start failure for adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of decreased postoperative performance status (n=39), refusal (n=13) and distant metastasis at the initial follow-up (n=2). The causes of cessation during adjuvant chemotherapy included the occurrence of severe adverse effects (n=12), aggravation of the disease with newly developed metastasis (n=4) and others (n=6). The mortality related to the adjuvant chemotherapy was 1.3 % (n=3), all of the fatalities were due to pneumonia and sepsis. Univariate analysis showed that age, postoperative complications and pathologic staging were the significant factors that determined whether the adjuvant chemotherapy was completed. Multivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in compliance when age and pathologic staging were considered. CONCLUSION : Adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected NSCLC was performed with satisfactory compliance in approximately 60% of the patients included in this study, and age plays an important role in the compliance of adjuvant chemotherapy. Elderly subsets will be examined to help determine the effect of age on compliance and outcome. In addition, the medical oncologist tended to complete the adjuvant chemotherapy for more advanced cases of lung cancer than for stage IB lung cancer
Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant* ; Compliance* ; Disulfiram ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Complications ; Sepsis