No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local* ; Lipectomy* ; Male ; Penis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: We applied lateral lithotomy position to the severe ureteral stricture cases supposed to fail with only retrograde approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From October 1997 to April 1999, 13 patients with severe ureteral stricture (lenghth>2cm or complete obstruction) supposed to fail with only retrograde approach and one patient with study. The causes of ureteral strictures were pelvic malignancy in 5, tuberculosis in 4, trauma in 2 and others in 2. The patient's ipsilateral shoulder was rotated and fixed like lateral position. And ipsilateral pelvis was elevated with sandbag or pad and rotated about 45 degrees, too. The retrograde approach was tried at first, if fail, antegrade approach was combined. RESULTS: We could insert ureteral stent via retrograde approach only in 3 patients and we needed aid of antegrade approach for passage through ureteral stricture in the other 11 patients (79%). Percutaneous antegrade approaches were combined in those 11 patients and we could pass the guide wire and indwell the stent in 10 of 11 patients (91%) using this position. CONCLUSIONS: The lateral lithotomy position was very helpful to the simultaneous retrograde and antegrade approach in severe fibrotic or malignant ureteral strictures.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Pelvis ; Shoulder ; Stents ; Tuberculosis ; Ureter*

INTRODUCTION: Bone mineral density (BMD) is an important index in diagnosis of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases, prediction of fractures, and monitoring treatment. This study was to find a more feasible technique for prediction of osteoporotic fracture between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and to reveal the actual change of bone strength when BMD was changed. METHODS: Ten of these 20 specimens were used as the demineralized group and the other 10 as the control. Each specimen was immersed in HCl solution at for a period of at least 10 minutes, up to 100 minutes, at an interval of 10 minutes for different levels of demineralization. BMD was measured using DXA and QCT. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted to measure biomechanical parameters. Pearson correlation analysis was used respectively between BMD and biomechanical parameters and between DXA and QCT. RESULTS: Elastic modulus (r=0.87) and yield stress (r=0.84) showed a statistically significant correlation with DXA BMD. Through correlation analysis with QCT BMD and elastic modulus, correlation coefficient showed hemi-vertebra (r=0.80) and trabecular (r=0.68). In yield stress, there was a statistically significant correlation in hemi-vertebra (r=0.87) and trabecular bone (r=0.84). CONCLUSION: DXA is a current standard technique not only for diagnosis of osteoporosis but also for prediction of fracture risk compared to QCT. Actual decrease of bone strength was much greater than that of BMD by both DXA and QCT.
Absorptiometry, Photon* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density* ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Diagnosis ; Elastic Modulus ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Vitamin B12 (VB12) deficiency is an inevitable sequela of a total gastrectom, which results in general symptoms, including easy fatigue, and hematological, neurological, and gastrointestinal complications. Especially in cases of neurological injury, it may be irreVersible if the timely treatment is delayed. Therefore the early diagnosis and treatment is essential. However, no guidelines exist for the incidence or treatments. METHODS: We investigated the symptoms and serum VB12 concentrations of 296 patients who underwent a total gastrectomy for a gastric malignancy. We defined 200~300 pg/ml as the mild decrease group, under 200 pg/ml as the severe decrease group, and over 300 pg/ml as the normal limit. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of VB12 deficiency were 5.1, 11.2, 29.9, 44.7, 64.5% at 6 month, 1, 2 and 3 years, and at 4 or more years, respectively. The 90% of patients reported at least 1 symptom. The group under 200 pg/ml was supplemented at 1 month intervals; 10 of the 16 patients (63%) had their VB12 elevated to above 300 pg/ml. The group between 200~300 pg/ml was supplemented at 1 or 3 month intervals; 21 out of 23 (91%), and 12 out of 15 patients (80%) had their B12 elevated to above 300 pg/ml at the 1 and 3 month intervals, respectively, but with no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The group with a V12 under 200 pg/ml should be supplemented 6 times, at 1 month intervals, regardless of the symptom presentation, and when the rechecked serum VB12 level has been increased above 300 pg/ml, it should be supplemented at 3 month intervals. In the group with a VB12 between 200 and 300 pg/ml, the VB12 should be supplemented at 3 month intervals if the symptom is present, and the asymptomatic group should be observed.
Early Diagnosis ; Fatigue ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency* ; Vitamin B 12* ; Vitamins*

Trauma is the important cause of death in children and adults. From May 1, 1984 to June 30, 1995, 370 patients were admitted to our hospital for genitourinary injuries. We made clinical observations and compared children with adults on incidence, cause, diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary traumatic patients. As the result, it was no significant difference between children and adults on incidence, sex ratio, cause, hospital stay, and associated injuries. The kidney was the most common organ to be injured and there was no difference in severity of renal injury between two groups. Operative treatments were more common in adults than children, and external genitalia was most common organ to get operation.
Adult* ; Cause of Death ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Length of Stay ; Sex Ratio

Trauma is the important cause of death in children and adults. From May 1, 1984 to June 30, 1995, 370 patients were admitted to our hospital for genitourinary injuries. We made clinical observations and compared children with adults on incidence, cause, diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary traumatic patients. As the result, it was no significant difference between children and adults on incidence, sex ratio, cause, hospital stay, and associated injuries. The kidney was the most common organ to be injured and there was no difference in severity of renal injury between two groups. Operative treatments were more common in adults than children, and external genitalia was most common organ to get operation.
Adult* ; Cause of Death ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Length of Stay ; Sex Ratio

No abstract available.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Spondylolysis*