No abstract available.
Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Parents* ; Psychopathology*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome*

Management of patients with unstable fracture or fracture-dislocation of thoraco-lumbar spine continues to be controversial. One area of disagreement involves spinal fusion with internal fixation for prevention of later spinal instability. Intemal fixation of the spine without fusion has been advocated in the treatment of the unstable thoraco-lumbar fracture or dislocation. During the period of January 1981 to March 1984, thirty-two patients underwent fixation by Harrington distraction rod without fusion for the treatment of thoraco-lumbar fractures. Eight cases among them had second operation for the removal of the Harrington rods in 13.4months after Harrington rod fixation and were followed up clinically and radiolagically for 1 year at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College and Center. The rationales for this procedure were to minimize the number of permanently stabilized segments and to provide more spinal mobility. We have expected that spontaneous fusion of vertebral body occur by the prolonged immobilization with Hamngton distraction rods. After the Harrington rods, the average conection rate of kyphotic angle was 41.8% and average correction rate of height of collapsed vertebral body or displacement of vertebral body was 42.3% at one year follow up. Instrumentations in eight patient were removed at 13.4 months after the initial surgery and the patients were followed up for one year. At the time of removal of instrumentation, unilateral partial facetectomy was done for histologic examination of the facet joint which is above the lower Harrington hook in four patients. The average correction rate of kyphotic angle was 37.5% and the average correction rate of height of collapsed or displaced vertebral body was 40.6% at one year after the removal of H-rods. The range of spine motions were incresed gradually. But histologic findings of the immobilized facet joint revealed fibrillation, fissures, thinning of the normal cartilagenous surface, decreased cartilagenous cellularity, and vascular tidemark invasion which are characteristics of osteoarthritis. Through this study, we obtained following conclusions: 1. Immediate Harrington distraction rodding was effective for the anatomic reduction of the collapsed vertebral body. And it provided immediate spinal stability, and spontaneous fusion of vertebral body. 2. Prolonged immobilization of the spine by Harrington rods is believed to have deleterious effect on articular cartilage of the immobilized facet joint as the degenerative changes of the cartilage of the facet joint was consistently found in this study. And it was regarded as a predisposing factors in the development of symptomatic arthritis of the spine. 3. If a fractured and collapsed vertebral body can be reduced by Harrington distraction rods, a spontaneous fusion of vertebral body occur. Harrington rodding without fusion could be one of the useful surgeries for management of the fractures and fracture-dislocation of the spine.
Arthritis ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Causality ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Osteoarthritis ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Zygapophyseal Joint

No abstract available.
Femoral Neck Fractures* ; Femur Neck* ; Humans ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Foreign Bodies*

Congenital scoliosis is defined as a lateral curvature of the spine caused by congenital anomalies of the vertebral development. In this study seventeen congenital scoliosis patients seen and treated by either Milwaukee brace or surgical intervention at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from December 1972 to April 1978 were evaluated according to frequency of the curve pattern, character of the deformity, method of treatment and its correctability. The following results were obtained in this study. 1. Age distribution was from 2 to 39 years and mean age was 13.4 years. 2. The most common deformity pattern was hemivertebra in 8 cases (47.1%), unilateral unsegmented bar in 4 (23.6%) and mixed type in 3 (17.6%). 3. The most common curve level was thoracic in 6 cases (35.3%), followed by thoracolumbar in 4 (23.5%) and lumbar in 4 (23.5%). 4. The best corrected type by Milwaukee brace was trapezoid vertebra (29.4%) and then mixed type(26.1%), followed by block type (20%) and hemivertebra(2.3%). 5. The operative treatment was performed in the cases of unilateral bar and progressive type with Milwaukee brace. In terms of the correctability of the curvature, the surgical intervention was better than the conservative treatment, with the result of its average correction of 33.5% that is compared with 15.9% of Milwaukee brace. 6. Halofemoral traction was effectively applied in the cases of rigid and severe curve; the initial curve 76.3 degress with 21.3% of flexibility. 7. Loss of correction in operative treatment was 2.3 degrees (6.5%).
Age Distribution ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Pliability ; Scoliosis ; Seoul ; Spine ; Traction

Trachea is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium which usually expresses a complex mixture of stratified as well as simple epithelial-type cytokeratins. In the present work, the cytokeratin expressions was studied immunohistochemically in the tracheal epithelium and gland of human fetus at 14, 26 and 32 weeks of gestation. The primary antibodies used were CK7, 8, 10, 14, 18, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. In PAS-hematoxylin stain, the tracheal eithelium was composed of pseudostratified ciliated columnar type and consisted of surface, intermediate and basal layers regardless of gestational ages. The PAS positive cells, however, were decreased in number in proportion to gestational ages. The tracheal gland was not fully differentiated at 14 weeks of gestation, and had well differentiated secretory portions consisting mucous and serous cells at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation. The mucous cells and luminal border of the duct were positive for PAS stain. The tracheal eithelium showed different immunoreactivity between cartilageous and membranous portions. In general, CK7 and 5D3 were expressed in surface cells, AE8 in intermediate cells, and MNFl16 and AE3 in the cells of all layers. At 14 weeks of gestation, the tracheal epithelium immunoreacted for CK7, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The premordium of tracheal gland was positive for 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The tracheal epithelium at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation showed same staining properties to those at 14 weeks of gestation. The duct cells at 26 weeks of gestation were immunoreactive for CK7, 8, 14, 18, AE8, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3, and those at 32 weeks of gestation were immunoreactive for CK7, 14, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. The acinar cells at 26 and 32 weeks of gestation were positively stained for CK7, 8, 18, 5D3, MNFl16 and AE3. These results suggest that CK7 and 5D3 may serve as useful markers for mature cilated cells, AE8 (CKl3) for immature ciliated cells, and CKl4 for duct cells in tracheal epithelium and gland.
Acinar Cells ; Antibodies ; Epithelium* ; Fetus* ; Gestational Age ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins* ; Phenobarbital ; Pregnancy ; Trachea

Experiments were performed in mice (Balb/C) to support the basic efficacy of the human immunoglobulin (IgG) preparation. The antibacterial activity of IgG purified from human sera was examined with or without the quinolone agent, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens. Results were as follows: Antibacterial activities in terms of percentage of survivors, after administration of Ps. aeruginosa into mouse intraperitoneal cavity were in the following order, single IgG group, CPFX administration after IgG pretreatment group, IgG and CPFX combined administration group and CPFX alone group. The number of living bacteria was monitored in blood and liver tissue of mice infected with Ps. aeruginosa and treated by IgG administration. The increase of living bacteria in liver was more drastic than that in blood. Leukocytosis was observed in mice injected with IgG, excluding those only with ciprofloxacin, after 8 hours of administration to see a decrease to normal number of bacteria after 18 hours. No significant difference was noticed between pretreatment group and post treatment group. In vitro susceptibility test of IgG against Ps. aeruginosa, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 250 µg/ml, resistant to IgG, regardless of a combined administration with CPFX. In vitro test revealed that the IgG itself did not have anti-Ps. aeruginosa activity.
Animals ; Bacteria ; Ciprofloxacin* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Leukocytosis ; Liver ; Mice ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pseudomonas* ; Survivors

The inverted nipple presents many problems including both cosmetic and functional aspects and impairment in breast feeding. the histopathologic characters of inverted nipple are that inverted nipple has less fibromuscular tissue than normal nipple and has short lactiferous duct and dense fibrous tissue. Many surgical and non-surgical techniques have been designed for correction of the inverted nipple. But most of these techniques have produced unsatisfactory problems. especially undesirable recurrence is most important problem. We experienced 19 inverted nipples in 12 patients between March 1995 and January 1998. We combined modified Teimourian method, purse-string suture and Z-plasty. and had good result for 3weeks to 30months follow up. This method was effective for correction of the inverted nipple with low recurrence rate and simple techniques.
Breast Feeding ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nipples* ; Recurrence ; Sutures

No abstract available.