No abstract available.

Many authors reported the etiology of hypoplasia of the nasomaxillary complex as trauma, infection, underdevelopment. To correct these deformities, Le Fort II Osteotomy and its modification has been popularly applied. This method enabled total advancement of nasomaxillary complexes and acquirememt of midfacial esthetics. But it has some limitations such as various occlusal deviation or lateral shifting of nasomaxillary complex in case of nasomaxillary retrusion. We grouped these patients as follows : 1. Nasomaxillary retrusion without shifting of nasomaxillary complex (1) Anteroposterior deviation of occlusal plane (2) Lateral deviation of occlusal plane(including canting) (3) Supero-inferior deviation of occlusal plane (4) Combined disturbance of occlusal plane without shifting of nasamaxillary complex 2. Lateral shifting of nasomaxillary complex with or without deviation of occlusal plane We performed Le Fort II and I combined osteotomy on eleven cases of midfacial deformity from June 1994 to July 1997 and in most of the cases, followed up maximum 36 months and could acquire positional stability and improvement of facial eathetics.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Dental Occlusion ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Osteotomy*

Muscular Diseases* ; Myopathies, Structural, Congenital*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Middle ear barotrauma is a damage of the ear resulting from the pressure difference between the middle ear and the atmospheric environment. We investigated the effects of chewing gum and administering the systemic decongestant in hyperbaric oxygen therapy. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We investigated the cases of the middle ear barotrauma which came from hyperbaric oxygen therapy for finger replantation. We studied 81 patients without E-tube dysfunction. They were divided into three groups: the non-treated patients, the patients chewing gums and receiving high-pressure treatment, and the patients receiving the systemic decongestant. We investigated the patients for symptoms, otoscopic findings, tympanometry, and PTA. Otoscopic findings were classified by modified Teed classification. RESULTS: In the first group, 36 of 60 (60%) ears had otologic symptoms, 37 of 60 (62%) ears were above the grade 1, 31 of 60 (52%) ears were B or C type in tympanometry and 20 of 60 (33%) ears were above 20dB in AB gap (air-bone gap). In the second group, 23 of 60 (38%) ears had the otologic symptom, 26 of 60 (43%) ears were above the grade 1, 19 of 60 (32%) ears were the B or C type and 10 of 60 (17%) ears were above 20dB in AB gap. In the third group, 18 of 42 (43%) ears had the otologic symptoms, 19 of 42 (45%) ears were above the grade 1, 15 of 42 (36%) ears were the B or C type and 7 of 42 (17%) ears were above 20dB in the AB gap. CONCLUSION: The second group was better than the first group with regard to otologic symptom, otoscopic findings, tympanometry, PTA, and showed statistical significance. On the other hand, the third group was effective but did not show statistical significance.
Acoustic Impedance Tests ; Barotrauma* ; Chewing Gum ; Classification ; Ear ; Ear, Middle* ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation* ; Replantation

Purpose: This study evaluated the usefulness of a silicone ring tourniquet by analyzing the changes in the perioperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels or amount of perioperative bleeding compared to those of a pneumatic tourniquet or no usage during minimally invasive plate fixation for distal femoral fractures. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 30 patients who underwent minimally invasive plate fixation using a locking compression plate for distal femoral fractures were evaluated and classified as a silicone ring tourniquet (Group 1), a pneumatic tourniquet (Group 2), and no usage (Group 3). The variables for analysis were age, sex, preoperative Hb (preHb), postoperative 72-hour Hb (postHb), differences between preHb and postHb (preHb-postHb), amount of intraoperative and overall transfusion, estimated unit of transfusion corrected by preHb-postHb and total transfusion (Hb-lost), amount of intraoperative and postoperative and total bleeding. One-way ANOVA was used to identify the differences between the groups. Results: The age, sex, operation time, preHb, preHb-postHb, amount of intraoperative and overall transfusion and Hb-lost were similar in the two groups. The amount of intraoperative bleeding was significantly lower in Group 1 than Group 3 (p=0.004), but there was no difference in the amount of postoperative and total bleeding between the two groups. Conclusion The use of a silicone ring tourniquet in the minimally invasive plate fixation for distal femoral fractures decreased the amount of intraoperative bleeding compared to no use of a tourniquet.

Background: This study aimed to retrospectively assess results of intracranial meningioma surgerywith or without intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) in a single institution. Methods: Two cohorts (a historical cohort and a monitoring cohort) were collected for the analy-sis. Before IONM was introduced, a total of 107 patients underwent intracranial meningioma operation without IONM from January 2000 to December 2008 by one neurosurgeon (historical cohort). After IONM was introduced, a total of 99 patients with intracranial meningioma were operated under IONM between November 2018 and February 2023 by two neurosurgeons (monitoring cohort). A retrospective comparison was made on the complications from meningioma surgery between the two groups. Results: In the monitoring cohort, warning signals of motor evoked potential (MEPs) or so-matosensory evoked potential (SSEPs) were alarmed in 10 patients. Two of these 10 patients aborted the operation and eight of these 10 patients with warning signals underwent tumor resection. Of these eight patients, five showed postoperative morbidity. Five of 89 patients without warning signals developed neurological deficits. In the historical cohort, 14 of 107 patients showed postoperative morbidity or mortality. Conclusion Even after successful resection of intracranial meningiomas prior to the advent ofIONM, integration of MEPs and SSEPs monitoring yielded valuable insights for surgical teams during operative procedures.

Bronchial carcinoid tumor accounts for less than 5% of all primary lung tumors in adults. Although surgical resection is the treatment of choice, here we report a case of bronchial carcinoid tumor treated with flexible bronchoscopic resection. A 19-year-old-man presented with a history of wheezing with dyspnea for six months. A simple chest x-ray showed no abnormal findings, but a pulmonary function test showed a moderate obstructive lung disease pattern without a bronchodilator response. A computed tomogram of the thorax revealed an enhanced 15x12 mm nodule in the left main bronchus. Bronchoscopic examination showed a polypoid mass with a stalk in the left main bronchus, which almost completely occluded the left main bronchus. Histopathology of the resected specimen revealed a bronchial carcinoid tumor. We treated the carcinoid tumor with a flexible bronchoscopic resection. During the follow up period of 6 months, the previous tumor didn't relapse. Initial bronchoscopic resection should be considered when bronchial carcinoid tumor can be approached by bronchoscopy.
Adult ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; Carcinoid Tumor ; Dyspnea ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Sounds ; Thorax

PURPOSE: Renal blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI has been used in the evaluation of renal oxygenation. We tried to provide the normal R2* value of the human kidney with 3.0 T, and evaluated the differences in R2* values according to gender and location. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent BOLD MRI at 3.0 T. Multi gradient echo-echo planar imaging sequence with seventeen echoes was used. After generation of the T2* map, the R2* was calculated. The statistical differences in R2* values between the cortex and medulla, males and females, and the right and left kidney were analyzed. The regional differences of R2* within the both kidneys were evaluated respectively. RESULTS: BOLD MRI was successful in all participants. No gross artifact interfered with R2* measurement. The mean R2* at 3.0 T was 17.1 +/- 2.60 s-1 in the cortex and 27.7 +/- 4.83 s-1 in the medulla (p < 0.001). The R2* value in the medulla was significantly higher in the male than female volunteers (p = 0.025). There were no statistical differences of R2* according to the side and location in the kidney (p = 0.197). CONCLUSION: Renal BOLD MRI can be efficiently performed with 3.0 T MRI. Renal medullary hypoxia is present in normal volunteers. Our results may be used as reference values in the evaluation of pathologic conditions using BOLD MRI.
Anoxia ; Artifacts ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Oxygen ; Reference Values

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aims of this study are to clarify the morphology of fundic gland polyp (FGP) and to compare the features of FGP between familial adenomatous polyposis-associated group and sporadic development group. METHODS: A total of 15 endo- scopic biopsy specimens of FGP from 13 patients were divided into three groups; Group A(3 cases; familial adenomatous polyposis family, multiple FGPs), Group B(3 cases; sporadic development, multiple FGPs) and Group C(7 cases; sporadic development, single FGP), and their endoseopic /microscopic features including mucin histochemistry and immunohistoc- hemistty(for PCNA) were compared. RESULTS: FGPs were confined to the gastric body and fundus in all 3 groups, and measured 2-8 mm. Their numbers varied even in Group A and Group B, The difference was observed in their median age: 26 years in Group A and 55 years in Group B, respectively, but there were no differences in endoscopic, histologic, mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical(for PCNA) features. Micro-scopically, all FGPs were composed of fundic glands and scattered microcysts with a spectrum of disordered glandular architecture which ranged from convoluted gland to Y-shaped gland, to stellateshaped gland, and to irregular tortuous glancl with dilated lumen. CONCLUSIONS: We assume that diversity af morphologic features of FGP may develop from progression of hyperplastic/hamartomatous fundic glandular proliferation which may end up with microcyst formation as an evolutional change. Familial adenomatous polyosis-associated FGPs were not endoscopically and histologically distingishable from sporadic deveoped FGPs.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Biopsy ; Esophagus* ; Humans ; Intestines* ; Mucins ; Polyps* ; Stomach*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of preoperative and postoperative parameters, particularly anterior chamber depth, on corneal endothelial cell loss during cataract surgery. METHODS: Eighty-two eyes of 82 patients who underwent cataract surgery by the same surgeon using the same technique were selected for the present study. Various preoperative and postoperative parameters including age, anterior chamber depth, duration and power of phacoemulsification, preoperative endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonality, and grade of nucleosclerosis were evaluated. Endothelial cell densities were recorded preoperatively and at two months postoperatively using a noncontact specular microscope. RESULTS: After two months, the mean central endothelial cell loss in all eyes was 8.77%. Among the pre- and post-operative parameters, patient' age, anterior chamber depth, duration, power, and energy of phacoemulsification and grade of nucleosclerosis showed significant correlation with endothelial cell loss. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified age, nucleosclerosis, anterior chamber depth, and phacoemulsification time as independent predictors for endothelial cell loss. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of endothelial cell loss increased with increases in patient' age, nucleosclerosis, and phacoemulsification time. However, eyes with a deep anterior chamber showed a significantly lower risk of endothelial cell loss.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Cornea ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss ; Endothelial Cells ; Eye ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Phacoemulsification