This study was performed to compare the amount of blood flow from left and right side heart using Doppler echocardiography and Fick method. The pulmonary blood flow (Qp), aortic blood flow (Qs) and Qp/Qs ratio were noninvasively evaluated by two dimensional Doppler echocardiography in 10 patients with ventricular septal defect in children, aged 2 years to 15 years (mean+/-SD=7.1+/-4.9 years). Cardiac catheterization was performed within 2 days after examination of Doppler echocardiography in all patients. Systemic and pulmonary blood flow was calculated by using Fick principle, based on measured oxygen consumption and measured blood oxygen saturation. The Doppler frequency shift was analyzed by computer system combined with Meridian Echocardiography System. Comparison of Qp, Qs and Qp/Qs ratio obtained by invasive methods and by two-dimensional pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography showed a correlation of 0.679 in Qp, 0.710 in Qs and 0.639 in Qp/Qs ratio (p<0.05).
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Child* ; Computer Systems ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler* ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Consumption

No abstract available.

The transverse sacral fracture is rare; however, if it accompanies neurological injury or instability, difficult surgical treatment may be necessary. We performed surgical decompression and laminoplasty in a patient with neurological deficits and anterior displacement of S2 on S1. The patient showed a successful clinical outcome by neurological improvement.
Decompression ; Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Sacrum

Corticosteroids has been used in treatment of wide varieties of disease, but there was no report which related to the effects on cardic function with the long term corticosteroids therapy in children. We had been evaluated 18 patients with nephrotic syndrome who were admitted to department of pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital until March 1987. Also we examined interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness and all parts of internal dimension of heart, and cardiac output and STI(Systolic Time Interval) by M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, and compared with body surface matched control group. Result are as follows;age and sex distribution were 4 4/12 to 14 6/12(9.11+/-3.55 years) and 15 males and 3 females. The duration of follow up was from 6 to 132 months(39.28+/-36.12 months). The interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness were more thickened in corticosteroids group than those of control. Systolic time interval, the index of left ventricular function, was more increased in corticosteroids group than in control group, but there was no differences in cardiac output between two groups. lthough longterm follow up studies are needed to confirm the cardiac effects of long term corticosteroids therapy, we conclude that long term corticosteroids therapy cause significant hypertrophy of cardiac muscle and periodic evaluation of cardiac function such as noninvasive Doppler echocardiographic studies are mandatory in patients with long term corticosteroids therapy.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Cardiac Output ; Child ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Male ; Myocardium ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Pediatrics ; Sex Distribution ; Systole ; Ventricular Function, Left

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Intussusception*

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Mothers*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Rheumatic Heart Disease*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

No abstract available.
Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*