BACKGROUND: The characteristic t(15; 17) of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) fuses the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene on chromosome 17 to the PML gene on chromosome 15. The test of PML-RARA rearrangement is essential for diagnosis and therapy of APL. We analyzed breakpoints of the PML gene as a basic study for PML-RARA rearrangement test. METHODS: PML-RARA rearrangements, breakpoints of the PML gene and junction sequences were analyzed in 41 patients with APL using RT-PCR and direct sequencing. RESULTS: Forty out of 41 cases revealed PML-RARA rearrangement, of which results coincided with cytogenetic data. Breakpoint distribution was 26 cases in burl (65%), one in bcr2 (2.5%), and 13 in bcr3 (32.5%). Sequencing data showed invariable joining of exon 3 of the RARA gene and exon 6 (bcrl type) or exon 3 (bcr3 type) of the PML gene. One case with bcr2 type had breakpoint in exon 6 of the PML gene with 57 bp deletion. CONCLUSIONS: Bcrl Is the most common breakpoint site of APL in Koreans, and bcy1+2/bcr3 ratio is approximately 2.1. PML-RARA junctions were continuous and joined by a correct splicing event. Breakpoint analysis would be useful in quality control of PML-RARA rearrangement test and the fused protein analysis.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Cytogenetics ; Diagnosis ; Exons ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute* ; Quality Control ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Siblings*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hemoglobinuria*

No abstract available.
*Environmental Pollution ; History of Medicine, 20th Cent. ; Human ; Lead/*history ; Lead Poisoning/*history ; Paint/*history ; United States

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Paraquat* ; Poisoning*

No abstract available.
Ectromelia*

We report herein a case of subcutaneous granuloma pyogenicum developed on the fourth interdigital space of right foot of 36-year-old housewife. Histopathological findings showed characteristic lobular capillary hemangioma. The subcutaneous nodule had a thick fibrous capsule and were composed of multiple, confluent cellular, angiomatous lobules separated by loose fibrous tissue. Most lobules contained round, oval or angular capillaries, lined by proliferated prominant endothelial cells projecting into the lumina of the vessels. Clinically, the lesion was a tender subcutaneous nodule with macerated surface aind soft corn or traumatic epidermal cyst were considered in the differential diagnoses.
Adult ; Capillaries ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endothelial Cells ; Epidermal Cyst ; Foot ; Granuloma* ; Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Humans ; Zea mays

A retrospective study was carried out of 125 cases of fractures or fracture-dislocations of the thoracolumbar spine. These were treated by either operative or nonoperative methods at the Kang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym medical college during the period of Jan. 1980 to Oct. 1983. A comparison of clinical and radiographic findings regarding stability of spine, neurologic recovery, and back pain demonstrates distinct similarities and differences as follows: 1. Operative methods were found to be more efficient in correcting deformity and restoring stability than nonoperative methods. 2. No difference could be detected in degree of neurological recovery between operative and nonoperative methods in paraplegic patients. 3. Pain was more pronounced in the patients treated by nonoperative methods. 4. A classification of injuries based on radiographic findings is not satisfactory to confirm stability. There is a need for several methods of classification in order to planning the treatment program.
Back Pain ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations ; Heart ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine